ONOMATOPOEIA ANALYSIS ON DOCTOR DOLITTLE NOVEL BY HUGH LOFTING

Khairunnisa Fazlaini, 1602050070, “Onomatopoeia Analysis on Doctor Dolittle Novel”. Skripsi English Education Program, Faculty of Teacher’s Training and Education (FKIP), University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU). Medan 2020 This study deals with onomatopoeia in Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting. The objectives of the study were to analyze the types of onomatopoeia that used in the Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting, to analyze why onomatopoeia used in Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting, and to investigate how the author describe the onomatopoeia word in his novel. The scope and limitation were focused about onomatopoeia words found in the Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting. The researcher analyzed three types of onomatopoeia, there are Direct Onomatopoeia, Associative Onomatopoeia, and Exemplary Onomatopoeia. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method and it was taken place in library of UMSU to analyze the data. The data of this reseach was taken from the Doctor Dolittle novel. were the novel The technique of data analyzing was from the data collection, data presentation, data verification and, data reduction. The research finding showed that there were 38 of onomatopoeia found in this research which consist of 7 words direct onomatopoeia, 24 words assiciative onomatopoeia, and 7 exemplary onomatopoeia based on Bredin's (1996 : 558). Associative Onomatopoeia was the dominant types of Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting.


A. Background of the Study
Semantics is the study of how language is used to represent meaning.
More precisely, semantics aims to explain how literal meanings are linguistically coded and translated by speakers and listeners. According to Jhon I. Seed (2016) "Semantic is the study of meaning of communicated language". The meaning of language has an important role so that what is communicated to other people or readers in a literary work will be understood and the message made by the researcher will be conveyed. Lexical semantics is also said to be a sub-field of linguistic semantics. It is the study of how and what words are used in a language.
Language is very important for human life in the world to speak, to meet all the needs in life. Lexical semantic is a branch of semantics that deals with word meanings. Saeed (2003:53) defines lexical semantics as the study of the meaning of words and traditionally has two descriptive objectives: to represent the meaning of each word in a language, and to test how the meanings of words are interrelated. Lexical semantic fits in with linguistic in various ways. The use of language is not only seen from the creation of new words, but also from the various meanings represented in the form of one word. Therefore, several words may have different meanings or meanings but are related in the same form and even in the same pronunciation. Like the word onomatopoeia, many of us, and including the researcher do not know what is the word onomatopoeia. Even though without us knowing it, we often use the word onomatopoeia in everyday life, because the word onomatopoeia is related to sound.
From these problems, many people still have difficulty deciphering the word onomatopoeia. Onomatopoeia itself means a word or group of words that mimic sounds such as animal sounds, knock sounds, gunshots, etc. (Yule, 2006: 3) says that onomatopoeia are things that do not sound and abstract concepts in our world can be referred to in a language that only echoes the sounds of nature.
Onomatopoeia is linguistics usually found in literary works. This onomatopoeia discusses text-shaped sounds, simply describing a sound by pouring it into text or sentence form. According to Doft (2008:4) defines onomatopoeia as a form of sound that named by its object that imitates the natural sound inproducing. Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting is no exception. With its own features and characteristics, this novel can bring readers, who are mostly children and teenagers, to their own world. We can categorize it as imaginative literature. After the reader's attention is focused on the novel, the novel never stops playing the reader's imagination. To keep the imagination of magicians alive, there are many types of imagery that writers use. The most easily seen are visual and auditory imagery. In auditory imagery, the researcher uses many expressions that describe the sounds that appear in the story. These expressions are called onomatopoeia. Onomatopoeia is defined as the fact of words that contain sounds that are similar to the sounds they describe. Apart from its relationship with translation studies, onomatopoeia itself is a very interesting language study because the fact is usually different between languages. We know that 'bang' is an expression of a weapon fired in English, but we know that the equivalent is 'bang' in Indonesian. The most common onomatopoeia words found are animal sounds. There are many examples of onomatopoeia that express animal sounds found in both languages. In English, we know that 'meow ', 'baa', 'hiss', 'neigh', and 'oink' are some English onomatopoeic words. In Indonesian we know 'mbek ', 'kukuruyuk', 'meow' and 'petok'. Translating ideas and meanings from the source language into the target language might not be an easy thing to do.
Differences in language and cultural systems between English and Indonesian cause problems in translating onomatopoeia associated with both languages. For example in the book itself there are imitations of sounds like "ka koi fee-fee" bird sound, "chee-chee" sound of the monkey, "sh" the sound of silenced, "er" sound of the people who are confused , and the last "HULLOA" the sound calling saying hello!.
Based on the experience of researchers, many people have difficulty determining onomatopoeia, because onomatopoeia has three types. They are Direct Onomatopoeia, Associative Onomatopoeia, and Exemplary Onomatopoeia.
The word onomatopoeia can be found in novels, comics, books, films, and children's stories. Many people know or are not familiar with the word onomatopoeia. But many cannot identify it. This reasoning is correlated with the theory cited by Bredin's. "There is less unanimity however, and more difficulty, when attempts are made to define onomatopoeia".
Therefore, researchers are interested in investigating solutions to these problems. There are still many people who rarely learn the word onomatopoeia, rarely hear the word onomatopoeia, don't understand the types of onomatopoeia, then don't know the meaning of the word onomatopoeia. . In this study, the problem is that many students have difficulty determining the onomatopoeia in a novel, so there is a problem that the novel does not look extraordinary and will make the reader feel bored reading the novel..

