Proceeding International Seminar of Islamic Studies
Proceeding International Seminar of Islamic Studies is an annual international conference held by Faculty of Islamic Studies Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. This conference is designed to accelerate the increase of knowledge, especially in the fields of: Islamic religious education, Islamic thought, Information Technology, Islamic law, social and politics and economics. INSIS is considered one of the greatest conferences in UMSU. It is proven by its success in inviting prominent researchers, scholars, and lecturers across the globe to present diverse topics. The objective of INSIS is to exchange and share ideas and research findings among presenters and audiences. Moreover, it serves as an open forum to discuss the most recent trends, innovations, challenges faced, and solutions adopted in the scope of Islamic religious education, Islamic thought, Information Technology, Islamic law, social and politics and economics. Proceedings of the International Seminar of Islamic Studies has been indexed: Google Scholar || Portal Garuda || Moraref || Copernicus || Dimensions || Crossref.
ROLE AND FUNCTIONS OF NOTARIES/LAND DEED OFFICIALS (PPAT) IN FIRST-TIME LAND REGISTRATION
Land registration is a crucial stage in Indonesia's agrarian legal system, aiming to provide legal certainty regarding land status. Notaries and Land Deed Officials (PPAT) play a crucial role in the initial land registration process. The role of Notaries/PPATs in initial land registration is crucial, as they are responsible for ensuring that all documents and legal requirements are met before the land is legally registered. This article aims to examine the role and function of Notaries/PPATs in initial land registration and to evaluate the implementation of initial land registration based on applicable provisions in Indonesia. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that although the role of Notaries/PPATs in initial land registration is clear, there are several challenges and obstacles in its implementation that need to be addressed to improve the quality and efficiency of land registration services.
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LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST BUSINESS ACTORS WHO INCREASE PRICES DURING NATURAL DISASTERS
Natural disasters are one of the major problems facing humanity, damaging the environment and claiming human lives. There are two main factors contributing to natural disasters: internal and external factors. The research method is normative-juridical. Deductive research begins with an analysis of the articles in the laws and regulations governing the aforementioned issues. Juridical research refers to research that draws on library research. Normative research aims to gain normative knowledge about the relationship between one regulation and another. The sudden price increase coinciding with a cyclone constitutes an unfair price offer and is also intentionally detrimental to consumers because the demand for goods increases, leaving consumers with no choice but to purchase the goods, ultimately resulting in the entrepreneur earning multiple profits from the fair price. Therefore, the entrepreneur has violated Article 10 paragraph (a) of Law No. 8 of 1999. Based on the description above, the implementation of government responsibilities ranges from disaster risk reduction to disaster recovery. According to Articles 6 and 8 of the Disaster Management Law, government responsibilities extend from protecting the public from the impacts of disasters to ensuring the fulfillment of public rights, while adhering to the principle of justice. Another indicator of concern is the allocation of the disaster management budget, both within the National Budget (APBN) and Regional Budgets (APBD), as well as the allocation of funds in the form of ready funds. The difference in authority between the two lies in the scope of policy. Regional governments are specifically mandated to manage disasters within their own regions, while the central government, in addition to determining disaster status levels, is more responsible for formulating national-scale policies, which must align with national development policies.
THE EFFECT OF INCLUSIVE PARTICIPATION OF MARGINALIZED GROUPS AND WOMEN IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AGRARIAN REFORM FOR COMMUNITY WELFARE BASED ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)
Agrarian reform, as a method to solve agrarian problems, has a crucial role in overcoming economic inequality in Indonesia and realizing equitable welfare for all citizens. This research aims to analyze the effect of inclusive participation of marginalized groups and women in the implementation of agrarian reform on equitable distribution of community welfare based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this context, inclusive participation is not only about involving marginalized groups and women in the decision-making process, but also ensuring that their voices and interests are fairly and equally represented at every stage of agrarian reform implementation. This study uses the normative law research method. In accordance with the types and properties of his research, the data sources used are secondary data consisting of primary law materials and secondary law materials consisting of books, scientific journals, papers and scientific articles that can give explanation about primary law materials.
THE INFLUENCE OF PEER PRESSURE ON CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION WITH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH (eWOM) AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
This study aims to examine the influence of peer pressure on conspicuous consumption, with electronic word of mouth (eWOM) serving as an intervening variable. In the digital age, consumer behavior is increasingly shaped not only by direct social interactions but also by virtual peer influence through social media platforms. Peer pressure, particularly among youth and digital-native consumers, often leads individuals to engage in conspicuous consumption to gain social approval. This research employs a quantitative approach using survey data collected from active social media users who frequently engage in product-related discussions online. The results show that peer pressure has a significant positive effect on conspicuous consumption, and this relationship is partially mediated by eWOM. The findings suggest that eWOM intensifies the impact of peer pressure by amplifying social comparison and visibility of consumption behaviors. This study contributes to the understanding of digital-era consumer behavior and offers insights for marketers aiming to build socially engaging brand strategies.
STRATEGY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING TEACHERS IN INTEGRATING ISLAMIC VALUES IN COUNSELING SERVICES AT AL-IKHLASIAH SCHOOL
This study aims to analyze the strategies of guidance and counseling teachers in integrating Islamic values into counseling services at Al-Ikhlasiah School. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with case studies, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of guidance and counseling teachers, principals, Islamic Religious Education teachers, and students. The results of the study indicate that guidance and counseling teachers implement a counseling curriculum development strategy based on Islamic values, individual and group counseling approaches with spiritual content, role models in counseling practices, and collaboration with religious teachers and parents. The main challenges faced include differences in religious understanding, limited training, and lack of family support. Nevertheless, the integration of Islamic values has been shown to increase the effectiveness of counseling services and contribute positively to the formation of students' noble character. This study recommends increasing professional training and strengthening synergy between schools, families, and communities to optimize counseling services based on Islamic values.
JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF VALIDITY ONLINE-BASED AGREEMENT (ELECTRONIC CONTRACT) IN INDONESIA
This research aims to analyze the juridical aspects related to the validity of online-based agreements (electronic contracts) in Indonesia, considering the rapid development of digital technology that has changed the paradigm of transactions and public legal relations. Electronic contracts are now one of the main instruments in commercial, administrative, and public service activities. To be valid, electronic contracts must meet legal requirements as stipulated in the Civil Code, the ITE Law, and its derivative regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions. This research uses a normative juridical approach by examining laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and case studies of court decisions. The results show that although Indonesia's legal framework has accommodated electronic contracts, there are still challenges in the aspects of proof, consent of the parties, transaction security, and digital consumer protection. This research provides recommendations for strengthening identity verification mechanisms, increasing digital literacy of public law, and harmonizing regulations in order to realize legal certainty in the implementation of electronic contracts.
REGULATION AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR CRIMINAL ACTS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN ACEH PROVINCE
This study analyzes the regulatory framework for combating criminal acts of violence against children in Aceh Province. Through its special autonomy, Aceh implements the Qanun Jinayat as an instrument of Islamic criminal law to address this issue. However, the existing regulatory complexity has not automatically reduced the incidence of child violence. Using a normative legal research method with legislative and case approaches, this study finds that despite a comprehensive legal framework ranging from the Aceh Governance Law, the Child Protection Qanun, to the Jinayat Qanun cases of physical, psychological, sexual violence, and neglect against children actually showed an increasing trend during the 2012-2018 period. A crucial finding reveals that the sanctions in the Jinayat Qanun tend to be lighter than the provisions in the national Child Protection Law, potentially reducing their deterrent effect. The main obstacles lie in weak implementation, ineffective inter-institutional coordination, and a lack of synchronization between local and national criminal law. Therefore, this study recommends the need to strengthen regulatory harmonization, enhance the capacity of law enforcement officials, and improve child protection mechanisms to ensure the effectiveness of combating violence against children in Aceh.
INNOVATION IN THE PUBLISHING OF THE AL-QUR'AN BY SYAAMIL QUR'AN: AN EFFORT TO ENHANCE AL-QUR'AN LITERACY AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
The low level of Al-Qur’an literacy in Indonesia, particularly in terms of access to and understanding of the educational mushaf, is the primary focus of this study. This research aims to describe the publishing innovations introduced by Syaamil Qur'an and to analyze their contribution to improving Al-Qur'an literacy and Education. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that visual, thematic, and digital-based mushaf innovations effectively increase reading interest and literacy skills within educational institutions. These innovations not only strengthen the religious function of the Al-Qur'an but also serve as adaptive and engaging educational tools. The study concludes that innovative mushaf design plays a strategic role in advancing contemporary Islamic Education.
PAI LEARNING APPROACH MULTIDISCIPLINARY IN THE POST DIGITAL ERA
The diversity of external factors also affects the complexity of life problems, so education is a crucial element in answering these challenges. Education not only plays a role as an agent of social change, but also bears a great responsibility to produce excellent graduates who are able to adapt. This strategic role requires the collective support of all stakeholders. On the other hand, the quality of educational output is highly dependent on the learning process in the classroom, which must avoid monotonous patterns to prevent a decrease in students' motivation to learn. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, in particular, is considered to still tend to be monodisciplinary and dogmatic, so it does not encourage the development of dynamic thinking for students. The approach used so far has not integrated a multidisciplinary perspective, which is precisely necessary in the context of the post-digital era. Through the library research method, this study aims to analyze the PAI learning approach in the post-digital era that is relevant to current conditions. The results of the study show the urgency of applying a multidisciplinary approach in PAI learning, which includes psychological, sociocultural, religious, historical, comparative, philosophical, and anthropological aspects. These various approaches not only enrich the understanding of PAI as a discipline, but also serve as an instrument in solving societal problems in a more holistic and contextual manner. Thus, the reconstruction of the PAI learning approach is a must in order to be able to respond to the dynamics of the times without losing its main values.
HOW MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENHANCE MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE ON THE MODERATING EFFECT OF DECENTRALIZATION
This study examines the influence of Management Accounting Information Systems (MAIS) on managerial performance, with decentralization tested as a moderating variable at PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I Medan. Using a quantitative, associative research design, data were collected from all 40 managerial-level employees via a structured questionnaire, using a saturated sampling approach. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS. Results show that MAIS has a significant positive effect on managerial performance, indicating that broad-scope, timely, aggregated, and integrated accounting information enhances managers’ effectiveness in planning, coordinating, evaluating, and controlling organizational activities. However, decentralization does not moderate the relationship between MAIS and managerial performance. The findings suggest that although decentralization grants managers greater autonomy, it does not strengthen the impact of MAIS, possibly due to limited managerial capacity or insufficient alignment between authority distribution and information utilization. This study contributes to the literature by integrating MAIS and decentralization within a single analytical framework in the context of an Indonesian state-owned enterprise. Practical implications highlight the need for organizations to improve information system quality while ensuring managers possess the competencies required to utilize decentralized decision-making effectively.
TRANSFER OF MORTGAGE RIGHTS DUE TO SUBROGATION
Mortgage rights are security rights over land to guarantee repayment of debts by debtors to creditors. In the practice of debt agreements, there can be a transfer of receivables from the old creditor to a third party through a subrogation mechanism. Problems arise when the transferred receivables are guaranteed by mortgage rights, thus raising questions regarding the process of transferring mortgage rights to new creditors. This study aims to analyze the mechanism of transfer of mortgage rights due to subrogation according to positive law in Indonesia, the legal consequences for the parties after subrogation, and the obstacles and solutions in its implementation practice. This study uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach. The results of the study indicate that the transfer of mortgage rights through subrogation is in principle possible, but has not been explicitly regulated in Law Number 4 of 1996 or the Civil Code. Therefore, the transfer requires administrative action in the form of recording and renewing mortgage certificates to ensure legal certainty for new creditors and prevent potential disputes. It is necessary to reformulate norms and improve procedures so that the subrogation mechanism for mortgage rights can be implemented effectively and transparently.
LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF GRANTING GRANTS OF ALL PROPERTY TO ADOPTED CHILDREN ACCORDING TO THE COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAW
A grant is an agreement whereby the grantor during his or her lifetime gives property to someone free of charge or voluntarily without being withdrawn. We also often find various polemics or problems that arise because of it, such as people who give all their property to their adopted children because they are worried that in the future their adopted children will not get an inheritance from them because of the position of the adopted child who is not an heir. Grants according to Islamic law can be made both in writing and orally. It has even been stipulated in Islamic law that gifts in the form of immovable property can be done orally without the use of a written document. The legal consequences arising from the granting of all property to adopted children according to the Compilation of Islamic Law are null and void, because they have violated the provisions of Article 210 paragraph (1), namely that a person who is at least 21 years old of sound mind without coercion can donate a maximum of 1/3 (third) of his property to another person or institution in the presence of two witnesses.
BUILDING DIGITAL RESILIENCE THROUGH ISLAMIC SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING (I-SEL): AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR MUSLIM EARLY CHILDHOOD IN THE POST-DIGITAL ERA
Digital resilience is a critical competency for Muslim early childhood in a post-digital era characterized by rapid technological transformation and the complexity of social-emotional challenges. This article proposes an integrative framework of Islamic Social-Emotional Learning (I-SEL) that combines the principles of social-emotional learning with Islamic values to build digital resilience in early childhood. Through the systematic literature method, this study analyzes 25 relevant current references to identify key components, implementation strategies, and practical implications. The findings show that I-SEL can be a holistic solution that integrates digital literacy, religious literacy, and Islamic character development. This framework emphasizes the crucial role of teachers, families, and communities in creating a learning environment that supports children's emotional, spiritual, and digital development in a balanced manner. This research contributes to the development of an early childhood education curriculum that is responsive to the challenges of the digital age while maintaining Islamic values as a moral and spiritual foundation.
INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING: EFFORTS TO STRENGTHEN NUMERACY OF MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH STUDENTS
This study aims to analyze the role of digital technology integration in mathematics learning to strengthen the numeracy skills of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students. The method used is a literature study through the study of various scientific sources related to educational technology, mathematics learning, and numeracy in elementary education. The results of the study show that the use of interactive applications, simulations, animated videos, adaptive exercise platforms, and educational games can improve understanding of mathematical concepts, learning motivation, and student engagement. Digital technology also facilitates concrete visualizations that are appropriate to the student's stage of cognitive development, thus helping to understand abstract concepts. The success of technology integration depends on teacher competence and adequate infrastructure support. This study concludes that digital technology has great potential to transform mathematics learning and strengthen students' numeracy, noting the need for institutional support, teacher competency strengthening, and adequate ICT facilities.
HOW DO PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE IMPACT ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR? A MEDIATED MODEL
This research delves into the effects of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), with a focus on the mediating roles of perceived organizational support (POS) and leader-member exchange (LMX). The study specifically investigates permanent lecturers at private universities in Medan, Indonesia, offering a comprehensive view of these dynamics within an academic context. A causal research model was employed, paired with a quantitative approach, to ensure a robust analysis. Data collection involved 13 of Medan’s prominent private universities, selected to represent a broad spectrum of institutional environments. A sample of 250 participants was obtained through non-probability sampling techniques, ensuring a diverse representation. Interviews and questionnaires provided the primary data, which was then analyzed using SEM-PLS. The results reveal that distributive justice significantly enhances POS, while procedural justice positively impacts LMX. Both forms of justice contribute positively to OCB, with POS and LMX serving as effective mediators in these relationships. These findings underscore the importance of justice-driven support structures in promoting positive organizational behaviors, highlighting valuable insights for organizations seeking to foster fairness, engagement, and organizational citizenship behaviors.
