UJI ANTAGONIS BAKTERI ENDOFIT ASAL TANAMAN JAGUNG TERHADAP Fusarium sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM

Andini Hanif

Abstract


Bakteri endofit dilaporkan mampu menghasilkan senyawa metabolit yang berpotensi memiliki senyawa anticendawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan bakteri endofit asal tanaman jagung yang antagonis terhadap cendawan patogen Fusarium sp. Isolasi bakteri endofit dilakukan dengan metode sterilisasi permukaan, selanjutnya dilakukan uji hipersensitif terhadap isolat bakteri yang diperoleh untuk menyeleksi bakteri patogen dan non patogen. Isolat bakteri endofit diuji kemampuan antagonisnya terhadap cendawan Fusarium sp. Dengan metode dual culture. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 31 isolat bakteri endofit non patogen. Uji antagonis menunjukkan tiga bakteri endofit berpotensi menghambat cendawan Fusarium sp. yaitu isolat EF14III dengan daya hambat sebesar 64.4%, ER1I dengan daya hambat sebesar 58.0%, dan ER10I dengan daya hambat sebesar 56.4%. Berdasarkan karakterisasi secara morfologi, biokimia, dan fisiologi isolat EF14III diidentifikasi sebagai Lactobacillus sp., ER1I diidentifikasi sebagai Pseudomonas sp., dan ER10I diidentifikasi sebagai Aeromonas sp.

Keywords


Aeromonas sp., Bakteri endofit, Fusarium sp., Jagung, Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. Uji Antagonis.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Fisher PJ, Petrini O, Scott HM. 1992. The distribution of some fungal and bacterial endophytes in maize (Zea Mays L.).New Phytol. 122: 299-305.

Halder SK, Maity C, Jana A, Das A, Paul T, Mahopatra PKD, Pati BK. Mondal KC. 2013. Proficient biodegradation of shrimp shell waste by Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1 for the concomitant production of anti cendawan chitinase and antioxidant chitosaccharides. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation.79: 88-97. doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.01.011

Hallmann J, Quadt-Hallmann A, Mahaffe WF, Kloepper JW. 1997. Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crop. Can J Microbiol. 43: 895-914.

Hasanuddin. 2011. Uji aktivitas antibiosis Pseudomonas fluorescent terhadap Rigidoporus lignosus (Klotszch) Imazeki penyebab penyakit akar putih. J HPT. 11(1): 87-94

Ikeda AC, Bassani LL, Adamoski D, Sstringari D, Corderio VK, Glienke C, Steffens MB, Hungria M, Galli-Terasawa LV. 2013. Morphological and genetic characterization of endophytic bacteria isolated from roots of different maize genotypes. Microb Ecol. 65:154160. doi: 10.1007/s00248-012-0104-0.

Liu Y, Zuo S, Zuo Y, Wang J, Song W. 2012. Investigation on diversity and population successiondynamics of endophytic bacteria from seeds of maize (Zea mays L., Nongda108) at different growth stages.Ann Microbiol. doi: 10.1007/s13213-012-0446-3.

Munif A, Hallmann J, Sikora R. 2012. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from tomato and their biocontrol activities against fungal diseases.Microbiology. 6(4): 148-156. doi: 10.545/mi.6.4.2

Orole OO, Adejumo TO. 2011. Bacterial and fungal endophytes associated with grains and roots of maize. JEcol Natur Envir.3(9): 298-303.

Rahayuniati RF, Mugiastuti E. 2012. Keefektifan Bacillus sp. dan Pseudomonas fluorescens mengendalikan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici dan Meloidogyne sp. penyebab penyakit layu pada tomat secara in vitro. Jurnal Pembangunan Pedesaan. 12(1): 65 - 70

Schaad NW, Jones JB, Chun W. 2000. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Third edition.American Phytopathological Society, APS Press: St. Paul.

Siddiqui IA, Shaukat SS. 2003. Endophytic bacteria: Prospects and opportunities for the biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes. NematolMedit. 31:111120.

Soesanto L, Mugiastuti E, Rahayuniati RF. 2010. Kajian mekanisme antagonis Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 terhadap Fusarium oxysporum F.SP. Lycopersici pada tanaman tomat In vivo. J HPT Tropika. 10(2): 108-115.

Strom K, Sjogren J, Broberg A, Schnurer J. 2002. Lactobacillus plantarum MiLAB 393 Produces the Anti cendawan Cyclic Dipeptides Cyclo(L-PheL-Pro) and Cyclo(L-Phetrans-4-OH-L-Pro) and 3-Phenyllactic Acid. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(9): 43224327. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.9.43224327.2002

Suryanto D, Irawati N, Munir E. 2011. Isolation and characterization of chitinolytic bacteria and their potential to inhibit plant pathogenic fungi. Microbiol Indones. 5(2) : 144 148.

Tanaka M, Sukiman H, Takebayashi M, Saito K, Suto M, Prana MS, Tomita F. 1999. Isolation, Screening and Phylogenetic Identification of Endophytes from Plants in Hokaido Japan and Java Indonesia. Microbes and Environment. 14(4): 237241.

Yuliar, Suciatmih, Supriyati D, Rahmansyah M. 2013. Biodiversity of endophytic bacteria and their antagonistic activity to Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporium. GJBHS. 2(4): 111-118

Zecchin VJS, Ikeda AC, Hungria M, Adamoski D, Cordeiro VK. 2014. Identification and characterization of endophytic bacteria from corn (Zea mays L.) roots with biotechnological potential in agriculture. AMB Express. 4(26):19.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.