Researcher have analyzed the use of onomatopoeia as found in theDoctor
Dolittle by Hugh Lofting. What made me interested in choosing this novel was that it was a very interesting story for everyone to read, especially children.
Because this novel tells about a doctor who talks to animals and he likes to imitate the sounds around him. In this novel, we can recognize the word onomatopoeia, we can also find out the types of onomatopoeia because we often mimic sounds with things that happen in the real world. In addition, in this novel many examples can be taken from the use of the word onomatopoeia. Reading a novel can also enrich our understanding in interpreting its contents. In addition, reading novels leads us to learn more about the various aspects of humans that imitate sounds and things that happen in the real world.
Based on the description above, the researcher is interested in analyzing the onomatopoeia contained in "Doctor Dolittle" novel by Hugh Lofting which was chosen as the object of this thesis because the term onomatopoeia is rarely known by the general public, even though onomatopoeia is actually often used in the surrounding environment. Examples include the sound of a chicken, a duck, a laugh, a cry, etc. Therefore, the authors want to make research based on experiences that occur in the environment. 4

B. Identification of the study
As for some of the points that will be analyzed in this paper, including :

C. Scope and Limitation
This study focuses about onomatopoeia words found in the Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting. After finding out the onomatopoeia words, the writer will identify about what types of onomatopoeia used in the Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting and determine the dominant types of onomatopoeia. The writer also analyze about how to identify onomatopoeia words found in the Doctor Dolitle novel by Hugh Lofting.

D. Formulation of the Problem
Based on background of the study above, it can be arranged the problems of the study are as follows: 1. What types of onomatopoeia are found in Doctor Dolittle Novel ?
2. Why onomatopoeia used in Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting?
3. How the outhor describe the onomatopoeia word in his novel?

E. Objective of the Study
Based on the problem formulations above, there are three objectives,

F. Significance of the Study
The researcher really hopes that the study on onomatopoeia has some benefits to the researcher himself and to the readers in general. It is expected to have theoretical and practical significances.

Theoretically
The results of this study are expected to increase readership especially for English children and lovers of literary works, and can enrich reader understanding, enrich references in onomatopoeia.

Practically
This study can be served as reference for the students and giving better understanding about onomatopoeia and process to identify the onomatopoeia in literary works such novel.As the additional information for the readers about the English language onomatopoeia in literary works.For others researchers who want to do the further research can use this study as the reference and relevant study in similar topic.

A. Theoretical Framework
In this chapter, the researcher presented the previous finding about onomatopoeia, pertinent ideas include explanation about novel, some genres in novel and definition of onomatopoeia, types of onomatopoeia. The researcher also explained about Doctor. Dolittle Novel.