OPTIMIZING THE PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE WEST SUMATRA COMMUNITY
The principles of knowledge of traditional elements are legally based through the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which in Article 32 paragraph (1) states that "The state advances Indonesian national culture amidst world civilization by guaranteeing the freedom of society to maintain and develop its cultural values". Based on all the descriptions that have been explained, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Regulations on the protection of traditional knowledge in various legal regulations/provisions in Indonesia can be traced in several legal products as follows, namely: the UN Convention on Biodiversity Law, the Nagoya Protocol Ratification Law, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the Cultural Advancement Law, the Patent Law, the Copyright Law, the PP KIK, and the DKIK Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation. However, the many provisions regarding traditional knowledge that have been regulated only give the impression of being maximal, not optimal. The procedure for providing legal protection for traditional knowledge in improving the welfare of communal communities, the steps are as follows: inventory, security, guarding, maintenance, rescue and publication. Optimization so that traditional knowledge can improve the welfare of communal communities, namely the need for legal norms that regulate the provision of royalties/economic rights to communal communities from the results of commercial utilization of KIK including in the form of traditional knowledge. The burden is imposed on both individuals, corporations/legal entities, and foreign parties. In addition to the legal norms, it must also regulate the establishment of a Special Non-Governmental Institution that accommodates, manages, distributes and records data related to Communal Intellectual Property. This institution will later actively go directly to the regions to directly record traditional knowledge that has not been recorded and distribute benefits of economic value to entitled (registered) communal communities.
ANALYSIS OF BANKRUPTCY LAW REFORM IN SEVERAL ASEAN COUNTRIES
Bankruptcy law has an important role in maintaining economic stability and providing protection for the rights of creditors and debtors. Along with global economic changes and digitalization, countries in the ASEAN region, such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand, Vietnam and the Philippines have made significant reforms to their bankruptcy legal systems. This article aims to analyze the trends of bankruptcy law reform in these countries and identify lessons that can be adopted by Indonesia. Through a normative-comparative approach, it was found that reforms in ASEAN emphasize the unification of insolvency rules, the strengthening of debt restructuring mechanisms, and the acceleration of the resolution of bankruptcy cases through legal innovation. On the other hand, Indonesia's bankruptcy legal system still faces various challenges, such as convoluted procedures, abuse of PKPU and the lack of protection for small creditors such as MSMEs. This article recommends the importance of updating legislation in Indonesia with an emphasis on codification of the law, more balanced protections and simplification of the litigation process to realize a bankruptcy legal system that is more adaptive and responsive to the times.
ACTS OF BRIBERY IN CORRUPTION CASES MAQOSHID SYARIAH PERSPECTIVE
Bribery is one of the special concerns that is quite big in influencing the occurrence of corruption. Bribery (risywah) is an act that is prohibited in Islam because it violates the principles of maqoshid sharia related to justice, protecting property and avoiding social damage. This action is detrimental to the bribery but also harms the public. Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption defines bribery as giving in a broad sense, which includes the provision of money, goods, rebates, discounts, commissions, interest-free loans, travel tickets, lodging facilities, tourist trips, free medical treatment and other facilities. The purpose of the research is to: find out the form of bribery in corruption cases, as well as the views of maqoshid sharia. The tool used in data collection in this study is through document studies. The source of data is taken based on secondary data through primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of the research and discussion explain that bribery in corruption cases is active bribery or giving bribes to civil servants or state administrators, giving bribes to judges or advocates and giving gifts or promises to civil servants. Bribery is strictly prohibited in Islam because it is contrary to the basic principles of sharia and maqosyid al-sharia. This action obstructs justice, harms property, and undermines the integrity of the law.
DIGITAL RESILIENCE IN ISLAMIC COMMUNICATION: LINGUISTIC STRATEGIES FOR CROSS-CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING IN THE POST-DIGITAL ERA
In the post-digital era, this study highlights how Islamic communicators are using linguistic strategies to build digital resilience and cross-cultural understanding in multicultural and multilingual communication spaces. This research explores the integration of Islamic communication, linguistic agility, and media literacy to create effective and ethical digital religious messages. Qualitative content analysis to examine online sermons, multilingual da'wah videos, and posts by prominent Islamic influencers. The theoretical framework refers to Digital Resilience Theory, Symbolic Interactionism, and Framing Theory, which collectively guide linguistic adaptation analysis and cultural negotiation. The findings reveal that Islamic communicators use strategies such as code switching, metaphorical framing, inclusive language, and multilingual outreach to maintain theological authenticity while improving accessibility. This method contributes to digital resilience by protecting the message of Islam from misinterpretation, misinformation, and extremism. The study concludes that effective Islamic communication in the post-digital era depends on a balanced synthesis of religious-based principles with advanced linguistic and digital competencies. This study recommends structured media literacy training for Islamic preachers and content creators, as well as the development of cross-cultural communication frameworks to navigate global discourse ethically. The importance of a strong and inclusive Islamic message in promoting peace, understanding, and unity in the digital world.
RENEWABLE ENERGY TRANSFORMATION AS A MANIFESTATION OF ISTI'MAR AND AMANAH IN ISLAM: A PSO APPROACH IN NORTH SUMATRA
This study proposes an optimization model of the renewable energy mix in North Sumatra using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Five simulation runs were conducted with varying parameters to evaluate the optimal contribution of hydro, geothermal, biomass, biogas, and solar power plants. The simulation results show a consistent pattern, where hydropower contributes the largest share at around 48–52%, followed by geothermal at 18–21%, biomass at 10–13%, biogas at 7–9%, and solar at 6–8%. The fluctuations between simulations are relatively small, reaffirming the robustness of PSO in finding optimal solutions despite differences in initial parameters. The implementation of this model also demonstrates significant potential to reduce dependence on fossil energy, whose maximum capacity is maintained at approximately 1828 MW under the restriction scenario. From an Islamic perspective, the principles of isti’mar (prosperity and stewardship of the earth) and amanah (responsibility) reinforce that this transition is not merely technical but also carries ethical and spiritual dimensions, aligning with the maqasid al-shariah in preserving the environment (hifz al-bi’ah) and wealth (hifz al-mal).
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN ISLAMIC PREACHING AND LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology have had a significant impact on the field of education, including Islamic Religious Education (PAI). AI like Machine learning, chatbots, and augmented reality (AR) can improve the quality of learning by providing personalized and adaptive content tailored to students' needs. The research method, library research with a descriptive qualitative approach, was used to collect data from various sources. The research results show that AI integration significantly increases student learning motivation and can also improve the quality of Islamic religious education. However, AI implementation requires teachers to be prepared in digital literacy and to monitor the material to ensure it aligns with Islamic values. With balanced utilization, AI can be a crucial innovation in creating more effective and meaningful Islamic education learning in the digital age. However , its implementation should not replace the role of teachers in the learning process, but rather serve as a tool to help improve learning effectiveness.
THE FACTORS AFFECTING BEHAVIORAL AUDIT DYSFUNCTION IN A SYSTEMATIC PERSPECTIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
This study aims to determine the factors that influence Dysfunctional Audit Behavior using qualitative methods with literature studies and approaches. Data sources come from searching for national and international journals published on Google Scholar, through the Publish or Perish application. There are 98 journal publications based on the results of data collection from the Perish/Hazing application during the period 2019 to 2024. Data analysis techniques include: mapping the factors that influence dysfunctional audit behavior using Vosviewer software; and mapping the factors that influence dysfunctional audit behavior bibliometrically using literature studies. The results of the analysis show that dysfunctional audit behavior is a major topic in various academic studies and is closely related to factors such as audit quality, time budget pressure, turnover intention, and locus of control.
BUSINESS INNOVATION IN CREATIVE SECTORS AT MEDAN CITY
This study aims to describe business innovation in the creative sector in Medan City. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, with data collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) involving 15 creative entrepreneurs, who are tenants of the PUSKIIBI UMSU Business Incubator, representing the fields of culinary, fashion, handicrafts, and creative technology. The findings indicate that business innovation in Medan’s creative sector primarily involves product development, digital marketing strategies, and inter-entrepreneur collaboration. The FGD also identified key challenges, including limited capital, technology access, market promotion, and business management. These findings are expected to provide guidance for entrepreneurs, incubator institutions, and policymakers in promoting innovation and sustainable development within Medan’s creative sector.
DIGITALIZATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION GROUNDED IN AL-MA’UN THEOLOGY: A STUDY OF SOCIAL INNOVATION IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
This study aims to describe and analyze the forms of Islamic education digitalization grounded in the theological values of Al-Ma'un as a model of social innovation implemented in educational institutions. The main focus of this research is to examine how socio-religious values such as compassion, justice, and social empathy can be integrated into digital education systems, as well as how school communities participate in supporting this process. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a library research approach. The data were obtained from various primary and secondary references, including books, scholarly journals, articles, official documents, and other relevant academic works. Data collection techniques involved documentation studies and literature reviews by selecting, reading, recording, and categorizing essential information from multiple sources. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive analysis, which include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings of this study are expected to provide a concrete overview of the practice of Islamic education digitalization based on the theological values of Al-Ma'un and to highlight the role of social innovation in strengthening Islamic education that is just, inclusive, and adaptive to contemporary developments.
STRATEGIES AND MODELS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE TEACHERS FOR NON NATIVE SPEAKERS THROUGH LOCAL WISDOM
The global expansion of BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia untuk Penutur Asing, Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers) programs has heightened the need for qualified educators possessing both pedagogical expertise and the capability to create culturally authentic materials. Many BIPA teachers encounter professional challenges, such as insufficient training in foreign language instruction and limited access to systematic professional development opportunities. This study investigates strategies and models for the professional development of BIPA teachers by incorporating local wisdom from North Sumatra, particularly the traditions of pantun and hikayat. This study employs a systematic literature review to synthesize pertinent scientific literature on teacher professional development, local literary traditions, and BIPA instruction. The findings identify three primary strategies: collaborative learning communities rooted in pantun creativity principles, narrative-based reflection utilizing the hikayat storytelling tradition, and mentoring relationships informed by local Malay values, such as budi bahasa (good manners) and timbang rasa (consideration). This study presents the Local Wisdom-Integrated Professional Development Model (LW-IPD Model), comprising four components: cultural immersion, pedagogical adaptation, reflective dialogue, and sustainable practice. The integration of pantun and hikayat traditions offers a culturally significant framework for improving BIPA teachers' competencies and aids in the preservation of North Sumatra's Malay literary heritage.
THE URGENCY OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN STRENGTHENING STUDENTS' RELIGIOUS CHARACTER BY ERA DIGITAL
Islamic religious education is the most appropriate solution for strengthening the religious character of students in the digital era. Strengthening the religious character of students must be a top priority in Islamic religious education. This study uses a qualitative approach. This type of research is literature research. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the urgency of Islamic religious education in strengthening the religious character of students in the digital era. The results of this study are that Islamic religious education is very important in strengthening the character of students in the digital era. Therefore, there needs to be the right strategy in its implementation in order to produce students with noble character in the digital era. Islamic Religious Education has a strategic role in shaping the religious character of students in the midst of the challenges of the digital era. Through the integration of Islamic values with the wise use of technology, teachers can guide students to adhere to noble morals, strengthen faith, and develop spiritual skills in a fast-paced and open era. Strengthening religious character is not only carried out through classroom learning, but also through example, habituation, supervision of the use of digital media, and collaboration between schools, families, and the environment. Thus, Islamic Religious Education is an important foundation so that students are able to sort information, behave ethically in cyberspace, and make technology a means of goodness and religious self-development
CHILDREN AS VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE: A REVIEW OF ISLAMIC LAW AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
Sexual violence is one of the most typical forms of violence experienced by women because it is closely related to the societal perspective that places women as sexual objects. In the Islamic view, crime and sexual violence occur due to the fading of human values. Legal protection of children varies from country to country, but general principles of human rights and child protection apply internationally, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child ratified by the United Nations. The research method used is normative juridical, which is to conduct literature research which is carried out by examining literature materials, both books and journals, and secondary data as a basis for research by conducting a search for regulations or conventions and literature related to problems.
LABOR SKILLS MISMATCH AS A MAIN FACTOR OF STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT
One of factor main contributors to increasing number unemployment is mismatch skills ( skill mismatch ) between power available work with job market needs . Mismatch This happen when individual own skills that are not relevant or No Enough For fulfil demands of the industrial and technological world that continue developing . Research This aiming For identify to what extent is the discrepancy skills become reason main unemployment and for analyze the factors behind it . The research method used is legal normative , namely do study bibliography conducted with method researching ingredients literature Good book or journals and secondary data as base For investigated with method stage search to regulations and related literature with problem.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN MUHAMMADIYAH EDUCATION FROM A PHILOSOPHICAL VALUES PERSPECTIVE: A STUDY OF MUHAMMADIYAH EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN SUMATERA UTARA
The digital transformation in education triggered by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 presents various ethical dilemmas. Not only demands practical responses but also encourages critical reflection through a philosophical approach. The education system in Muhammadiyah recognizes this challenge by undertaking various efforts, one of them is adapting digital technology while still upholding humanist values. This study focused on exploring the digital transformation of Muhammadiyah education, oriented towards uncovering the strength of humanist values at both the philosophical and implementation levels. This study used a qualitative, phenomenological approach, with selected informants based on purposive sampling. Data collection techniques include participant observation and in-depth interviews, and data analysis used interactive analysis proposed by Miles, Hubermann, and Saldana. This study found that humanist values are the primary basis for the digital transformation of Muhammadiyah education. The integration of digital technology into learning at Muhammadiyah educational institutions actually strengthens humanist values. The humanist digital transformation of education will produce students who are technologically literate (digital literate), as well as possessing character, morals, and transcendental awareness.
INTEGRATING INDONESIAN LOCAL WISDOM INTO GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP: A META-ANALYTICAL STUDY ON PEACE, DECOLONIAL, AND INTERCULTURAL LEARNING
This meta-analytical study examines the impact of integrating Indonesian local wisdom into peace and sustainability education within the broader framework of decolonial and intercultural learning. Synthesizing 42 empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024, the findings reveal a consistent, moderate to strong positive correlation (r = 0.46) between local-wisdom based pedagogy and learner’s global citizenship and peace-oriented competencies. Moderator analyses indicate stronger effects at early educational levels, in experiential pedagogies, and within rural context settings where cultural traditions remain deeply embedded in community life. The study concludes that indigenous pedagogies, rooted in ethical and relational worldviews, not only enhance moral reasoning and empathy but also challenge the epistemic dominance of Western educational paradigms. By reframing local wisdom as epistemic foundation rather than cultural enrichment, Indonesian education offers a viable model for achieving intercultural understanding, sustainability, and global peace.
