Penggunaan Biochar Limbah Kelapa Muda dan Kompos terhadap Produktivitas Kedelai
Abstract
Limbah kelapa muda merupakan salah satu biomassa yang melimpah, namun pemanfaatannya belum optimal. Limbah ini berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biochar. Aplikasi biochar dari limbah kelapa muda dapat memperbaiki kondisi tanah pertanian serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Di sisi lain, kompos merupakan salah satu jenis pupuk organik yang dapat dikombinasikan dengan biochar. Namun, penggunaan kombinasi biochar dan kompos pada tanaman kedelai masih jarang dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian biochar limbah kelapa muda dan kompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Indra Jaya, Pidie, pada bulan Agustus hingga November 2023. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) secara Faktorial, dengan dua faktor yaitu biochar limbah kelapa muda (B) dan kompos (K). Biochar terdiri atas tiga taraf: B0 = tanpa biochar (kontrol), B1 = 5 t ha-1, dan B2 = 10 t ha-1; sedangkan kompos juga terdiri atas tiga taraf: K0 = tanpa kompos (kontrol), K1 = 5 t ha-1, dan K2 = 10 t ha-1. Peubah yang diamati meliputi jumlah cabang, tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, berat biji per tanaman, berat 100 butir biji, dan jumlah polong per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah cabang tanaman kedelai meningkat sebesar 16,77% pada pemberian biochar dosis 10 t ha-1 dibandingkan tanpa biochar, dan meningkat sebesar 10,42% pada pemberian kompos dosis 10 t ha-1 dibandingkan tanpa kompos. Selain itu, berat 100 butir biji kedelai meningkat sebesar 10,83% pada pemberian biochar dosis 10 t ha-1 dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa biochar.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/agrium.v28i1.21319
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