Semantic
Semantics is a branch of linguistics which relates with meaning. Semantics is considered as a study of meaning in language. It deals with the expression of linguistic objects such as word, phrases and sentences. It does not pay attention to the syntactical arrangement or pronounciation of linguistic object. As states by Katz (1972 : 1), "Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning. It is concered with what sentence and other linguistics object express, not with the arrangement with their syntactic parts or with their pronounciation." Semantics has long been an object of study within the philosophy. It is said that the term semantics itself was introduced into English at the end of the 19th century. Based on etimology, the word semantics originally comes from Greek word semantikos means 'significant' semainein means 'to show, signify' or 'indicated by sign'; from sema means 'sign'. However the word 'meaning' has awide range of perceptions and there is no general agreement among expert obout the way in which it should be described. There are some term semantics in various defenition by some experts, they are: Palmer (1976 : 1) states "Semantics is the technical term used to refer to study of meaning." Hornby (1972 : 789) has defined "Semantics is branch of linguistics concerned with studying the meaning of words and sentences." Lexical semantic is a branch of semantics that deals with word meanings (George Yule, 1996). Saeed (2003:53) defines lexical semantics as the study of the meaning of words and traditionally has two descriptive objectives: to represent the meaning of each word in a language, and to test how the meanings of words are interrelated. Lexical semantic fits in with linguistic in various ways. Some of the most common ways are: (1) as sub-modules in the semantic course; (2) as part of a vocabulary/lexicology course, including morphology, etymology, lexicography, and semantics; (3) as a free-standing course. There are two basic questions that lexical semantic might discuss: (1) how to explain the meaning of words, and (2) how to explain the diversity of meanings from context to context.
Both must be related, because adequate descriptions of meaning must be able to support variation and the ability to interpret it. The study of contextual variation leads in two directions: to the process of selecting permanently available possibilities and for the creation of new meanings from the old.
Lexical semantic has been defined as the study of the meaning of words, but in practice it is often more specifically related to the study of the meaning of lexical words. This means that lexical semantic is most interested in the open-classes of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. The unit of analysis in lexical semantics is a lexical unit that includes not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even combined words and phrases. The lexical unit includes a catalog of words in the language. Lexical semantic shows how the meaning of lexical units correlates with the structure of language or syntax.

Onomotopoeia
Doft (2008:4) defines onomatopoeia as a form of sound that named by its object that imitates the natural sound inproducing. Onomatopoeia has different meaning in every country particularly animal sond. Beside that, Kambara (2010:1) states that onomatopoeia words represent states, movements, feelings, emotions, and their expression to make the words more life. Doft (2008:4) defines onomatopoeia as a form of sound that named by its object that imitates the natural sound inproducing. Onomatopoeia has different mening in every country particularly animal sond. Beside that, Kambara (2010:1) states that onomatopoeia words represent states, movements, feelings, emotions, and their expression to make the words more life. Jorden in Martin (2002:54) says that onomatopoeia in often used express an impression in a personal. Onomatopoeia is an expression of the speaker that explains a sound with word. Futhermore, Sugahara (2010:1) has a notion that onomatopoeia is a special language expression because its phonological from appears to be more directly associated with its meaning. Its different from Sugahara, Seyyedi (2013:1) has a notion that onomatopoeia, the imitative making of words from natural sounds, is a common phenomenon found in all language of the world. Dofs (2008:5) also says that onomatopoeia is a from of auditory icon sign, a name for an object which is made from animation of the sound it produces.
Based on the reseacher onomatopoeia is onomatopoeia are words which, when spoken, are an imitation of the sound produced by a particular object.
onomatopoeia itself means a word or group of words that mimic sounds such as animal sounds, knocking sounds, gun sounds, etc.

Types of Onomatopoeia
The researcher of use Bredin's theory as the main theory who divides onomatopoeia into three types. The categorization according to Bredin was conducted based on the relation between verbal sound and meaning differentiated into referent, denotation, and cannotation (Bredin, 1996:558) a. Direct Onomatopoeia The first type is direct onomatopoeia. It is a word that is similar to the sound of an object. Bredin states that the criteria required for this type are: 1) the denotation of a word is a class of sound, 2) the sound of the word resembles a class member. Examples of direct types are bang, cluck, and hiss. Members of this type have an acoustic resemblance to the object with which they are associated.
This similarity in some onomatopoeic words differs in the degree of acoustic similarity. Some words may have a high or low degree of similarity.
Direct Onomatopoeia can also be interpreted as an imitation of a real sound. These types are always used by outsiders in every comic. genre, but the frequency is found in the action genre.