MAQASID AL-SHARIAH AS AN ETHICAL FRAMEWORK FOR ISLAMIC BANKING RESILIENCE IN THE POST-DIGITAL ERA
Digital transformation has reshaped the global financial landscape, including the Islamic banking sector. In the post-digital era, the challenges faced by financial institutions are no longer limited to technological adoption, but extend to their ability to maintain ethical integrity and public trust as the foundation of system sustainability. This article aims to examine the role of maqasid al-shariah as an ethical foundation for strengthening the resilience of Islamic banking systems in the post-digital era. This study employs a qualitative approach through a literature review by analyzing relevant academic works related to Islamic banking, financial system resilience, and maqasid al-shariah.The findings indicate that the principles of maqasid al-shariah, particularly the protection of wealth, justice, and public welfare (maslahah), play a strategic role in strengthening governance, maintaining financial stability, and enhancing public trust in Islamic banking institutions. By positioning maqasid al-shariah as an ethical foundation, Islamic banking is not only able to respond effectively to the dynamics of digital transformation but also contributes to the realization of sustainable economic resilience amid contemporary global challenges.
USING ISLAMIC ANIMATED STORIES TO ENHANCE LISTENING MOTIVATION AND COMPREHENSION IN EFL CONTEXTS
Although listening comprehension is essential to learning a second or foreign language, learners frequently view it as difficult and boring since they are not exposed to many interesting and relevant listening resources. This study investigates how well Islamic animated stories work as a teaching tool to improve listening comprehension and motivation in English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The study used a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design with 120 intermediate EFL learners split into experimental and control groups. It was based on multimedia learning theory and culturally responsive teaching. While the control group got traditional audio-based listening instruction, the experimental group was exposed to Islamic animated stories incorporated into listening assignments over the course of eight weeks of instruction, Classroom observations and semi-structured interviews provided qualitative data, while listening motivation questionnaires and pre- and post-listening comprehension tests provided quantitative data. The results show that, in comparison to the control group, students who interacted with Islamic animated stories showed statistically significant gains in listening comprehension and increased motivation. Qualitative research also showed that because of the visual aids and well-known moral topics, students thought the animated stories were entertaining, significant, and simpler to comprehend. The study comes to the conclusion that Islamic animated stories provide a useful alternative listening medium that improves learners' affective engagement by matching instructional content with cultural and religious values in addition to supporting understanding through multimodal input.There is discussion of the implications for EFL instruction and content creation.
THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP IN MANAGING AI-DRIVEN WORKPLACE CHANGES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
This study examines the role of spiritual leadership in navigating organizational transitions driven by artificial intelligence implementation and explores how leaders foster employee resilience and meaning during technological transformation. Using a qualitative multiple case study approach, data were collected from 25 organizational leaders and 40 employees across six companies undergoing AI integration through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and organizational document analysis. Thematic analysis was employed to identify patterns and construct meaningful interpretations of spiritual leadership practices in AI-driven contexts. The findings reveal that spiritual leadership significantly mitigates employee anxiety and resistance to AI adoption by cultivating organizational purpose, fostering psychological safety, and emphasizing human value beyond productivity metrics. Four key themes emerged: the importance of vision articulation that balances technological advancement with human dignity, creation of meaningful work environments amid automation, empowerment through reskilling initiatives framed as personal growth opportunities, and the establishment of ethical frameworks for AI deployment. Leaders who demonstrated spiritual leadership qualities facilitated smoother transitions by addressing existential concerns about job displacement and helping employees redefine their roles in AI-augmented workplaces. This research concludes that spiritual leadership provides a humanistic counterbalance to technology-driven organizational change, promoting sustainable transformation by addressing both practical and existential employee needs. The findings suggest organizations should integrate spiritual leadership development into change management strategies for AI implementation.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF RISK AND RETURN IN SHARIA INVESTMENT
This study aims to analyze the public’s understanding of the concepts of risk and return in Islamic investment. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with five informants who actively invest in various Islamic financial instruments in Medan City. The findings show that most people understand basic Islamic principles such as avoiding riba, gharar, and maysir. However, their understanding of how risk and return interact within Islamic investment remains limited. Many still assume that Islamic investment is always safe and carries minimal risk compared to conventional investment. Meanwhile, individuals with higher financial literacy acknowledge that Islamic products also carry market risks that must be considered. These findings highlight the need for greater educational efforts to strengthen the public’s understanding of risk–return dynamics in Islamic finance, particularly for new investors.
CAREER DECISION-MAKING IN THE AGE OF AUTOMATION: YOUTH PERSPECTIVES ON JOB SECURITY
This study investigates how young adults navigate career decision-making amid increasing workplace automation and explores their perceptions of job security in technologically evolving industries. Utilizing a qualitative research design, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 30 participants aged 18-25 years, comprising university students and early-career professionals across various disciplines. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis to capture participants' lived experiences and meaning-making processes regarding career choices. The findings reveal that automation anxiety significantly influences career planning, with participants demonstrating strategic avoidance of occupations perceived as high-risk for technological displacement. Three primary themes emerged: adaptive career strategies emphasizing skill diversification, preference for human-centric professions requiring emotional intelligence and creativity, and proactive engagement with continuous learning. Participants expressed heightened awareness of technological disruption but exhibited varying levels of preparedness, with STEM-educated youth showing greater confidence in adapting to automated work environments. Notably, job security concerns often outweighed traditional career satisfaction factors in decision-making processes. This research concludes that automation fundamentally reshapes youth career trajectories, necessitating educational reforms that prioritize adaptability and technological literacy. The findings underscore the importance of career counseling services addressing automation-related uncertainties and developing frameworks that help young professionals build resilient career pathways in an increasingly automated economy.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF WORK EXPERIENCE AND WORK FACILITIES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH JOB SATISFACTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
This study aims to analyze the effect of work experience and work facilities on employee performance, both directly and indirectly through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. Data were collected using questionnaires, and data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method with SmartPLS software. The results indicate that work experience has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work facilities have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction but do not have a significant direct effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction is proven to have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, job satisfaction mediates the effect of work facilities on employee performance, indicating that improvements in work facilities can enhance job satisfaction, which in turn positively affects employee performance. However, job satisfaction does not mediate the effect of work experience on employee performance. These findings highlight the important role of job satisfaction in improving employee performance, particularly through the provision of adequate work facilities.
READING STRATEGIES USED BY ISLAMIC STUDIES STUDENTS IN ENGLISH TEXTS
Reading comprehension is a fundamental skill in second language acquisition, particularly for learners studying English as a foreign language (EFL). Islamic students, who often encounter English texts alongside religious and cultural learning contexts, employ distinctive reading strategies shaped by linguistic background, educational traditions, and cognitive approaches. This study investigates the types of reading strategies used by Islamic students when engaging with English academic texts. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through questionnaires, reading tasks, and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that Islamic students predominantly utilize cognitive and metacognitive strategies, such as inferencing, summarizing, monitoring comprehension, and activating prior religious and cultural knowledge. The study highlights the significant role of metacognitive awareness in successful reading comprehension and suggests pedagogical implications for English instruction in Islamic educational settings.
ARTICLE TITLE DESIGNING LISTENING MATERIALS FOR ENGLISH FOR ISLAMIC STUDIES (EIS) COURSES
A fundamental but often overlooked aspect of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is listening comprehension, especially in English for Islamic Studies (EIS), where students must process lengthy spoken discourse that includes academic presentations, religious lectures, sermons, and scholarly discussions given in English. In many Islamic higher education contexts, listening teaching is still mostly based on generic English resources that do not adequately address the linguistic, disciplinary, and spiritual aspects of Islamic studies, despite the increasing institutional demand for EIS programs. This pedagogical misalignment frequently leads to low comprehension, low learner engagement, and little application of listening skills in real-world academic settings. . The current study intends to close this gap by creating, implementing, and assessing a collection of contextually grounded listening resources created especially for EIS courses. The study uses a design-based research framework that includes iterative stages of needs analysis, material development, expert validation, classroom implementation, and empirical evaluation. It is based on the principles of ESP material development, communicative language teaching, and discipline-based pedagogy. In order to reflect key topics in Islamic studies, such as theology, ethics, jurisprudence, and current Islamic discourse, authentic and semi-authentic audio texts were chosen and pedagogically modified while still being accessible to learners at the intermediate level. Expert evaluation tools, learner perception surveys, and listening comprehension exams were used to gather data, which was then analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The results show that learners' listening comprehension skills have significantly improved, their confidence in processing lengthy academic speech has grown, and their views of relevance and utility have increased. The materials' educational coherence and contextual appropriateness are further validated by expert evaluation. The paper makes the case that, in EIS situations, integrating disciplinary material with communicative listening activities can successfully moderate the relationship between language development and subject-matter learning. This research adds to the growing corpus of ESP scholarship by providing a principled model for listening material creation. It also offers useful implications for instructors, curriculum designers, and material makers in Islamic higher education.
UTILIZATION OF KEY RESOURCES IN SUPPORTING EFFICIENCY AND OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE OF COMPANIES IN MUNAZARA MEDAN UMKM
This study aims to analyze the utilization of Key Resources in supporting the efficiency and operational excellence of the company at MSME Munazara Medan. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The respondents of this study are the owners and employees of MSME Munazara Medan who are directly involved in operational management. The data analysis technique used is thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes related to the utilization of Key Resources. The results of the study indicate that the utilization of Key Resources such as human resources, technology, and partnership networks has helped MSME Munazara Medan improve operational efficiency and achieve competitive advantage. This study also identified several challenges in utilizing Key Resources, such as lack of financial resources and lack of management capabilities. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of theory and practice of resource management in MSMEs.
CORPORATE CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS AND ELECTORAL INTEGRITY IN INDONESIA: CHALLENGES AND LEGAL RECONSTRUCTION
The 2024 general election in Indonesia revealed critical challenges in the management and transparency of campaign finance, particularly regarding corporate contributions to political parties. Despite regulatory frameworks requiring the submission of the Initial Campaign Fund Report (LADK) and subsequent reports, many parties and candidates failed to comply, while reported expenditures often appeared inconsistent with visible campaign activities. Foreign funding further complicated monitoring, with contributions increasing from IDR 83 billion in 2022 to IDR 195 billion in 2024, highlighting vulnerabilities to illicit financial practices. Weak institutional capacity and fragmented regulatory authority among the General Elections Commission (KPU), the Election Supervisory Board (Bawaslu), and the Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK) exacerbated these challenges. This study employs normative legal research with a descriptive and evaluative approach, using statutory and case-based analysis to examine the legal framework, reporting systems, and oversight mechanisms for corporate campaign contributions. Findings indicate that while Indonesian law allows regulated corporate donations under a system of “restricted permissibility,” enforcement gaps, unclear reporting obligations, and limited audit oversight undermine accountability and transparency. The study proposes a reconstruction of campaign finance law based on an integrity system, emphasizing harmonized regulations, technology-based reporting and audits, proportional sanctions, and the promotion of legal and ethical awareness among political actors. Such reforms aim to ensure that corporate participation supports fair, transparent, and democratically accountable elections.
USING ISLAMIC TOPICS TO IMPROVE ENGLISH SPEAKING FLUENCY
English speaking fluency remains a persistent challenge for learners in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, particularly in educational settings where English is not used for daily communication. One pedagogical approach that has gained increasing attention is the integration of culturally and religiously familiar content into language instruction. This study investigates the effectiveness of using Islamic topics as instructional content to improve English speaking fluency among EFL learners. Employing a mixed-methods design, the study involved 60 undergraduate students enrolled in an Islamic studies program. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-speaking fluency tests, while qualitative data were obtained from classroom observations and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal a significant improvement in learners’ speaking fluency, confidence, and participation after the integration of Islamic-themed materials. The qualitative results further indicate that familiarity with Islamic content reduced learners’ anxiety and increased their motivation to speak English. The study concludes that integrating Islamic topics into English speaking instruction provides a meaningful, culturally responsive, and pedagogically effective approach to enhancing speaking fluency in EFL contexts.
KEY PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE BUSINESS EFFICIENCY AND COMPETITIVENESS IN MEDAN CHEESE DIMSUM MSMEs
This study aims to determine the Key Partnerships strategy as an effort to improve business efficiency and competitiveness in the Cheese Dimsum MSME in Medan. This research approach uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study used observation and interviews. The results show that the Key Partnerships strategy as an effort to increase efficiency is carried out through optimizing partnerships with suppliers, distributors, and digital marketing channels, which will increase resource availability, reduce production costs, and expand the market.
EFFECTIVENESS OF ISLAMIC PODCASTS FROM " HOW TO CLEAN DIRTY HEARTS " BY DR HAIFAA YOUNIS IN IMPROVING EFL LISTENING PROFICIENCY
This study explores the effectiveness of listening to How to Clean Dirty Hearts, an Islamic podcast by Dr. Haifaa Younis, in enhancing the listening proficiency of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. In contemporary language education, digital media resources such as podcasts are increasingly recognized for their capacity to provide authentic, engaging, and contextually meaningful input that complements traditional classroom instruction. Podcasts offer learners extended exposure to natural speech, varied accents, and nuanced discourse, which are often limited in scripted classroom materials. This study employed a quasi-experimental design involving 60 Indonesian EFL learners, who were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. Over a period of eight weeks, the experimental group engaged with selected episodes of the podcast, accompanied by guided listening activities, while the control group received conventional listening instruction without additional podcast exposure. Pre- and post-listening comprehension tests were administered to assess improvement in listening skills, and a perception survey was conducted to evaluate learners’ attitudes toward podcast-based learning. The results indicate that the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant gains in listening proficiency compared to the control group, suggesting that regular exposure to culturally relevant, meaningful audio content can substantially support listening development. Additionally, learners reported high levels of engagement, motivation, and enjoyment, highlighting the value of culturally responsive materials in fostering both linguistic competence and positive attitudes toward autonomous listening practice. These findings underscore the pedagogical potential of integrating Islamic-themed podcasts into EFL curricula as a strategy to enhance listening skills, learner motivation, and overall engagement in digital and classroom-based language learning environments.
THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL REPORTS IN ACCOUNTING RECORDING
This study aims to analyze the role of financial statements in the accounting recording process based on the perspective of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) Theory. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth literature reviews, focus group discussions, and document searches related to accounting recording and financial reporting practices. The results of the study indicate that financial statements play a role not only as output but also as an evaluation and feedback tool on the quality of the accounting recording process in an accounting information system. The research findings also reveal that weaknesses in the implementation of AIS and internal controls can cause financial statements to be used symbolically, even potentially legitimizing deviant recording practices. The contribution of this study lies in strengthening AIS Theory by positioning financial statements as a reflective instrument in an accounting information system and providing a critical perspective on AIS practices in the context of developing countries.
THE ROLE AND FUNCTION OF NOTARIES/PPAT IN LAND REGISTRATION DATA MAINTENANCE
Land has an important role in people's lives, so it is necessary to guarantee legal certainty through orderly land registration. Notaries/Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) play an important role in maintaining land registration data, especially in ensuring the accuracy of physical and juridical data. This study uses a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach. The results of the study show that PPAT not only functions as an authentic deed maker, but also as a liaison between the community and the Land Office in maintaining the order of land administration. However, there are still obstacles such as limited digital infrastructure, lack of understanding of electronic systems, and administrative barriers. Therefore, increasing the professionalism and coordination of PPAT with land agencies is very necessary to realize legal certainty
DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO ON NEWS WRITING TECHNIQUES AS A LEARNING RESOURCE FOR INDONESIA STUDENTS
In the Journalism course, particularly in the topic of News Writing Techniques, there remains a tendency to rely on the lecture method. Students often lose focus and quickly become disengaged when the material is delivered solely through text or oral explanation. Based on this issue, it is necessary to develop instructional media in the form of animated learning videos for the News Writing Techniques material. This study aims to develop an animated learning video on “News Writing Techniques” as a supplementary learning resource in the Journalism students at Indonesia. The development model employed is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects students who have taken the Journalism course, as well as expert validators consisting of journalism lecturers/practitioners, video and animation design specialists, and curriculum and instructional experts. The research stages begin with a needs analysis of students regarding video-based learning media, followed by the design of visual learning concepts, product implementation in the form of animated videos, and trials to assess feasibility. Expert validation was conducted to evaluate aspects of content, visual presentation, and video quality, while student response testing was carried out to determine the level of acceptance and usefulness of the product. The results indicate that the developed animated learning video falls into the feasible category. Students responded positively to the clarity of the material, the quality of the visuals, and the ease of understanding the steps in news writing.
