Penggunaan Sunscreen  Berhubungan Terhadap Kejadian Sunburn Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2022

Nurul Hidayah; Riri Arisanty Syafrin Lubis

doi:10.30596/jph.v8i2.30067

Penggunaan Sunscreen Berhubungan Terhadap Kejadian Sunburn Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2022

Nurul Hidayah, Riri Arisanty Syafrin Lubis

Abstract

Abstrak : Penggunaan sunscreen, baik yang kimia maupun fisik, memberikan perlindungan terhadap dampak sinar matahari, mengurangi risiko sunburn dan dampak negatif lainnya pada kulit. Studi ini mengfokuskan pada hubungan antara penggunaan sunscreen dan kejadian sunburn pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2022, menyoroti pentingnya perlindungan kulit dalam melawan dampak radiasi ultraviolet. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan metode cross-sectional, mengumpulkan data melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 158 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2022. Analisis data melibatkan teknik univariat untuk karakteristik dan bivariat dengan uji Pearson untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara perilaku penggunaan sunscreen dan kejadian sunburn. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas dilakukan pada 161 responden penelitian menggunakan uji Pearson Product Moment dan Cronbach’s Alpha, dengan semua item kuisioner memiliki nilai r-hitung lebih tinggi dari 0,1538 sehingga dianggap valid. Selanjutnya, nilai Cronbach’s Alpha untuk variabel pengetahuan sunscreen (0,695), perilaku penggunaan sunscreen (0,870), dan kejadian sunburn (0,843) menunjukkan reliabilitas yang baik karena semua nilainya di atas 0,6. Analisis univariat mengungkapkan mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan dan perilaku penggunaan sunscreen yang tinggi, sedangkan kejadian sunburn masih dialami oleh sebagian besar responden. Hubungan antara perilaku penggunaan sunscreen dan kejadian sunburn ditemukan signifikan (p-value = 0,044) dengan korelasi lemah (-0,159), menunjukkan semakin tinggi perilaku penggunaan sunscreen, semakin rendah kejadian sunburn. Hasil uji Pearson menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara perilaku penggunaan sunscreen dan kejadian sunburn, meskipun dengan hubungan yang lemah, namun penggunaan sunscreen secara signifikan berkontribusi dalam mengurangi kejadian sunburn. Tipe kulit, khususnya tipe III dan IV, berperan dalam efektivitas sunscreen dengan perlindungan lebih baik, sementara subjek kulit tipe I tidak terdapat dalam penelitian ini. Analisis univariat memperinci karakteristik subjek, menunjukkan mayoritas responden perempuan dengan pengetahuan dan perilaku penggunaan sunscreen yang tinggi. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan perlindungan kulit.

Keywords

Sunburn, sunscreen, tipe kulit Fitzpatrick

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jph.v8i2.30067

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.30596/jph.v8i2.30067.g15645

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