b. Associative Onomatopoeia
The second type is associative onomatopoeia, which is related to the sound associated with the object pointed to by the word. As Bredin put it, association is just a matter of degree such as akoutik similarity, and also a matter of convention whip, scratch, splatter, cackle, cough, whisper. This type is rarely found in superheroes or other action genres, but is sometimes used in novels that talk about animals or science fiction.

c. Exemplary Onomatopoeia
The third exemplary onomatopoeia which is related with word uttered in physical work. The words are categorized based on the amount and character of the efforts of the speaker in uttering the words. For instance nimble and dart convey less effort compared to the words sluggish and slothful. All these words are adjectives which define ability to move but they differ in the amount of effort conveyed by their meaning. In further analysis, the words nimble and dart are synonyms, having the property of (+quick). On the other hands, the words sluggish and slothful have the quality of (+slow) in its meaning. It creates sense in the meaning of suggish and slothful that the muscular and pulmonary effort to utter the word is needed much more than the other two words.
In other word exemplary Onomatopoeia is form of word that imitates a real sound based on the physical work or the quantity of the sound it represents.
Examples : nimble, dart, slothful, sluggish, mumble. This type is difficult to find in every single genre of novel.

Definition of Novel
Novel is a story which tells about someone life. Novels do not, however, present a documentary picture of life. Alongside the fact that novels look at people in society, the other major characteristic of the genre is that novels tell a story. In fact, novels tend to tell the some few stories time and time. The source or the inspiration of writing novel can be a based on true story.
According to The Shorter Oxford Dictionary, novel is"a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length in which characters and actions representative of real life are portrayed in a plot of more or less complexity" (as cited in Rees, 1973, p.10). Novel contains story which describes human experiences or events that might happened in real life or imaginary idea. This kind of literary work is different with short story, poetry, drama and another genre of literature. Each of them had very much in common though theoritically was different one another.
Novel has some major genres, including romance, mystery, science fiction, fantasy, westerns, horror, thriller and historical. Novel could express something freely and present the story even more detail. People will get more impressed on what the story tells them about. It can be by the genre , characterization, or the way how the author arranged the plot.

The use Onomatopoeia in The Novel
The word onomatopoeia is usually only considered a feature of expression in a novel. Generally, the word onomatopoeia is difficult for us to describe how the word forms. Therefore, the word onomatopoeia can be written and presented visually. Using onomatopoeic words saves words and space and makes sentences imaginative. Onomatopoeia is also used in slang. Solikha (2007) identified onomatopoeia as a feature of slang. For example bu, icky, yucky, dweeb, etc. The use of onomatopoeia in novels can expand its function, not only in writing but in verb language. Onomatopoeia is also categorized assound pattern on style; he states that his onomatopoe is a feature of sound patterns that are often thought to form bridgesbetween 'style' and 'content' (Simpson, 2004: 67). In other words, a writer wants to convey content using onomatopoeia as a style. Onomatopoeia is a term for signing the creation of words that resemble real-life sounds. Words that reflect real soundslife is called onomatopoeic words.The Story of Doctor Dolittle,

Being the History of His Peculiar Life at Home and Astonishing Adventures in
Foreign Parts (1920), written and illustrated by the British author Hugh Lofting , is the first of his Doctor Dolittle books, a series of children's novels about a man who learns to talk to animals and becomes their champion around the world.

Phonology
Phonology is the system of contrastive relationship among the fundamental speech sounds of a language items including foreign accent such as stress, rhythm, intonation and speech sounds. Phonology is also described as the study of speech sounds in a particular language. Odden (2005: 2) defines phonology as a study of the soundstructure of a language. There are some phonological feature appear in onomatopoeia words. Dofs (2008:5) explain that sometime onomatopoeia can be connected to clusters sounds which contain of -sn, such as seeze, siff, and snuffle.
the sound combination spelled -sh also has its own pattern of associations. it relates the sound to a sudden, loud sound or a rapid, a noise or action that is broken down into a mixed mass of smashing or rustling sound, tubulent, destructive motion such as dash, crash, slash, and smash. it is not that is associated with the weakness and u is associated with strong, but the relation correlates to the relation between small and big. for example dong is deeper in the sound ding, clank than clink, and chip is slighter action than chop.