DIGITAL BANKING AND ISLAMIC ECONOMICS GROWTH: A MACROECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
The development of digital technology has driven significant transformation in the Islamic banking sector, especially through the emergence of Islamic digital banking. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic digital banking in economic growth from a macroeconomic perspective. By utilizing digital technology, Islamic banking is able to improve the efficiency of financial services, expand financial inclusion, and accelerate the distribution of financing to productive sectors in accordance with Sharia principles. The study highlights how the digitalization of Islamic banking contributes to increased economic activity, financial system stability, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with secondary data obtained through a literature study. The analysis was carried out thematically to examine the role of Islamic digital banking in economic growth from a macroeconomic perspective, with the validity of the data maintained through triangulation of sources. From a macroeconomic perspective, Islamic digital banking plays an important role as an instrument to support sustainable economic development through strengthening financial intermediation and reducing the gap in access to financial services. The findings show that the integration of digital technology in Islamic banking not only increases the competitiveness of the Islamic finance industry but also has a positive impact on overall economic growth. Therefore, the development of policies that support Islamic digital banking is essential to encourage inclusive and equitable economic growth.
CUSTOMER SEGMENT IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS AS A KEY STRATEGY IN DETERMINING TARGET MARKETS FOR ICE STICK FRUIT MEDAN MSMEs
This study aims to identify and analyze customer segments as a basis for implementing target market strategies for the Medan Ice Stick Fruits MSME product. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with information collection techniques through observation, interviews, observations, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Show Miles and Huberman model through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that customer segments can be described based on demographic variables (age and economic status), geographic (domicile area around Medan), and psychographic (healthy lifestyle and preference for practical fruit-based foods) variables. The most potential segment opportunities are children, teenagers, and housewives who need healthy, affordable, and easily available snacks. These results confirm that identifying the right customer segmentation can strengthen market targeting and increase the effectiveness of the Medan Ice Stick Fruits MSME marketing strategy.
BUILDING A UNIQUE VALUE PROPOSOTION TO CREATE A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN THE BANJARI MEDAN DONUT UMKM
This study aims to analyze the unique value proposition development strategy in order to create a competitive advantage in the Jambari Donat Medan Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises . In the increasingly fierce culinary industry competition, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises are required to be able to present a value proposition that is different, relevant, and in accordance with customer needs. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and direct observation of the operational activities of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises . The research findings show that Jambari Donat is able to build a unique value proposition through taste innovation, product quality consistency, utilization of local raw materials, and personalized service to customers. In addition, differentiation strategies based on organoleptic quality, attractive packaging, and the use of digital media have been proven to increase brand visibility and customer loyalty. The results of the study confirm that a strong value proposition not only acts as a differentiator in a competitive market but also becomes the foundation for building long-term competitive advantage. Thus, the Jambari Donat Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises need to maintain and develop these value proposition elements to ensure business sustainability amidst changing consumer preferences and increasingly rapid market dynamics.
THE EFFECT OF USING WATTPAD APPLICATION ON STUDENTS' ABILITY TO WRITE DRAMA SCRIPTS
This research is motivated by the lack of interest of students in English language lessons, especially the material of writing drama scripts. The purpose of this study is to determine how much influence the use of the Wattpad application has on the ability to write drama scripts. This research was conducted at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara of the 2024 academic year. This research is a quantitative research by applying the experimental method. The population in this study was 24 university students. The research method used is true experiment with post test only control design. The results of the study obtained using the t test are tcount> 0.05 (> 9.86). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of the use of the Wattpad application on the ability to write drama scripts of university students.
TEACHER READINESS IN DIGITAL EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION: ANALYSIS LITERATURE ABOUT COMPETENCIES, CHALLENGES, AND SUPPORT SYSTEM
Transformation digital education places teachers as actor key in integrate technology in a way pedagogical and sustainable. This article aim for analyze teacher readiness in transformation digital education through synthesis literature about digital competence, challenges implementation, and form support effective systemic research this use method studies literature with approach systematic narrative review to article journal international reputable and documents global policies issued in ten years last. Analysis results show that digital competence of teachers is construct multidimensional which includes aspect technical, pedagogical, social-emotional, as well as ethics and data security, and not can reduced to mastery tool solely. The literature also identifies that challenge main integration technology covers obstacle external, such as infrastructure and connectivity, as well as internal barriers, including belief pedagogical, self-efficacy, and readiness designing learning as well as meaningful digital assessment. In addition, the findings confirm that training one less time effective without support systemic in the form of development professional sustainable, teacher collaboration, and policy coherent education. This study conclude that teacher readiness in transformation digital education requires approach integrated that integrates competence, challenges empirical, and support systemic for produce practice impactful and sustainable digital learning.
WEALTH AS A TEST, NOT AN END: THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF OWNERSHIP IN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC THOUGHT
This paper investigates the epistemological foundations of ownership in Islamic economic thought by conceptualizing wealth as a moral and spiritual test rather than an ultimate economic objective. Conventional economic systems largely treat ownership as an absolute right oriented toward accumulation and profit maximization, often neglecting ethical and social consequences. In contrast, Islamic economics views wealth as an amanah (trust) granted by God, accompanied by moral accountability and social responsibility. This study employs a qualitative library research method, analyzing primary Islamic sources such as the Qur’an and Hadith, as well as classical and contemporary scholarly works in Islamic jurisprudence and economics. The findings demonstrate that Islamic epistemology integrates revelation (waḥy), reason (‘aql), and ethical consciousness to define ownership as conditional, purpose-driven, and socially embedded. Ownership is directed toward achieving maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, including justice, welfare, and human dignity. This epistemological framework offers a normative alternative to modern economic paradigms and provides ethical guidance for addressing contemporary issues such as inequality, moral hazard, and unsustainable economic behavior.
CULTIVATING FAITH-BASED VALUES THROUGH ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING IN ISLAMIC SCHOOLS
In the backdrop of globalization and the growing significance of English as an international language, the incorporation of religious principles into academic disciplines has grown to be a major concern in Islamic education. In Islamic institutions, English Language Learning (ELL) is frequently seen as culturally disconnected from Islamic teachings or even value-neutral. However, when carefully planned, ELL can be a useful tool for fostering religious principles while also improving kids' language proficiency. In order to support holistic education that incorporates cognitive, moral, and spiritual components, this study investigates how English language instruction in Islamic schools might be in line with Islamic beliefs. This study examines curriculum practices, instructional tactics, learning resources, and classroom relationships in a subset of Islamic secondary schools using a qualitative descriptive research design. Semi-structured interviews with English teachers, classroom observations, and document analysis of curricula and instructional materials were used to gather data. The results show that theme content, teacher modeling, contextualized language use, and reflective learning activities all foster faith-based values. Incorporating Islamic beliefs into ELL improves students' motivation, identity formation, and meaningful language use in addition to their moral growth. The study comes to the conclusion that teaching English in Islamic schools should be seen as a chance to uphold religious principles in a globalized setting rather than as a threat to religious identity. For curriculum designers, educators, and legislators looking to strike a balance between religious principles and global competencies in Islamic education, the findings have pedagogical significance.
STORYTELLING FROM ISLAMIC HISTORY TO IMPROVE ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS
The difficulty of matching linguistic goals with students' cultural identities is still a recurring issue in modern English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction. Many teaching resources are culturally disconnected from students' real-world experiences, which could have a detrimental impact on their motivation, understanding, and long-term language development. The educational potential of Islamic history-based storytelling as a culturally sensitive method of enhancing English language proficiency is investigated in this study. This study uses a qualitative classroom-based design to investigate how Islamic historical narratives support students' vocabulary, speaking fluency, reading comprehension, and writing organization. It draws on sociocultural theory, narrative-based learning, and culturally responsive pedagogy. The results show that Islamic historical narratives foster learner engagement, identity affirmation, and meaningful English communication in addition to improving language proficiency. According to the study, incorporating culturally familiar tales into EFL instruction helps foster an inclusive learning environment that connects cultural awareness and language growth. There is discussion of the implications for teacher preparation and curriculum design.
ISLAMIC FINANCE AS AN ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM FOR ACHIEVING ECONOMIC JUSTICE AND STABILITY
The global financial system, often criticized for its inherent instability and tendency to exacerbate inequality, has spurred the search for alternative economic models. This paper explores Islamic finance as a viable alternative system designed to promote economic justice and stability. Grounded in the principles of Sharia, which prohibit interest (riba), excessive uncertainty (gharar), and speculative activities (maysir), Islamic finance emphasizes risk-sharing, asset-backing, and ethical investments tied to the real economy. Through a descriptive-analytical method and a review of recent literature, this study examines the core mechanisms of Islamic finance such as Mudharabah (profit-sharing), Musharakah (joint venture), and Murabaha (cost-plus financing) and their impact on equitable wealth distribution and financial resilience. Recent studies from Indonesia (2021-2024) indicate that Islamic financial institutions have demonstrated greater stability during economic downturns and contribute to more inclusive financial access. The discussion concludes that by prioritizing social welfare and prohibiting exploitative practices, Islamic finance presents a robust framework for achieving sustainable economic justice and systemic stability. Further integration and regulatory harmonization are recommended to enhance its role in the global financial architecture.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH IN DISSEMINATING ISLAMIC MESSAGES THROUGH ISLAMIC HISTORY BOOKS IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION
The use of international languages to convey religious knowledge beyond local and regional contexts has become increasingly necessary as Islamic education continues to expand globally. In this process, English has emerged as a particularly influential medium due to its status as a global lingua franca in education, academia, and cross-cultural communication. As Islamic educational institutions and resources seek to reach broader and more diverse audiences, English plays a crucial role in facilitating access to Islamic teachings for both Muslim and non-Muslim learners worldwide.This study examines how English contributes to the dissemination of Islamic teachings within Islamic education, with particular emphasis on Islamic history textbooks written or translated into English. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the study analyzes selected English-language Islamic history textbooks alongside relevant scholarly literature on language, religion, and education. The analysis focuses on how English is used to present historical narratives, convey theological concepts, and adapt Islamic teachings to contemporary educational contexts.The findings indicate that English functions not merely as a translation medium but also as a powerful tool for contextualization, reinterpretation, and intercultural communication. English-language Islamic history textbooks enable readers from diverse linguistic backgrounds to engage with Islamic history and values, while also situating Islamic civilization within broader global historical and academic frameworks. Furthermore, these texts contribute to the promotion of intercultural understanding by clarifying cultural practices and addressing common misconceptions about Islam.The study concludes that integrating English into Islamic historical narratives enhances the accessibility, relevance, and global reach of Islamic teachings while maintaining their theological credibility. As such, English plays a significant role in strengthening the position of Islamic education within international scholarly discourse.
STUDENT MOTIVATION TOWARD SPEAKING ENGLISH IN ISLAMIC FACULTIES
With an emphasis on the function of narrative techniques from early childhood to higher Islamic faculties, this study explores the motivating dynamics of students toward speaking English within Islamic educational contexts. Due to limited exposure, cultural linguistic prioritization, and affective barriers like anxiety and lack of confidence, learners in Islamic institutions frequently face motivational challenges as English communication becomes more and more important in globalized academic and professional contexts. In response, this study investigates how conventional and digital storytelling might be used as a teaching technique to enhance speaking abilities and maintain motivation throughout learning phases. The study used hybrid methodologies, including structured interviews with Islamic faculty students and early childhood learners, classroom observations, and motivating questionnaires. The findings show that, particularly when culturally appropriate narratives are used, storytelling activities greatly improve learner confidence, motivation, speech production, and vocabulary acquisition. The ramifications demand that English language curriculum in Islamic education incorporate storytelling frameworks.
THE USE OF STORY OF PROPHET SULAIMAN AS AN ISLAMIC STORYBOOK TO ENCHANCE ENGLISH READING SKILLS IN CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
In order to improve English reading skills in early childhood education, this study explores the pedagogical possibilities of employing Islamic storybooks, with particular emphasis on the story of Prophet Sulaiman. Narrative-based learning has been widely acknowledged as an effective approach for supporting young learners’ language acquisition, early literacy development, and moral engagement. Stories provide meaningful contexts that help children understand language structures, expand vocabulary, and develop comprehension skills while maintaining high levels of interest and motivation. In Islamic educational settings, culturally relevant narratives also play a crucial role in connecting language learning with learners’ religious and moral values. This study investigates how Islamic storytelling can enhance vocabulary acquisition, reading comprehension, and reading motivation among young English learners through a qualitative and mixed-methods research design. Data were collected through classroom observations, reading activities, teacher interviews, and simple reading assessments to examine both cognitive and affective learning outcomes. The findings indicate that the use of Islamic storybooks fosters positive attitudes toward English reading, encourages active participation, and strengthens fundamental reading skills such as word recognition and meaning-making. Additionally, the integration of familiar religious stories supports character development by promoting values such as wisdom, kindness, and responsibility, which are exemplified in the story of Prophet Sulaiman. Overall, the results suggest that Islamic storybooks can serve as effective instructional resources for integrating language learning and character education in early childhood classrooms. This study highlights important implications for curriculum design in Islamic early childhood education contexts and recommends further research to explore the long-term effects of faith-based storytelling on young learners’ English literacy development.
DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE FLIPBOOK BASED DIGITAL HANDOUTS FOR NEWS LITERACY AMONG INDONESIAN STUDENTS
The rapid advancement of information technology has transformed the way students access, understand, and disseminate information. However, the low level of news literacy among senior high school students increases their vulnerability to misinformation and fake news. Therefore, engaging, interactive, and easy-to-understand learning media are needed to support news literacy education in schools. This study aims to develop an interactive flipbook-based news literacy handout as a supplementary learning resource for students of Indonesia. This research employed the ADDIE development model, consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The research instruments included validation sheets from subject-matter experts and media experts, as well as student response questionnaires. The sample involved 30 twelfth-grade students of Indonesia to evaluate learning comprehension and user experience. The results showed that the interactive flipbook-based handout was categorized as highly feasible by both subject-matter and media experts in terms of content accuracy, clarity, visual design, and usability. Student responses also indicated increased understanding and engagement in learning news literacy. Therefore, this interactive flipbook-based handout is effective in enhancing students’ news literacy and is suitable as an alternative learning medium in schools.
