Isolasi dan Inventarisasi Cendawan Endofit pada Tanaman Tomat

Maimuna Nontji, Marliana Palad, Wulan Diniarti, Saidah Saidah, Aminah Aminah

Abstract


Pengendalian penyakit dengan menggunakan cendawan endofit sebagai agens hayati yang hidup pada jaringan tomat merupakan tindakan yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menginventarisasi cendawan endofit pada akar, batang dan daun tomat, dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan proses identifikasi. Sampel diambil dari Desa Erelembang Kecamatan Tombolo Pao Kabupaten Gowa. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan sistem diagonal, masing-masing tiga tanaman yang dipisahkan antara bagian akar, batang dan daun. Total keseluruhan sampel 45 unit. Metode uji Blotter digunakan untuk mendapatkan isolate murni. Hasil inventarisasi isolate pada bagian akar dan batang tomat memiliki persamaan, yaitu secara makroskopis koloni isolate pada permukaan atas berwarna hitam dan tekstur seperti benang. Secara mikroskopis memiliki konidia spora yang berbentuk bulat, hifa hialin dan tidak bersepta. Pada isolate bagian daun, secara makroskopis memiliki permukaan atas berwarna abu-abu kebiruan dan hijau, dengan tekstur seperti kapas dan tepung. Secara mikroskopis, konidia spora berbentu bulat, hifa hialin, dan ada hifa yang memiliki septa dan ada yang tidak. Berdasarkan dari 20 isolate murni yang teridentifikasi sebagai cendawan endofit, diperoleh tiga jenis spesies, yaitu (1) Rhizopus oligosporus ditemukan pada akar dan batang, (2) Aspergillus flavus ditemukan pada akar, batang dan daun, dan (3) Aspergillus fumigatus ditemukan pada daun tomat.


Keywords


Agen hayati, Aspergillus, erelembang, rhizopus.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/agrium.v26i1.13736

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