Lexical and Contextual Meaning
Onomatopoeia words often change their meaning. Therefore, semantic identification of onomatopoeic words is more tentative than formal identification.
There are two interpretations related to the meaning of onomatopoeia, they are lexical meaning and contextual meaning.

a. Lexical Meaning
Taylor in Laili (35: 2008) lexical meaning refers to the dictionary definition.
Onomatopoeia words have many synonyms, such as Ch-boom and which have meaning the sound of explosion. Onomatopoeia also has multi meaning such as crack which has some meaning as thing cracking or someone is being punch.

b. Contextual Meaning
As'ad in Laili (36: 2007) contextual meaning is the meaning of word in particular situations and certainly in different kind of context. It might be a reason, justification, assumption, explanation, or other function of the context. The context of sound may often provide enough clues to comprehension. Moreover, Widdowson (36: 2008) said that onomatopoeia words are considered as symbolic language, therefore, the meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

B. Previous Relevant Studies
There are some research studies about onomatopoeia that had been conducted before and relevant in this study. And the difference of both of the study is the study above discussed about onomatopoeia in a comic while this study discussed onomatopoeia in a novel.

C. Conceptual Framework
In the previous discussion, there were some data in the form of understanding onomatopoeia, types of onomatopoiea, use of the word onomatopoeia, words to be studied and some expert explanations about onomatopoeia. In onomatopoeia itself there are several methods and techniques in gathering data about onomatopoeia.
Semantics and phonology are two terms in Linguistics: the study of Universal Grammar. As it is, whereas "semantics" is the study of meanings in language, "phonology" is the study of the sound-system of languages, especially the description of the changes of sounds in a language. So, the obvious relationship between semantics and phonology lies in the fact that whereas phonology, on the

A. The Research Design
This study used descriptive qualitative method. According to Mukhtar (2013 : 10) a descriptive qualitative research method is a method used by researchers to find knowledge or theories of research at one particular time. This method is used because the research data in the form of words and phrases.
Qualitative research methods do not provide numbers or statistics but depend on how researchers' knowledge in analyzing data. In this study, the authors only collected, identified, and analyzed data.

B. The Source of Data
The source of data in this research were obtained from the Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting. The reseacher took all the types of onomatopoeia from the Doctor Dolittlenovel.And the data used in this study are 38 words that are categorized asonomatopoeia.

C. The Technique of Collecting Data
In collecting the data for analyzing this research, researcher gathered references that supported the subject matter of the data and apply some steps. The techniques for collecting data were conducted to get information which needed to support the goals of research. The technique for collecting the data was note taking technique. The steps of data collecting are follows: Reading the whole story of novel entitled Doctor Dolittle several times in order to get full understanding about what the story was. Finding out the word onomatopoeia in Doctor Dolittle Novel. Selecting and picking the data up which related to the problems.Finally, conducting and analyzing the collected data and making conclusion.

D. The Technique of Data Analysis
Data analysis uses the analysis model from Miles and Huberman (1994:12) which divides analysis activities into several part, namely: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion or data verification. The diagram can be seen as the below: Generally, data analysis in this research will conduct through the stages as follows: 1. Collecting the information or data by identifying words that contain onomatopoeia words.

B. Data Analysis
The steps used by the writer to identify the Onomatopoeia words in the Doctor Dolittle novel by Hugh Lofting based on the research system developed by Miles and Huberman (1994:12), which are: 1) Data Collections; 2) Data Presentation; 3) Data Verification; 4) Data Reduction. Based on that system, the writer will answers all the problems of the study with collecting the information or data by identifying words that contain onomatopoeia words, Carefully and classifying the categories of each group of words then the words were placed in a table according to each classification, After being classified according to their categories, count the words in each column in the table and the total words to get the number of diminant onomatopoeia types, Lastly, concludes the data.