COMPARATIVE LEGAL APPROACHES TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REGULATION IN PEER-TO-PEER LENDING
The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms has transformed credit assessment, risk management, and service efficiency within the financial technology sector. However, the extensive use of AI also raises significant legal concerns, particularly related to transparency, accountability, consumer protection, and potential algorithmic bias. This paper examines and compares legal approaches to regulating artificial intelligence in P2P lending across selected jurisdictions. Using a normative legal research methodology and comparative legal approach, the study analyzes regulatory frameworks, policy instruments, and governance principles governing AI deployment in P2P lending services. The comparison highlights differences in regulatory emphasis, ranging from innovation-driven approaches to rights-based and risk-based regulatory models. The findings indicate that jurisdictions with comprehensive AI governance frameworks tend to provide stronger safeguards for consumers while maintaining support for financial innovation. Conversely, fragmented or sector-specific regulations often create regulatory gaps that may undermine legal certainty and financial inclusion objectives. This paper argues that an effective AI regulatory approach in P2P lending should balance technological innovation with legal accountability and inclusive finance principles. The study contributes to the discourse on fintech regulation by offering comparative insights that may inform policymakers in developing adaptive and inclusive legal frameworks for AI-driven financial services.
APPLICATION OF TEACHER AND PARENT COLLABORATION STRATEGIES IN THE DIGITAL AGE: IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF CHILDREN'S EDUCATION AT SD PLUS ALHIRA PERMATA NADIAH
This study was conducted to analyze the application of parent-teacher collaboration strategies in the digital age to improve the quality of children's education in elementary schools. Considering that children in elementary school are not yet able to complete their education independently at home, parental participation is needed. Effective collaboration between the two is believed to be a factor in creating a better learning environment for children, which in turn affects their learning outcomes. The method used in this study was a qualitative case study approach. This was because the research was motivated by problems that arose at SD Plus Alhira Permata Nadiah, which was chosen as the research location. The results of the study show that the implementation of this collaboration strategy has a positive impact on various parties at SD Plus Alhira Permata Nadiah. Subject teachers feel that the cooperation between teachers and parents makes learning more supportive and easier to implement, homeroom teachers find that children's grades have improved, parents feel more familiar with what their children need for their development, and children feel more helped and supported in their education.
FOLDABLE QIBLA COMPASS AS A PRACTICAL AID FOR DETERMINING THE QIBLA DIRECTION
This study examines the design and conceptual development of a Foldable Qibla Compass as a practical and portable instrument for determining the direction of Qibla. Accurate Qibla orientation is essential in Islamic worship; however, commonly used smartphone-based digital compass applications frequently encounter magnetic interference, calibration errors, and battery dependency. This research employs a qualitative conceptual design approach grounded in literature reviews, ergonomic principles, and mechanical design considerations. The study identifies functional requirements, analyzes the structural weaknesses of conventional compasses, and proposes a foldable protective mechanism to enhance durability and portability while maintaining directional reliability. The findings indicate that integrating mechanical protection with azimuth-based directional calibration may improve usability and long-term instrument stability. Although this research remains conceptual and requires empirical prototype testing, the proposed framework provides a feasible foundation for future development. This innovation contributes to the advancement of accessible, reliable, and user-friendly worship-support tools within contemporary Islamic practice.
USING ISLAMIC-THEMED TEXTS TO IMPROVE ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION
Reading comprehension is a fundamental component of second and foreign language acquisition and plays a crucial role in learners’ academic achievement and overall language proficiency. In many English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, students experience persistent difficulties in reading comprehension due not only to linguistic limitations but also to the cultural distance between learners and instructional materials. This article explores the potential of Islamic-themed texts as pedagogical tools for improving English reading comprehension among Muslim learners. Grounded in schema theory and culturally responsive pedagogy, the study argues that integrating culturally familiar and value-based content into English language instruction can facilitate deeper cognitive processing and enhance learner engagement. Islamic-themed texts, including moral narratives, historical accounts, and ethical discussions, activate learners’ prior knowledge and reduce cognitive barriers, enabling more effective meaning construction during reading. The article examines the theoretical foundations supporting the use of culturally relevant materials, highlights the educational benefits of Islamic-themed texts, and discusses their practical application in classroom settings. Additionally, it addresses potential challenges, such as appropriate text selection, linguistic grading, and inclusivity in diverse classrooms. Findings from relevant studies suggest that learners exposed to culturally familiar reading materials demonstrate higher motivation, increased participation, and improved comprehension outcomes compared to those using conventional EFL texts. By aligning language instruction with learners’ cultural and religious identities, Islamic-themed texts offer a meaningful and effective approach to enhancing English reading comprehension. The article concludes that culturally responsive reading materials should be considered a valuable complement to existing EFL curricula, particularly in Muslim-majority educational contexts.
DIGITAL DEBT AS‘SELF-REWARD: RECONCILING GEN Z’S PAYLATER CONSUMPTION WITH ISLAMIC FINANCIAL ETHICH
This study explores digital debt practices among Generation Z by framing paylater consumption as a form of self-reward in the digital economy and examining its compatibility with Islamic financial ethics. The ease of access, instant gratification, and lifestyle-oriented marketing of paylater services encourage Gen Z to normalize deferred payments as part of everyday consumption. While such mechanisms provide short-term satisfaction and perceived financial flexibility, they also pose ethical challenges related to debt accumulation, self-control, and moral responsibility. From the perspective of Islamic finance, consumption is expected to be guided by principles of balance (wasatiyyah), responsibility, and the avoidance of exploitative financial elements. This study employs a normative and conceptual analysis to assess whether paylater practices can be ethically justified when aligned with Islamic values. The analysis indicates that digital debt may be tolerated as a conditional financial instrument when it avoids usury, ensures transparency, and supports genuine needs rather than impulsive desires. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating Islamic financial ethics with digital consumer behavior to promote sustainable and morally grounded financial practices among Generation Z.
ISLAMIC BANKING,FINANCIAL INCLUSION,AND ECONOMIC RESILIENCE IN INDONESIA
This manuscript examines the role of Islamic banking in promoting financial inclusion and strengthening economic resilience in Indonesia. The main objective of this study is to analyze how Islamic banking contributes to expanding access to financial services and enhancing the ability of the Indonesian economy to withstand economic shocks. The research applies a qualitative descriptive approach through a comprehensive review of academic literature, regulatory documents, and official reports from financial authorities related to Islamic banking, financial inclusion, and economic resilience. The analysis emphasizes the relationship between Islamic banking instruments, inclusive financing practices, and macroeconomic stability. The findings indicate that Islamic banking plays an important role in improving financial inclusion by offering sharia-compliant financial products that are accessible to underserved communities, micro and small enterprises, and the informal sector. These inclusive financing practices support economic resilience by strengthening the real sector, encouraging risk-sharing mechanisms, and reducing exposure to financial instability. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including limited market share, low public awareness and literacy, regulatory constraints, and technological limitations that restrict optimal performance. The study concludes that enhancing institutional capacity, promoting digital innovation, and strengthening policy integration are crucial to maximizing the contribution of Islamic banking to financial inclusion and economic resilience. Strong collaboration among stakeholders is required to achieve sustainable and inclusive economic growth in Indonesia.
THE ROLE OF THE WORKSHEET SHEET IN IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF FINANCIAL REPORT PREPARATION
This study aims to examine the role of the trial worksheet in improving the accuracy of financial reporting. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach of accounting textbooks, financial accounting standards, and relevant national and international journal articles. The results of the study indicate that the trial worksheet functions as an initial verification tool that ensures the worksheet of debits and credits, the accuracy of recording adjustments, and the consistency of account groupings before the financial statements are formally prepared. In addition to improving the efficiency of financial reporting preparation, the trial worksheet also serves as a preventive internal control mechanism. From the perspective of Decision Usefulness Theory, the use of the trial worksheet supports the presentation of relevant and representative financial information, thereby increasing the usefulness of financial statements for economic and policy decision-making. This study confirms that the trial worksheet has a strategic role in improving the quality and accuracy of financial statements.
ANALYSIS OF THE PARTICIPATION LEVEL OF ASTRONOMY PROGRAM STUDENTS IN OIF UMSU DISSEMINATION ACTIVITIES AT MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATRA
This study aims to analyze the level of participation of Astronomy Program students in dissemination activities conducted by the OIF (Observatory and Islamic Falak) at the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra (UMSU). Student participation plays a strategic role in supporting the effectiveness of dissemination programs as a medium for scientific outreach and institutional engagement. This research employs a descriptive-analytical approach with a quantitative method. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation involving Astronomy Program students who participated in OIF UMSU dissemination activities. The level of participation was analyzed based on indicators such as attendance intensity, role involvement, contribution to activities, and responsiveness during dissemination programs. The results show that the participation level of Astronomy Program students falls within the moderate to high category, indicating a positive engagement in dissemination activities. However, several challenges were identified, including academic schedule conflicts and limited coordination mechanisms. This study concludes that strengthening institutional support and improving dissemination management strategies are essential to enhancing student participation and maximizing the impact of OIF UMSU dissemination activities.
REDEFINING EDUCATION: MEANING AND CONCEPT
Currently, the revolution has reached the stage of society 5.0, where technology has become an integrated part of human development itself, positioned as a solution to everyday problems, emphasizing an integrated, easy, and fast life. Rereading, or in other words redefinition, is an activity of redefining something in a new or different way than before. In the last two decades, we have witnessed the evolution of education based on the paradigm of dynamism and optimization of the meaning of organizational systems, as well as adaptation to society 5.0; a necessity that has occurred is the rereading of the meaning of education. Education is applied as an anticipatory activity to welcome developments and provide solutions to problems that occur and will occur. Based on the problems above, it is important to reread the meaning of education from a different perspective in order to adjust or expand its meaning, relevance, precision, and scope limitations so that it can contribute significantly to optimizing the analytical framework of an organizational system holistically and comprehensively. This research aims to reread the meaning of education through a qualitative approach using the method of literature study or library research. The literature review is based on neo-institutional theory and human capital theory used to analyse the data. Based on the perspective of these two theories, the results obtained are changes in the meaning of rereading, the redefinition of concepts and definitions in presenting an effective and inclusive framework that can encourage educational transformation focused on improving the quality of human resources that are globally competitive and provide solutions to the developments of the era.
NAVIGATING BARAKAH ECONOMIES : ISLAMIC PATHWAYS TO ADAPTIVE RESILIENCE IN THE POST-DIGITAL WORLD
This paper explores the concept of economic resilience and innovation through an Islamic interdisciplinary lens in the context of the post-digital age. As global economies face increasing volatility due to technological disruption, financial uncertainty, and socio-ecological crises, Islamic economic thought offers a value-based framework that integrates ethical norms, social justice, and technological adaptability. Using a qualitative and conceptual approach, this study examines how principles such as maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, risk-sharing, and digital stewardship can contribute to resilient economic systems. The findings suggest that Islamic economic resilience is not merely reactive but transformative, emphasizing innovation grounded in moral responsibility and collective welfare. This paper contributes to contemporary discourse by positioning Islamic economics as a viable interdisciplinary approach to addressing global economic challenges in the post-digital era.
ZAKAT AND THE RESILIENCE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS IN THE ERA OF GLOBAL UNCERTAINTY: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
This study looks into how zakat might be used strategically to strengthen Indonesia's Islamic economy in the midst of ongoing global unpredictability. In recent years, Indonesia and other emerging countries have faced significant challenges due to global economic instability, financial crises, and social inequality. Indonesia, with one of the world's largest Muslim populations, has enormous potential to employ zakat as a tool for both socioeconomic policy and religious requirement. This paper examines how zakat enhances social welfare, equitable income distribution, and economic stability using empirical and theoretical data from recent Indonesian studies. The study used a qualitative literature review methodology, gathering material from seven peer-reviewed academic sources focusing on zakat, Islamic economics, and socioeconomic development in Indonesia. The article focuses on key subjects such as poverty alleviation, redistributive justice, and the role of zakat institutions in assisting vulnerable communities during difficult economic times. The findings indicate that zakat is critical for lowering income disparities, protecting low-income households' purchasing power, and encouraging equitable economic growth. Zakat also serves as an economic stabilizer by encouraging consumption and strengthening social safety nets, particularly during times of crisis. The research does, however, highlight a number of concerns, including the prevalence of consumptive rather than productive zakat consumption, unequal distribution systems, and governance limits. This study concludes with policy recommendations for developing zakat management systems, increasing institutional openness, and encouraging successful zakat programs. These steps are expected to boost zakat's effectiveness as a long-term instrument for strengthening Indonesia's Islamic economy.
MANAGEMENT FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE TO CREATE AN ETHICAL ORGANIZATION
Ethical misconduct in modern organizations has become increasingly prevalent amid globalization, technological advancement, and intense market competition. Conventional management paradigms, which often emphasize efficiency, performance, and profit maximization, have proven insufficient in addressing deep-rooted ethical challenges. This study explores management from an Islamic perspective as a comprehensive and value-based framework for creating ethical organizations. Islamic management integrates moral, spiritual, and professional dimensions by grounding managerial practices in divine accountability, justice, trust, and social responsibility. Using a qualitative library research approach, this study analyzes primary Islamic sources, including the Qur’an and Sunnah, alongside contemporary peer-reviewed management and ethics literature published between 2018 and 2025. Thematic content analysis is employed to identify core principles of Islamic management and their implications for organizational ethics. The findings indicate that Islamic management fosters ethical organizations through the integration of tawhid (unity of God), amanah (trust), ‘adl (justice), shura (consultation), and ihsan (excellence) into leadership, decision-making, governance, and stakeholder relations. These principles promote transparency, accountability, fairness, and long-term sustainability. The study argues that Islamic management offers a holistic ethical alternative that transcends cultural and religious boundaries, making it relevant for contemporary organizations seeking ethical integrity and sustainable performance. This research contributes to the international management discourse by positioning Islamic management as a universal ethical framework rather than a purely religious or contextual model.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH AS A MEDIUM FOR DISSEMINATING ISLAMIC TEACHINGS AMONG GENERATION Z
The dissemination of religious teachings in modern culture has been significantly altered by the globalization of communication and the explosive growth of digital media. As a universal language, English is being used more and more to disseminate Islamic teachings, especially among Generation Z, a generation that is known for being digitally native, being globally conscious, and using the internet extensively. This study looks at how English shapes religious perception, makes Islamic information more accessible, and helps Generation Z develop a transnational Muslim identity. This study combines survey data, semi-structured interviews with Muslim youth aged 16 to 25, and internet content analysis using a qualitative-dominant mixed-method approach. The results show that Islamic content in English improves accessibility, promotes intercultural communication, and fits with Generation Z's preferences for digital learning. However, the study also points out important issues that could marginalize regional religious manifestations, such as the danger of theological simplicity, cultural decontextualization, and linguistic domination. This essay makes the case that English serves as a mediating force that transforms modern Islamic discourse in addition to being a neutral communication instrument. By providing a comprehensive examination of English-mediated da'wah in the digital age, the work advances the domains of Islamic studies, sociolinguistics, and religious communication.
THE IMPACT OF SWITCHING THE LANGUAGE WEEK: ARABIC-ENGLISH IN DARUL ARAFAH ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
The practice of switching language weeks in educational institutions has been widely implemented to improve linguistic proficiency and cultural engagement. This study explores the impact of a "Language Week" program, focusing on English and Arabic, at Darul Arafah Raya Islamic Boarding School. The program, aimed at enhancing both English and Arabic fluency among students, was assessed for its educational and social outcomes. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, using surveys, interviews, and observational data from students and teachers. The results indicate that the program significantly improved students’ language skills, boosted their confidence in using both languages, and promoted intercultural understanding. This study offers insights into the effectiveness of language immersion programs in religious and cultural contexts.
INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY: A CROSS-REGIONAL AND ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Integrative medicine is increasingly applied in obstetrics and gynecology to address reproductive and uterine health thought holistic and culturally responsive care. This narrative review synthesized peer reviewed literature. World Health Organization publications, and policy documents published between 2018 and 2025, focusing on integrative medicine, complementary therapy, uterine health and Islamic perspectives. Complementary therapies are widely use alongside conventional obstetric and gynecologic care across regions. East Asian countries demonstrate structured integrative systems, whereas in Muslim majority settings, Islamic values influence health-seeking behavior related to pregnancy, childbirth, and uterine health. Integrative medicine may enhance women-centered obstetric and gynecologic care when implemented within evidence-based frameworks and culturally informed clinical practice.
DEVELOPING POSTER-BASED JOURNALISM LEARNING MEDIA USING QR-FACT LEARNING TO STRENGTHEN FACT VERIFICATION COMPETENCE IN THE POST-TRUTH ERA
The post-truth era presents serious challenges for journalism education, particularly in equipping students with fact-verification skills as a core component of news literacy. This study aims to develop poster-based journalism learning media integrated with QR-Fact Learning as a supplementary learning resource for verifying information in the post-truth era. The media combine educational posters with QR codes linked to educational videos, fact-checking websites, and news analysis to encourage interactive, contextual, and adaptive learning in response to digital information challenges. This study employs the ADDIE development model, which consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The research subjects were Indonesian university students enrolled in journalism courses. Product validation was conducted by journalism content experts, visual and animation media design experts, and curriculum and learning experts. The research instruments included expert validation sheets and student response questionnaires. The results indicate that the developed learning media fall within the feasible to highly feasible categories. Students provided positive responses regarding the clarity of the material, visual quality, ease of QR code access, and relevance in enhancing fact-verification skills. This media is considered effective as an innovative learning alternative in fostering critical thinking, resistance to manipulation, and a truth-oriented mindset.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION FOR GENERATION Z AND ALPHA: PEDAGOGICAL TRANSFORMATION, DIGITAL ENGAGEMENT, AND CHARACTER FORMATION
Islamic education is currently confronted with unprecedented challenges due to the rapid socio-technological transformations that shape the lives of Generation Z and Generation Alpha. These generations, characterized by digital nativity, instant access to information, and global cultural exposure, demand educational approaches that differ substantially from traditional instructional models. This article aims to explore how Islamic education can be reoriented to remain relevant, effective, and value-driven for these contemporary learners. Employing a qualitative literature-based research design, this study synthesizes recent scholarly works on Islamic pedagogy, digital learning, character education, and generational theory. The findings reveal that conventional teacher-centered and memorization-focused approaches are increasingly insufficient to address learners’ cognitive styles, moral challenges, and spiritual needs. Instead, Islamic education for Generation Z and Alpha requires an integrative framework that combines learner-centered pedagogy, responsible use of digital technology, and systematic character formation rooted in Islamic values. The discussion highlights the importance of contextualized curriculum design, teacher professional development, and collaboration between schools, families, and communities. This article concludes that the future sustainability of Islamic education depends on its capacity to harmonize Islamic epistemology with pedagogical innovation, fostering religious understanding, ethical consciousness, and social responsibility among young Muslims in a rapidly changing world.
LINKAGE OF JOURNALS, LEDGERS AND BALANCE SHEETS IN THE ACCOUNTING CYCLE
This research aims to analyze the interrelationship of journals, ledgers and balance sheets in the accounting cycle and their implications for the reliability of accounting information. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data obtained through literature studies, document analysis. Data analysis was carried out by examining the flow of recording, consistency between stages, and the control function in the accounting cycle. The results showed that the journal served as the basis for recording transactions that determined the precision of the general ledger, while the balance sheet served as a verification and control tool to ensure the balance of the records. The interrelationships of the three components are sequential and interdependent. The reliability of accounting information is largely determined by the accuracy of the initial recording and the conceptual understanding of accounting.
THE GENEROUS GEN: FOSTERING SUSTAINABLE CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) INITIATIVES FOR GEN-Z IN THE DIGITAL AGE
This study examines how sustainable Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives can be designed to genuinely engage Generation Z in the digital era. Employing a qualitative exploratory approach, the research centers on Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) conducted with Gen-Z participants to capture their perspectives, expectations, and critical evaluations of current CSR practices. These discussions were analyzed alongside a systematic review of contemporary CSR literature and digital campaign case studies. The FGDs revealed that for Gen-Z, the sustainability of an initiative is intrinsically linked to authentic co-creation, radical transparency via digital platforms, and tangible, narrated impact. Findings indicate that traditional, top-down CSR models are perceived as inauthentic, while initiatives offering participatory roles, digital storytelling, and clear ethical narratives foster a sense of ownership and sustained engagement. The study concludes that fostering sustainable CSR requires a paradigm shift towards open, dialogic, and digitally-integrated frameworks where Gen-Z are not merely an audience but active collaborators. This research provides a stakeholder-informed conceptual model for designing CSR that aligns with the values and digital behaviors of the future’s key influencers.
JOURNAL ABOUT LEARNING ISLAM THROUGH ENGLISH REGILIOUS MOVIES, BILAL BIN RABBAH
The incorporation of English-language media into Islamic education is gaining traction as educators seek pedagogical approaches that combine language development with religious and moral instruction. This study investigates the use of the English religious animated film Bilal: A New Breed of Hero as a teaching tool for Islamic ideals while also improving English comprehension abilities. Using a qualitative descriptive methodology, this study investigates students' perceptions, engagement, and interpretative responses to the video in an Islamic educational setting. Data were gathered through classroom observations, reflective worksheets, and semi-structured interviews with students. The study found that English religious films promote contextualized language exposure, boost student motivation, and aid in the internalization of Islamic ideals such as perseverance, justice, faith, and resistance to oppression.The film's narrative and visual aspects assist bridge linguistic gaps, making complicated historical and theological topics more accessible to students. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that religious films can serve as an effective multimodal learning resource, integrating cognitive, emotive, and moral components of learning. This study adds to the increasing body of literature on value-based English language acquisition by arguing that well chosen Islamic movies can enhance English-mediated Islamic education in culturally sensitive ways.
TEACHING ISLAM TO GENERATION Z: NEW STRATEGIES IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION
The rapid evolution of digital culture and communication has profoundly reshaped how Generation Z engages with knowledge, identity, and religious understanding. As digital natives, this generation interacts with religious content through diverse online platforms, requiring educational approaches that are both pedagogically effective and contextually relevant. This study examines contemporary strategies for teaching Islam to Generation Z learners, with particular emphasis on the integration of digital technology, relevance to youth socio-cultural contexts, and the application of learner-centered pedagogical models. Drawing on a mixed-methods research design conducted within Islamic educational settings in Indonesia and selected international contexts, this study combines quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, focus group discussions, and classroom observations. Quantitative data were collected to measure students’ attitudes toward various instructional methods and their perceptions of the relevance of Islamic content, while qualitative data provided deeper insights into learners’ experiences and educators’ pedagogical practices. The study investigates how digital platforms, participatory learning approaches, and contextualized curricula influence students’ religious understanding, engagement, and ethical reflection. The findings indicate that traditional teacher-centered approaches are increasingly less effective for Generation Z learners, who demonstrate stronger engagement and comprehension when exposed to interactive, discussion-based, and multimedia learning environments. Participants responded positively to instructional strategies that connect Islamic teachings with real-world ethical challenges, personal development, and contemporary social issues. Furthermore, the results highlight the growing importance of digital literacy and critical thinking skills in enabling young learners to critically evaluate and discern religious content encountered online. Despite these opportunities, the study also identifies key challenges, including the need to balance classical Islamic scholarship with modern pedagogical tools, as well as concerns about maintaining authenticity and fidelity to core Islamic principles amid rapid technological change. The study concludes by offering practical recommendations for Islamic educators and institutions, including the adoption of structured digital learning frameworks, continuous teacher professional development, and curriculum designs that align Islamic values with the lived realities of Generation Z learners
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH ISLAMIC BOOKS IN CHILDHOOD EDUCATION FOR ENHANCING READING SKILL
This study looks at how English-language Islamic literature supports holistic development and improves reading abilities in young children. Teachers have included books that include Islamic principles into English language instruction due to the growing requirement for literacy competence in both language and moral frameworks. We investigate the effects of faith-based English literature on young learners' reading comprehension, vocabulary acquisition, and engagement using a mixed-methods methodology that includes quantitative reading evaluations and qualitative interviews with teachers and parents. The results show that English-language Islamic literature promoted motivation and identity development in addition to enhancing reading comprehension and fluency. There is discussion of the implications for literacy teaching methods and curriculum design in multicultural classrooms.
DEVELOPING POSITIVE SELF-CONCEPT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH ISLAMIC EDUCATION: A GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING APPROACH
Developing a positive self-concept in early childhood is a fundamental aspect of personality formation that influences emotional, social, and moral development. Islamic education plays a significant role in shaping children’s self-concept by instilling faith-based values, moral conduct, and a sense of identity rooted in Islamic teachings. This study aims to examine how Islamic education contributes to the development of a positive self-concept in early childhood from a guidance and counseling perspective. The research employs a literature review method by analyzing relevant national and international journal articles, books, and empirical studies published within the last decade. The findings indicate that Islamic education fosters positive self-concept through value internalization, role modeling, habituation of religious practices, and supportive teacher–child interactions. Furthermore, guidance and counseling approaches in early childhood education emphasize preventive and developmental services that strengthen children’s self-awareness, self-esteem, and social adjustment in accordance with Islamic principles. Integrating Islamic educational values with guidance and counseling strategies can effectively support holistic child development. This study concludes that Islamic education, when aligned with guidance and counseling approaches, plays a crucial role in nurturing a positive self-concept in early childhood.
THE ROLE OF ADJUSTMENT JOURNALS IN PRESENTING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Research This aim For study in a way comprehensive role journal adjustment in increase quality presentation report finance , in particular report profit loss , balance sheet , and reports change equity . The research method used is method descriptive qualitative with approach studies literature , namely analyze book text accounting , standards accountancy finance , as well as journals relevant scientific research results . show that journal adjustment own a very important role in implementation principle accrual , principle matching principle, and the principle fairness presentation report finance . Through journal adjustments , income and expenses can recognized in the appropriate period , so that profit or resulting losses reflect performance the real company . In addition , the journal adjustments also contribute in presentation position accurate finances with display mark appropriate assets , liabilities , and equity with condition real company. With Thus, the implementation journal precise and consistent adjustments can increase relevance, reliability, and comparability of reports finance as base taking decision economy.
READING ISLAMIC PROPHETIC STORIES IN ENGLISH TO HELP BOARDING SCHOOL STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR FAITH
Islamic boarding schools place a strong emphasis on the growth of students' faith, but modern students are increasingly interacting with languages from throughout the world, especially English. This study investigates how reading English-language Islamic prophetic stories can strengthen boarding school students' faith. Students from an Islamic boarding school took part in structured reading exercises utilizing English prophetic narratives as part of a mixed-methods study. Semi-structured interviews, reading comprehension assessments, religious perception scales, and questionnaires were used to gather data. The results show that exposing students to English-language Islamic prophetic stories not only improves their religious comprehension but also fortifies their faith, moral reflection, and spiritual awareness. Additionally, because of the writings' contextual significance, students showed increased motivation to learn English. According to this study, incorporating English-language Islamic literature into religious instruction can be a successful teaching method for promoting faith and improving language proficiency in Islamic boarding schools.
STUDY OF CONSUMER PROTECTION REGARDING INFORMATION ON NON-HALAL FOOD PRODUCTS LABELED HALAL
Consumer protection is a manifestation of the principles of justice, legal certainty, and benefit in economic law , so it is necessary to increase consumer knowledge, awareness, and skills in choosing products that meet standards regarding halal, security, safety, and comfort. Muslims need to know clear information regarding halal and haram products, such as food, drinks, cosmetics, medicines and other goods. Meanwhile, business actors have a big responsibility for the goods they sell, including ensuring that the products meet all legal requirements and quality standards , including halal certification and labeling of products produced must comply with established regulations. This research uses a normative juridical research method , namely a process for finding legal rules, legal principles with using library research materials related to legal principles, legal systematics, the relationship between one regulation and another. Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance (UUJPH), the Job Creation Law, and Government Regulation Number 39 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of the Halal Product Assurance Sector, are regulations regarding consumer protection related to halal product information. And if business actors do not fulfill their obligations, they will be subject to administrative sanctions, in the form of verbal warnings, written warnings, administrative fines, revocation of halal certificates , withdrawal of goods from circulation, and even imprisonment. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) plays an important role in providing protection to consumers related to the halal certification process , namely determining the halal status of products through fatwa sessions, and convey religious opinions regarding. The halalness of products , because the Indonesian Ulema Council ( MUI ) is recognized as a religious institution that has the competence to determine the halal status of a product . The Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM) is not an institution that issues halal certificates, but the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM) still has an important and strategic role, the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM) can carry out supervisory actions according to its authority, where a product can have a distribution permit from the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM), but cannot be claimed as halal without a halal certificate. Conversely, a halal certificate does not replace the distribution permit from the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM).
THE EFFECT OF STUDENT-CENTERED PAI LEARNING ON STUDENTS' LEARNING INDEPENDENCE AND UNDERSTANDING OF ISLAMIC VALUES AT AL HIJRAH MIDDLE SCHOOL MEDAN
This study aims to examine the effect of student-centered Islamic Education (PAI) learning on students’ learning autonomy at SMP Al Hijrah Medan. The research is motivated by the persistence of teacher-centered instructional practices in Islamic Education, which may limit students’ independence in managing their learning processes. This study employed a quantitative approach with a correlational survey design. The sample consisted of 30 students selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis included normality testing, reliability testing, descriptive statistics, and simple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that student-centered PAI learning has a positive and significant effect on students’ learning autonomy. The coefficient of determination shows that a substantial proportion of the variance in learning autonomy is explained by the implementation of student-centered learning in Islamic Education. These findings suggest that learning approaches that actively involve students contribute significantly to the development of independent learning skills. This study provides practical implications for strengthening student-centered instructional strategies in Islamic Education to foster students’ learning autonomy and character development.
ETHICAL GOVERNANCE OF MULTI-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS IN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC TEACHINGS: ADDRESSING CONSUMERISM IN GENERATION ALPHA
The rapid transformation of household economic structures, particularly the rise of multi-income households, has significantly reshaped consumption patterns across generations. In parallel, Generation Alpha children born from approximately 2010 onwards has emerged as the most digitally immersed and consumption-exposed generation in history. This study examines the ethical governance of multi-income households through the lens of Islamic economic teachings and evaluates their relevance in addressing the growing culture of consumerism influencing Generation Alpha. Using a qualitative normative-analytical approach supported by contemporary socio-economic literature, this paper integrates Islamic ethical principles such as tawhid, adl (justice), wasatiyyah (moderation), amanah (trust), and maslahah (public interest) into household financial governance. The findings suggest that Islamic ethical governance offers a comprehensive framework capable of guiding consumption behavior, strengthening moral education within families, and mitigating excessive consumerism among Generation Alpha. The study contributes to Islamic economic scholarship by linking household governance, ethical consumption, and intergenerational moral development.