The types of onomatopoeia are found in Doctor Dolittle novel
After identifying the source of data, it was found 38 words which were types as onomatopoeia. The data was classified into the types of onomatopoeia as seen in the following table below:

a. Direct Onomatopoeia
Direct Onomatopoeia is a word that is similar to the sound of an object. Direct onomatopoeia can be used the interpreted as an imitation of a real sound. An easy way to recognize the word Direct Onomatopoeia is when you have different perceptions of the word onomatopoeia with other people.
The onomatopoeia word Heigh ho! in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "Sighed the parrot" right after the sentence.

Ah yes, indeed!murmured the Doctordreamily.
The onomatopoeia word Ah yes! in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description "murmured the Doctor dreamily" right after the sentence

b. Associative Onomatopoeia
Associative onomatopoeia which is related to the sound associated with the object pointed to by the word. Associative Onomatopoeia representation of the sound associated with a group of people. Most Associative Onomatopoeia represent animal sounds or other related sounds As i passed under an apple-tree I heard a voice i knew well. Pst! Tommy The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the statement pst! Tommy right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Huh!grunted Cheapside
The onomatopoeia word Huh! in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "grunted 45 Cheapside"right after the sentencethat has the word onomatopoeia in it..

c. Exemplary Onomatopoeia
Exemplary onomatopoeia which is related with word uttered in physical work.
The words are categorized based on the amount and character of the efforts of the speaker in uttering the words.

Humph!mutteredCheapsidethoughtfully.
The onomatopoeia word Humph in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplary onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explain the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "mutteredCheapsidethoughtfully" right after the sentence.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplay onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description "sighed Too-Too" right after the sentence.

Lofting
The author's use of onomatopoeia in the novel is intended by the author to add realism, or flavor, to any bland picture panel with only a text bubble floating above it. This means bringing liveliness to the scene, such as audio, to the metion image. An example for this is the "bang-bang" which depicts a window slamming against a railing. The author can also give nuances, similar to the animal character in a fable that is able to speak and convey feelings.
In Doctor Dolittle's novels, most contexts use non-reduplications such as the word "Phew" on page 103, the word "Hafrican Hedgehog" on page 115, the word "Goo-Goo" on page 239. Also found the word "Err" on page 187, researcher also 45 found reduplication words such as, "Splash-Splash" on page 143 and "Humph" on page 174, also included in the sentence.
The onomatopoeia word hulloa in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the descrrption "Icried" right after the sentence.

As i passed under an apple-tree I heard a voice i knew well. Pst! Tommy
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the statement pst!Tommy right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word Huh! in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "grunted the parrot" righ after the sentencethat has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Heigh ho!,Don't i know? Sighed the parrot.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "sighed the parrot" right after the sentecethat has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "murmured the Doctor dreamily".
Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "snapped polynesia the parrot".
Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word Oh in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplay onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description "sighed Too-Too". Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Hah!giggledCheapsidewithacheekychirp.
The onomatopoeia word Hah! in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplay onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "giggled cheapside".
Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it. can also be used to convey feelings. The word onomatopoeia has a meaning related to type and theory. First, the researcher looks at the meaning to find out whether the meaning is related to theory or not. Second, the researcher decided the types contained in the novel. And lastly, whether or not it is compatible with the theory that has been found. So that researchers can connect the meaning of words and meanings contained in the novel.

Identifiying how the author describe the onomatopoeia word in his novel
Onomatopoeia refers to words or phrases with different but related meanings.
A word can be a Onomatopoeia word if it can be used to deliver a different meaning. The differences between these meanings can sometimes be noticeable and delicate and also sometimes it is difficult to identify whether a word contains a onomatopoiea form or not because the relation between the words can be a little hazy and unclear. However, determining whether a word contain a polysemy form or not can be helped by interpreting the origin form of the word.
According to the expert which was taken in the journal of onomatopoeia Words by Bredin's (1996:558) theory as the main theory who divides onomatopoeia into three types. In the categorization according to Bredin was conducted based on the relation between verbal sound and meaning differentiated into referent, denotation, and conotation.
In this sentence the author explains the onomatopoeic word by adding a description such as "humph" after the onomatopoeic word. The following is an explanation in the onomatopoeic sentence.

Humph!mutteredCheapsidethoughtfully.
The onomatopoeia word Humph! in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplary onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "Cheapside thoughtfully". Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia wordhulloain the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the explanation why "cheapside i cried" right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it. 45 As i passed under an apple-tree I heard a voice i knew well. Pst! Tommy!
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the statement pst!Tommy right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word Huh! in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "grunted the parrot".
Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Heigh ho!,Don't i know? Sighed the parrot.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "sighed the parrot". Right after the sentence that has sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Oh,lumme!,i think i know what's coming.
The onomatopoeia word Oh, lumme in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the description "i know what is coming". Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Pshaw!Such ignorance sniffed Too-Too.
The onomatopoeia wordPshaw in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novelexplains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "such ignorance sniffed Too-Too".
Right after the sentence which has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word Snuff in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the description "black rappe snuff". Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description"yelled Gub-Gub"right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

Junganyika!they cried together
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplary onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeic word by giving the description "they cried together" right after the sentence that has the onomatopoeic word in it.
Did you think it was father christmas? Growled the scrapy voice.

Gosh!whatanight!
The onomatopoeia word Gosh! in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "what a night" what a night! right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
In that way boobah became the word forapple in their new language.
The onomatopoeia word in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author of the novel explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the description "the word for apple" right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Oh, no!croaked the black bird.
The onomatopoeia word Oh, no! in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description "croaked the black bird"right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Erthat will come to, er for a moment i could not hear his words as he mumbled alittlearithmetic.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplary onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the statement Erthat will come to right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The weary gang would come back to rest, and a fresh lot wouldplopplopintothewaterand disappear.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the description would plop plop in to the water right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
This was the plop, plop splash splash,as all those great beasts un sixes and sevens, threw themselves offthe land into my note-book.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the description splash splash as all those great right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
And sure enough, a long wayoff we could both hear afainthoarse sort of cry c-

r-a-r-k!C-r-a-r-k!
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the writer explains the onomatopoeia word by giving the description hoarse sort of cry c-r-a-r-k! C-r-ar-k!Right after the sentence that had the onomatopoeia in it. 45 The listening cheapside (i hadthought he was asleep) opened one eye andmuttered.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplary onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the word onomatopoeia by giving the description opened one eye and muttered.Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Then gaza would shake her head and say, Bah-bah.So in the end they would mix the two sounds and call it aboobah.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the associative type of onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeic word by giving the description her head and say, Bah-bah. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Swing her due west, the bird interruptedquickly.Duewest, Doctor hurry!
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Due west, Doctor hurry!. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Do you remember how upset she got about that crocodile you kept? Ah yes, indeed! murmured the Doctordreamily.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Ah yes!. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
cockneychatterbox! snapped polynesia the parrot. I'd hate to tell youwhat i would like to do with youifyou don't keep quiet.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description cockney chatterbox! Snapped. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplay onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Oh, gracious sighed. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
But the doctor stammered, how many!

Hah!giggledCheapsidewithacheekychirp.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplay onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Hah! giggled Cheapside . Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Tee, hee, hee! tittered the white mouse. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Huh! grunted the London sparrow. That, my old Mudlark is somethin' i really understand. Becky pretended not to hear while the doctor whispered.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Huh! grunted the London sparrow. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
Did you think it was father christmas? Growled the scrapy voice.

Gosh!what a night!
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of exemplary onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description Gosh! what a night!. Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.
She said it in a quiet, off-handish sort of way, as though telling us she thought it might rain. But the doctor stammered, how many! Hah! giggled cheapside with a cheeky chirp.
The word onomatopoeia in the sentence above is included in the type of direct onomatopoeia. In the sentence above, the author explains the onomatopoeia by giving the description "how many, Hah! giggled cheapside with a cheeky chirp." Right after the sentence that has the word onomatopoeia in it.

C. Finding
After all the data were analyzed based on the three research problems, the findings were described as follows:

A. Conclusion
After analyzed the entire data, there are some conclusions that are concluded by the writer as follows: 1. Onomatopoeia based on Bredin's (1996:558)

B. Suggestion
There are some suggestion can be considered in connection with the result of the data analysis as following : 1. For the students especially for English Department the researcher suggests if you want to do analysis the onomatopoeia to be more carefully because it's not as simple as we think to analyze the onomatopoeia. Each types of onomatopoeia has their own rule and pattern. There are many sentences that we think part of onomatopoeia types but in fact it couldn't be as the onomatopoeia.
2. For the teachers that want to teach the students about the word of onomatopoeia, it can use novel, comic, and movie in order to overcome to boredom of the students, especially in the Doctor Dolittle novel, because this novel teaches us that there are so many onomatopoeia words what we often say whitout realizing it.
3. The researcher realized that this study is still far from perfection, because the limit of her knowledge and ability in collecting the types of onomatopoeia. The researcher accept all the critics and suggestion from the readers on order for making better this analysis.
At the same time he was eating cake-crumbs from a plate the Doctor had used last night. "Why, hulloa, Cheapside!" I cried.
That's one of the reasons i fear he is getting discouraged over the work he has been busy on ever since we got back from the moon. "Humph!" muttered Cheapside thoughtfully.
While these upsetting thoughts ran through my mind, I was walking across the big lawn at the back of the house. As i passed under an apple-tree I heard a voice i knew well. "Pst! Tommy!" But now my goodness, i can't remember but it's simply ages since he came and asked for my help with the books. "Huh!" grunted the parrot.
"Heigh ho!", Don't i know? Sighed the parrot. Sometimes i wonder how John Dolittle is alive today, when i think how he worked alone at the doctoring business before he had you to help him.
But you see, they were foreigners from some hot country and they always used palm-leaves shredded out, you know for building their nets with. "Oh, lumme"!, i think i know what's coming, i heard Cheapside whisper.
"Pshaw! Such ignorance" sniffed Too-Too. A drop a water falling of the ceiling would have made ten times as much noise.
As soon as the boy pulled it out, Jip shouted, "Snuff, by Jingo! Black Rappe snuff. Dont you smell it? His uncle took snuff, ask him Doctor." The white mouse was clinging to the pig's neck like a jockey on a race-horse.
"Hey!" yelled Gub-Gub. In the green tunnel of that jungled-shaded river no sound broke the silence but the regular plash plash of our paddles.
She said it in a quiet, off-handish sort of way, as though telling us she thought it might rain. But the doctor stammered, how many! "Hah!" giggled cheapside with a cheeky chirp.
"Er that will come to, er" for a moment i could not hear his words as he mumbled a little arithmetic.
The weary gang would come back to rest, and a fresh lot would plop plop into the water and disappear.
This was the plop, plop "splash splash", as all those great beasts un sixes and sevens, threw themselves off the land into my note-book.
"Sh! Cant you see i'm gettin' drowsy? Bye, bye i you may call me in aprilif the weather's good." Then gaza would shake her head and say, "Bah-bah." So in the end they would mix the two sounds and call it a boobah.
Folks in love get along simply with "Goo, goo!" and such stuff, but now these two had to talk really sensibly.
So in the end they would mix the two sounds and call it a "boobah". And in that way boobah became the word for apple in their new language.
"Huh!" grunted the London sparrow. That, my old Mudlark is somethin' i really understand. Becky pretended not to hear while the doctor whispered.
Makes me feel i ought to be flyin' around over em in me night-shirt, blowin' a trumpet. "Tee, hee, hee!" tittered the white mouse.
The listening cheapside (i had thought he was asleep) opened one eye and muttered.
"cockney chatterbox"! snapped polynesia the parrot. Sounds more to me like a sign of softening of the brain.
Becky pretended not to hear while the Doctor whispered, "Hush, cheapside!" a little more respect, please.
Ah oh, but isn't it a relief to feel your legs free, where it's deep enough for swimming? I suppose so, was all she answered.
"Oh, no!" croaked the black bird. This is only a lake. If you keep on swimming for two or three hours more, the way you are now. you should come in sight of land on the other side.
It used to be easy: hen bird sits on the eggs and cok-bird sits on a limb near by singing : tra, la tra la! Twiddle dee tweet! Oh gracious! He broke off in a cough.
"Junganyika!" they cried together, cramming the fruit into their starving mouths. So it was that the word passed into their new language, both as the name for dates as well as for the lae in which i found them and lake Junganyika men still call it to this day.
It used to be easy: hen bird sits on the eggs and cok-bird sits on a limb near by singing : tra, la tra la! Twiddle dee tweet! Oh gracious! He broke off in a cough.