ENHANCING NEWS LITERACY IN INDONESIA TROUGH MICROSITE DEVELOPMENT
The development of digital technology has transformed patterns of news consumption from conventional media to digital platforms. However, this shift has also contributed to the widespread dissemination of hoaxes, misinformation, and disinformation. Low levels of news literacy among digital media users have further exacerbated this condition, as evidenced by limited abilities to verify sources and distinguish facts from opinions. This study aims to describe the state of news literacy within Indonesian society and to analyze the role of microsite development as an effort to strengthen news literacy. Microsites are selected as a strategic educational medium due to their focused content, structured presentation, and minimal distractions compared to large-scale websites. Through Indonesian society, the development of a microsite is expected to serve as a systematic educational space that helps the public transition from passive information consumers to active and critical participants. This research is expected to contribute academically to the study of digital media literacy and practically to the development of effective and sustainable media literacy initiatives.
MATHEMATICS LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON RESILIENCE, INNOVATION, AND THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL EDUCATION
Mathematics learning in the digital age faces new dynamics due to the acceleration of technology, the abundance of data, and global disruption that demands a more adaptive approach to education. This article explores how Islamic values, particularly the concepts of resilience and innovation, can be an interdisciplinary foundation for developing mathematics learning that is resilient, creative, and relevant to the needs of the times. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study analyzes global challenges in mathematics education, such as the digital divide, data literacy, artificial intelligence, and 21st century competency needs. The results of the study show that the integration of Islamic epistemology can strengthen students' learning resilience, foster high-level thinking skills, and support pedagogical innovation through the ethical and meaningful use of digital technology. This article offers a conceptual framework for Islamic values-based digital mathematics learning in response to the ever-evolving global demands.
THE MORALS OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE DIGITAL ERA, VIEWED FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
The rapid growth of the digital age has significantly transformed the economic activities of the younger generation, particularly those aged 18–30 years. Young people are increasingly involved in social media commerce, online buying and selling, freelancing, and other forms of digital entrepreneurship. While these developments offer greater flexibility and economic opportunities, they also raise serious concerns about the decline of moral principles such as honesty, accountability, and justice in digital economic practices. The absence of face-to-face interaction, combined with anonymity and intense competition, often creates ethical challenges that are difficult for young people to navigate. This study examines the moral behavior of young individuals engaged in digital economic activities from an Islamic perspective. It highlights key Islamic ethical values, including adl (justice), amanah (trustworthiness), ihsan (excellence in conduct), and tawhid (the unity and consciousness of God), as essential foundations for ethical economic behavior. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study collected data through 20 in-depth interviews and a survey of 350 young participants actively involved in the digital economy. The findings reveal that although most participants possess basic knowledge of Islamic moral values, many struggle to consistently apply these principles in digital environments. Factors such as peer pressure, lack of ethical guidance, and limited understanding of how Islamic ethics relate to digital practices contribute to this gap. The study concludes that integrating Islamic ethical teachings into digital literacy and economic education programs can help address these challenges. By doing so, ethical awareness and responsible behavior among young digital economic actors can be strengthened. This research contributes valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and community leaders seeking to promote morally grounded participation in the digital economy.
GEN Z's FINANCIAL LIFESTYALE FROM AN ISLAMIC PRESPECTIVE
This study explores the financial lifestyle of Generation Z through an Islamic ethical framework, analyzing the interplay between digital finance, modern consumer culture, and religious principles. As digital natives, Gen Z leverages e-wallets, fintech platforms, and social commerce for daily transactions, savings, and investments, which fosters convenience but also amplifies risks of impulsive spending and debt normalization. From an Islamic perspective, wealth is regarded as a divine trust (amanah), mandating management that adheres to halal (lawful) standards and avoids riba (usury), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and israf (extravagance). The research identifies a critical tension: while digital trends encourage instant gratification and lifestyle consumption, Islamic teachings advocate for moderation (wasatiyyah), ethical discipline, and social responsibility emphasizing savings, syariah compliant investments, and wealth distribution through zakat and charity. This dissonance underscores the necessity for enhanced Islamic financial literacy tailored to digital contexts. The study concludes that through targeted education, family guidance, and community based programs, Gen Z can be empowered to harmonize contemporary financial behaviors with enduring Islamic values, fostering a lifestyle that balances economic well being with spiritual integrity and social equity.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE VALUE OF HONESTY (SHIDDIQ) TO FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY
Honesty (shiddiq) is a fundamental ethical value in Islamic teachings that emphasizes truthfulness, integrity, and moral responsibility. In the context of modern financial reporting, this value is increasingly relevant as organizations face persistent challenges related to manipulation, earnings management, and declining public trust. This study aims to examine the relevance of the value of honesty (shiddiq) in enhancing financial reporting quality. Using a qualitative normative approach supported by contemporary accounting literature, this research analyzes the conceptual alignment between Islamic ethical values and internationally recognized financial reporting principles. The findings indicate that shiddiq is closely aligned with key qualitative characteristics of financial information, including faithful representation, reliability, transparency, and accountability. The internalization of honesty as an ethical foundation encourages preparers of financial statements to present information fairly and truthfully, thereby reducing opportunistic behavior and information asymmetry. Furthermore, the study highlights that ethical commitment complements regulatory frameworks by strengthening moral awareness beyond formal compliance. This research contributes to the growing discourse on ethical accounting by integrating religious moral values with modern financial reporting practices. It suggests that embedding the value of honesty within organizational culture can significantly improve financial reporting quality and restore stakeholder confidence in financial information.
AI-ASSISTED WRITING INSTRUCTION IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION CONTEXT
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly influenced instructional practices across educational disciplines, including religious education. In Islamic education, writing skills play a critical role in developing students’ intellectual, spiritual, and moral reasoning through reflective and analytical expression. This article explores the implementation of AI-assisted writing instruction within the Islamic education context, focusing on its pedagogical relevance, effectiveness, and ethical considerations. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach supported by limited empirical data from classroom observations and document analysis, the study examines how AI tools can enhance students’ writing competence while maintaining alignment with Islamic educational values. The findings indicate that AI-assisted writing instruction supports idea development, language accuracy, and learner autonomy when integrated with teacher guidance and ethical frameworks. However, concerns related to over-reliance, originality, and value internalization remain significant. The study concludes that AI can serve as a supportive pedagogical tool rather than a replacement for teachers, provided its use is critically mediated within Islamic educational principles.
FAMILY ECONOMIC ROLES IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS: AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
This article examines the influence of family economic conditions on the quality of life of children with special needs through an Islamic perspective. By integrating insights from economics, disability studies, and Islamic ethics, the study explores how economic resources, financial decision-making, and moral responsibilities within Islam shape family support systems. Quality of life in this context is understood as a multidimensional concept that includes physical health, psychological development, emotional well-being, and social participation of children with special needs. Families with limited economic resources face significant barriers in accessing essential services such as health care, inclusive education, rehabilitation programs, and long-term therapies. These limitations often increase financial stress, reduce parental capacity to provide optimal care, and negatively affect the overall well-being of the child. Empirical studies show that strong family functioning, parental resilience, and community-based social support can mitigate these challenges, indicating that economic empowerment and social assistance play a crucial role in improving outcomes. From an Islamic viewpoint, economic responsibility is not merely a material obligation but also a moral duty rooted in principles such as justice (ʿadl), compassion (raḥmah), and mutual cooperation (taʿāwun). Islam emphasizes the protection and care of vulnerable groups, including children with special needs, and promotes equitable distribution of resources through family, community, and institutional mechanisms such as zakat and social solidarity. This study underscores the importance of family-centered care and collective responsibility within Islamic ethics as a foundation for enhancing quality of life. It further recommends inclusive socio-economic policies aligned with Islamic values to reduce inequality and promote holistic well-being for children with special needs.
ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON PROPERTY OWNERSHIP AND CONSUMERISM IN GENERATION Z
This study looks at contemporary economic property ideas from an Islamic philosophical standpoint and evaluates how they affect Generation Z's consumerism. Property is viewed by most modern economic systems as an unalienable individual right that permits unrestrained accumulation and spending. Islamic philosophy, on the other hand, views ownership as conditional, non-absolute, and ethically responsible under the amanah (trust) principle. This study uses a qualitative philosophical analytical approach, combining modern literature on consumerism and generational behavior with Islamic intellectual writings. The results show that, especially in digital and consumer oriented situations, absolute ownership frameworks support identity driven and excessive purchase practices among Generation Z. By redefining property as responsibility rather than entitlement and placing an emphasis on moderation, social obligation, and moral accountability, Islamic ownership ethics provide a normative alternative. The study comes to the conclusion that Islamic philosophical ideas offer a pertinent moral framework for dealing with contemporary consumerism and encouraging younger generations to engage in more ethical and sustainable economic conduct.
BUILDING RURAL ECONOMIC ECOSYSTEMS THROUGH A COMMUNITY-BASED COIN BARTER MECHANISM: A CASE STUDY AT LADANG EDUKASI, SEI MENCIRIM, MEDAN
This study examines an innovative community-based economic model implemented at Ladang Edukasi in Sei Mencirim, Medan, where a unique coin-based barter system stimulates local transactions. Unlike formal currency systems, this mechanism utilizes specially designed coins as a medium of exchange within a curated bazaar ecosystem. Visitors exchange cash for coins at a central counter, which are then used to purchase products from local micro-enterprises (UMKM). In turn, UMKM participants contribute a small percentage of their earnings as a venue fee. Qualitative observation and stakeholder interviews reveal that this model enhances local economic engagement, fosters a sense of community ownership, and creates a self-reinforcing cycle of rural economic vitality. The coin system serves not only as a transactional tool but also as a social innovation that strengthens resilience, encourages sustainable consumption, and aligns with Islamic economic principles such as fairness, transparency, and shared prosperity. This study concludes that community-driven barter mechanisms can serve as effective, low-cost strategies for revitalizing rural economies and promoting inclusive growth in the post-digital era, with potential for replication in similar global contexts.
DIGITAL STORYTELLING AND IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION: DEVELOPING ISLAMIC-THEMED MULTIMEDIA FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD ENGLISH EDUCATION
The increasing integration of digital technology into educational contexts has reshaped instructional practices, particularly in early childhood education where learners are highly responsive to multimodal stimuli. Among these innovations, digital storytelling has gained global recognition for its capacity to enhance language acquisition, learner engagement, and socio-cultural development. In multicultural and religiously grounded educational environments, digital storytelling also functions as a powerful medium for identity construction, enabling young learners to negotiate meaning while affirming cultural and religious values. This study investigates the design, implementation, and pedagogical impact of Islamic-themed multimedia digital storytelling in early childhood English education. Specifically, it examines how English language learning objectives can be harmoniously integrated with Islamic moral values to support both linguistic development and religious identity formation. Employing a design-based research approach, the study involved the systematic creation of multimedia English learning stories embedded with Islamic narratives appropriate for young learners. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured teacher interviews, and pre- and post-assessments of learners’ language performance. The findings reveal that Islamic-themed digital storytelling significantly enhances English vocabulary acquisition, listening comprehension, and learner motivation. Moreover, the integration of familiar religious themes supports positive identity construction by reinforcing moral values, cultural familiarity, and emotional engagement. This study contributes to the growing body of research on culturally responsive and faith-based pedagogy, offering practical insights for educators seeking to integrate religious identity within global English education frameworks without compromising linguistic rigor.
THE ROLE AND FUNCTION OF NOTARIES/LAND DEED OFFICIALS IN AGRARIAN REFORM
Agrarian reform is a strategic government policy aimed at restructuring land tenure and ownership to achieve social justice and public welfare. In its implementation, the role of Notaries and Land Deed Officials (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah/PPAT) is crucial in ensuring legality and legal certainty over land redistribution. This study examines the role and function of Notaries/PPAT in the implementation of agrarian reform based on applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia. The research adopts a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach, analyzing primary legal materials such as statutes and regulations, as well as secondary materials including books and scholarly articles. The results show that Notaries/PPAT play key roles in drafting authentic deeds, facilitating the transfer of land rights, assisting land registration processes, and providing legal counseling to beneficiaries of land redistribution. Through these functions, Notaries/PPAT contribute significantly to orderly land administration, legal certainty, and the prevention of agrarian disputes. Therefore, their involvement is essential to the successful and sustainable implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia.
LISTENING AS AN ETHICAL PRACTICE: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES ON ATTENTIVE LEARNING
In second and foreign language instruction, listening is typically viewed as a receptive skill whose main purpose is to facilitate the growth of productive skills, especially speaking. Listening is marginalized in instructional practice and assessment because it is frequently reduced to a technical process of decoding language input and responding to comprehension questions within this prevailing framework. However, the intricate cognitive, affective, social, and ethical aspects of listening as an active human behavior are not taken into consideration by such an instrumental viewpoint. From an ethical and educational perspective, listening serves as a fundamental practice that significantly influences communication competence, oral engagement, and the caliber of spoken expression rather than only serving as a preliminary skill. This essay explores listening's function in improving speaking abilities in language learning environments and rethinks it as an ethical activity based on Islamic educational philosophy. The study places listening beyond surface-level comprehension toward deeper moral, cognitive, and affective engagement by drawing on fundamental Islamic ethical concepts like adab al-istima‘ (the ethics of listening), khushu‘ (attentive humility and presence), ikhlas (sincerity of intention), and amanah (responsibility and trust in communication). According to this theory, listening is a deliberate, morally charged act that necessitates respect for the speaker, focused attention to meaning, receptivity to understanding, and moral responsibility in speaking in response. In terms of methodology, the study uses a qualitative descriptive research approach that is bolstered by semi-structured interviews, reflective learner journals, and classroom observations from an English-speaking course at an Islamic university. With this method, students' life experiences, listening habits, ethical consciousness, and perceptions of how listening affects their speaking development can all be thoroughly examined. The analysis focuses on how ethically oriented listening practices influence patterns of attentiveness, interactional behavior, emotional engagement, and oral performance. The results show that learners significantly improve in several aspects of speaking ability when listening is clearly defined and practiced as an ethical duty rather than a passive receptive activity. These include improved pragmatic appropriateness, more coherence in spoken conversation, improved pronunciation and lexical choice, higher fluency, and crisper articulation. Additionally, affective effects like greater self-assurance, less speaking anxiety, and a greater sense of communicative duty are all facilitated by ethically grounded listening. Interpersonally, these methods create a classroom atmosphere that is marked by respect for one another, empathy, orderly turn-taking, and meaningful conversation. By providing a value-based reconceptualization of listening that incorporates Islamic ethical principles with communicative language instruction, the study advances the field of language education. It emphasizes listening as a moral, educational, and transforming activity that fosters ethical communication and character development in addition to improving speaking ability. This study presents a different paradigm for comprehending the development of oral skills and practical consequences for language pedagogy, especially in Islamic and values-oriented educational contexts, by emphasizing the ethical aspects of listening.
THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN STRENGTHENING INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM IN ACCOUNTING
Internal control systems are a central pillar of accounting practice, designed to ensure the reliability of financial reporting, safeguard organizational assets, and support accountability and governance. Despite the global adoption of formal internal control frameworks, accounting failures and ethical violations continue to occur, indicating that procedural mechanisms alone are insufficient to address behavioral and moral risks. This study examines the role of religion in strengthening internal control systems in accounting by providing an internal moral compass that complements formal control mechanisms. Religion shapes ethical awareness, self-discipline, and moral accountability, influencing individual behavior beyond organizational rules and legal sanctions. Employing a qualitative conceptual research design, this study synthesizes contemporary literature on internal control systems, accounting ethics, religiosity, and organizational governance published between 2019 and 2024. The analysis reveals that religion strengthens internal control systems through three primary mechanisms: reinforcing the control environment, encouraging self-regulation and moral responsibility, and reducing opportunistic behavior in accounting practices. Religious values enhance trust, transparency, and ethical resilience, thereby improving the effectiveness and sustainability of internal control systems. This study contributes to accounting and governance literature by positioning religion as an informal yet powerful control mechanism. The findings suggest that organizations seeking long-term accountability and ethical sustainability should integrate moral and religious values into their internal control environments alongside formal accounting controls.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES IN MODERN FINANCIAL SYSTEMS
This study aims to comprehensively analyze the implementation of Islamic economic principles in modern financial systems that are still dominated by conventional paradigms. The research method used is qualitative literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach that examines various current literature sources from indexed journals in Indonesia, official publications of financial institutions, and regulatory developments over the past ten years. The results reveal that the core principles of Islamic economics such as the prohibition of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), maysir (speculation), as well as emphasis on distributive justice, transparency, social responsibility, and risk-sharinghave been successfully accommodated in various modern financial instruments. This implementation is clearly visible in the significant development of Islamic banking, rapid growth of the sukuk (Islamic bonds) market, emergence of Islamic fintech, and Islamic insurance products in Indonesia. However, this integration process still faces various multidimensional challenges, including the lower level of Islamic financial literacy and inclusion compared to conventional finance, the need for more comprehensive and adaptive regulations, the gap in competent human resources in both sharia and modern finance, and intense competition with the established conventional financial system. The conclusion of this research is that the integration of Islamic economic principles into modern financial systems is not only complementary but also has the potential to correct various excesses of the conventional financial system, thereby enhancing the stability, inclusiveness, and sustainability of the national financial system. The successful optimization of this implementation requires continuous and strategic synergy between regulators, industry players, academics, and the public through intensive education, authentic product innovation, and strengthening of supportive legal frameworks.
ISLAMIC THOUGHT AS A FRAMWORK FOR ENHANCING WRITING SKILLS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Students' intellectual, moral, and spiritual development is greatly influenced by Islamic character education, especially in higher education. This essay explores how Islamic character education shapes students' Islamic thinking and how it can be methodically included as a framework to improve university-level academic writing abilities. This study investigates the connection between Islamic beliefs, critical thinking, and writing proficiency using a conceptual and qualitative literature-based methodology. The results show that Islamic character education promotes structured reasoning, introspective thinking, and disciplined expression—all essential elements of successful academic writing in addition to strengthening ethical awareness and worldview coherence. In order to produce graduates who are morally and intellectually grounded, the paper suggests an integrative paradigm that unifies Islamic epistemology, character development, and writing instruction. In addition to offering useful recommendations for curriculum development in Islamic and mainstream higher education institutions, this study adds to the conversation on value-based education.
IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE ICE-BREAKING ACTIVITIES FOR ISLAMIC KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION TO IMPROVE CLASSROOM FOCUS AND ENJOYMENT
Early childhood education requires learning environments that support children’s cognitive, emotional, and social development. In Islamic kindergarten education, maintaining classroom focus while nurturing enjoyment poses a unique pedagogical challenge, as learning activities must align with Islamic values and developmental needs. Ice-breaking activities are widely recognized as effective strategies to refresh attention, reduce anxiety, and create positive learning atmospheres. This study aims to examine the implementation of effective ice-breaking activities in Islamic kindergarten classrooms and their impact on students’ learning focus and enjoyment. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through classroom observations, teacher interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that well-designed ice-breaking activities such as Islamic songs, movement-based games, and short storytelling significantly enhance students’ attention, emotional engagement, and classroom participation. The study concludes that ice-breaking activities, when intentionally integrated and culturally contextualized, serve as an effective pedagogical tool to improve both focus and enjoyment in Islamic kindergarten education.
FAITH-BASED ECONOMIC ETHICS IN CASHLESS SOCIETIES
The global acceleration toward cashless societies, propelled by fintech innovations and central bank digital currencies, profoundly challenges entrenched faith-based economic ethics derived from Islamic, Christian, and Jewish traditions. Core principles such as equitable wealth distribution (zakat, tithing, tzedakah), prohibition of usury (riba), and divine stewardship of resources confront novel dilemmas including algorithmic opacity, biometric surveillance, and systemic exclusion of the unbanked—estimated at 1.4 billion individuals, disproportionately in faith-dense regions. This comprehensive study employs a comparative interdisciplinary framework to dissect doctrinal adaptations, empirical case studies from Nigeria's cashless policy disruptions and Indonesia's shariah-compliant GoPay ecosystem, alongside bibliometric mapping of 2018-2026 scholarship. Findings illuminate resilient mechanisms like blockchain-verified charity and interest-free P2P lending, juxtaposed against eschatological apprehensions (e.g., Revelation 13's "mark of the beast") and privacy erosions. Islamic maqasid al-shariah emerges as a blueprint for inclusive fintech, while Christian and Jewish ethics underscore vulnerability safeguards. Policy implications advocate embedding faith-derived norms into global standards like PSD2 and UPI, fortifying socioeconomic resilience in post-digital paradigms. This work pioneers cross-faith metrics for ethical fintech evaluation, urging regulators and scholars to harmonize technological efficiency with moral imperatives for humane financial futures.
THE FLUENCE OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES FOR ISLAMIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed methods of instruction and education in a variety of educational situations. AI presents specific opportunities for boosting learning efficiency in senior Islamic schools while upholding Islamic beliefs and pedagogical standards. This study looks into why AI use affects learning activities and the educational process in senior Islamic institutions. The study investigates how AI facilitates student engagement, instructional utility, and personalized education using a qualitative-descriptive method of research based on current academic literature. The results show that AI-based solutions have a beneficial effect on learning activities by assist teachers to manage learning processes, enabling adaptive instruction, and facilitating formative assessment. However, issues including ethical quandaries, teacher readiness, and conformity to Islamic principles of learning continue to be major obstacles. The study comes to the conclusion that, when used sensibly and in accordance with moral and religious rules, AI can effectively help senior Islamic education.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY
The basic distinctions and philosophical connections between Islamic and global economic philosophy are examined in this essay. The classical, neoclassical, Keynesian, and neoliberal traditions that have defined mainstream global economic systems place a strong emphasis on growth, efficiency, and rational self-interest while viewing ethical issues as outside the purview of economic research. Islamic economic thought, on the other hand, incorporates social fairness, moral principles, and spiritual responsibility as essential elements of economic activity. This study examines important aspects such as human behavior, wealth ownership, market dynamics, financial ethics, redistribution, and the role of the state using a qualitative comparative method. The results show that although global economic theory is highly efficient technically, it frequently lacks an inherent ethical framework to deal with systemic instability and inequity. On the other hand, Islamic economic philosophy presents a normative economic model that strikes a balance between material success, social wellbeing, and moral responsibility. This study comes to the conclusion that Islamic economic philosophy should be seen as a comprehensive ethical framework with substantial relevance to current global economic difficulties and policy discussions, rather than only as a religious alternative.
ROLE-PLAY ACTIVITIES USING ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL CONTEXTS TO ENHANCE ENGLISH SPEAKING
For English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, speaking fluency is still a significant obstacle, especially in situations where exposure to real-world communication is scarce. This study looks into how well role-playing exercises integrated into Islamic educational settings might improve students' English-speaking abilities. It is anticipated that learners will feel less anxious, be more engaged, and perform better orally when communication activities incorporate well-known religious and moral themes. In this study, secondary EFL students took part in structured role-playing sessions over the course of one academic term using a quasi-experimental methodology. Speaking assessments, observation checklists, and learner reflections were used to gather data. The results show that students who participated in role-playing exercises with an Islamic setting significantly improved their fluency, vocabulary utilization, and communicative confidence. According to the study's findings, culturally sensitive role-playing is a successful teaching method for enhancing speaking proficiency while being true to students' identities and values.
The Five Pillars of Islam—Shahada (declaration of faith), Salah (ritual prayer), Zakat (almsgiving), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage)—constitute the foundational framework of Muslim religious life, shaping spiritual, ethical, and social dimensions of individual and communal practice. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the Five Pillars by synthesizing classical theological perspectives, contemporary scholarly literature, and empirical observations of Muslim communities across diverse socio-cultural contexts. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including literature review, thematic synthesis, and observational data analysis, the research explores how each pillar is understood, taught, and practiced, highlighting both the spiritual significance and social impact of these obligations. Findings reveal that the pillars collectively function as mechanisms for faith formation, ethical development, community cohesion, and social solidarity, while also demonstrating adaptive practices in response to cultural, economic, and geographic factors. Pedagogical insights indicate that interactive, reflective, and contextually relevant educational strategies enhance comprehension and internalization of pillar practices among learners. The study underscores the dynamic interplay between doctrinal fidelity and lived experience, emphasizing the continued relevance of the Five Pillars in fostering moral development, spiritual growth, and communal identity in contemporary Muslim societies. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of Islam as both a personal and collective system of belief and practice, offering implications for religious education, intergenerational transmission of faith, and community-based interventions.
ISLAMIC MORAL ECONOMY AS AN ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR GLOBAL ECONOMIC CHALLENGES
Islamic Moral Economy offers an alternative framework for addressing persistent global economic challenges, including economic inequality, financial instability, poverty, and ethical deficiencies in contemporary economic systems. Mainstream economic models often emphasize profit maximization and market efficiency, which can lead to social imbalance and moral neglect. In contrast, Islamic Moral Economy integrates ethical values with economic practices, prioritizing justice, social responsibility, and collective well being. This framework promotes equitable wealth distribution, discourages exploitative financial practices, and encourages responsible production and consumption. Social finance instruments such as zakat, waqf, and charitable redistribution play a significant role in reducing poverty and strengthening social solidarity. By incorporating moral, social, and economic dimensions, Islamic Moral Economy provides a holistic and sustainable approach to economic development. This value-based framework demonstrates relevance beyond religious boundaries and offers a viable response to ongoing global economic challenges in an increasingly interconnected world.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS IN PROMOTING HONEST AND FAIR BUSINESS PRACTICES
Islamic economics emphasizes social responsibility, fairness, and honesty as its fundamental principles, offering a strong ethical foundation for corporate and economic activities. These principles aim to guide economic behavior toward transparency, justice, and mutual benefit for all stakeholders, including producers, consumers, and society at large. Unlike purely profit-driven economic systems, Islamic economics places moral values at the core of business decision-making, ensuring that economic growth does not come at the expense of social welfare. Honesty plays a crucial role in building trust between market participants, as truthful disclosure and ethical conduct reduce fraud and misinformation. Justice, on the other hand, ensures that business transactions do not result in exploitation, inequality, or unfair advantage. A defining feature of Islamic economics is the prohibition of riba (usury), which seeks to prevent unjust wealth accumulation and reduce socioeconomic disparities. By eliminating interest-based exploitation, Islamic economics encourages risk-sharing and productive investment. In addition, Islamic economics discourages gharar, or excessive uncertainty, in contracts and transactions. This prohibition promotes clarity, accountability, and transparency in business dealings, reducing the potential for disputes and unethical practices. Businesses are therefore expected to operate responsibly, not only to maximize profits but also to uphold moral obligations toward society. By applying these ethical principles, Islamic economics supports the development of morally responsible businesses that contribute to social stability and long-term economic sustainability. Ultimately, this framework demonstrates that ethical values and economic efficiency are not contradictory. Instead, Islamic economics provides a universal moral framework capable of fostering a fair, trustworthy, and sustainable business environment.
ROLE OF ISLAMIC VALUES THE AS A BASIS FOR FINANCIAL DECISION-MAKING IN GENERATION Z
This study examines the role of Islamic values in financial decision-making among Generation Z, particularly amid the widespread use of digital financial services. Generation Z is often faced with various financial choices that can influence their spending patterns and money management. Therefore, Islamic values such as the principles of halal and haram, the attitude of qana’ah , amanah , and balance are important guidelines for managing finances wisely.The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which Islamic values play a role in shaping the financial decisions of Generation Z. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 200 Muslim Generation Z youths aged 18 to 25 who frequently use digital financial applications, such as e-wallets or online payment services. The respondents’ answers were then collected and processed to examine the relationship between Islamic values and their financial decision-making behavior. The data were analyzed using simple statistical methods to determine whether Islamic values have a significant influence on the financial decisions of Generation Z. The conclusion of this study indicates that Islamic values play an important role as a moral foundation in helping Generation Z make more responsible and moderate financial decisions. This research is expected to serve as a basis for strengthening Islamic value-based financial literacy, particularly in the digital era.
ISLAMIC FINANCE AS AN ETHICAL ALTERNATIVE IN THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM
The recurring crises in the global financial system have intensified debates about ethics, social responsibility, and sustainability in conventional finance. Events such as the 2008 financial crisis, growing income inequality, and speculative practices have exposed structural weaknesses in interest-based, profit-driven systems. These challenges have prompted the search for alternative financial models that integrate ethical and social considerations with economic activity. Islamic finance has emerged as a value-based system that aligns financial objectives with moral and social principles derived from Sharia (Islamic law). Rooted in the Qur’an, Sunnah, and Islamic jurisprudence, it emphasizes justice (‘adl), fairness, accountability, and social welfare (maslahah). Key principles include the prohibition of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and maysir (speculation), alongside risk-sharing, asset-backed financing, transparency, and contractual clarity. Financial instruments such as profit-and-loss sharing (mudarabah, musharakah), zakat, waqf, and socially responsible investments promote inclusion, equitable wealth distribution, and ethical accountability. By linking finance to tangible economic activity and discouraging speculative behavior, Islamic finance contributes to systemic stability, reduces financial risk, and fosters sustainable development. This study examines Islamic finance as a practical ethical framework capable of addressing moral deficiencies in conventional finance, offering a globally relevant model for justice, financial stability, and socially responsible economic growth.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT THE CROSSROADS OF ADOLEASCEANCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND IDENTITY
Islamic education plays a pivotal role in shaping adolescents’ moral frameworks, spiritual identities, and social agency. As digital technology becomes increasingly interwoven into adolescents’ everyday lives, traditional modes of Islamic knowledge transmission face both challenges and opportunities. This paper explores how technology mediates adolescents’ engagement with Islamic education, and how this interaction influences identity formation. Drawing on a mixed-methods study involving survey data from 450 Muslim adolescents and in-depth interviews with 30 of those participants, we analyze patterns of technology use, religious learning preferences, and self-reported identity development. Findings reveal that digital platforms—including mobile applications, online discussion forums, and multimedia resources—serve as significant sites for religious exploration, enabling youth to access diverse interpretations and engage in community building beyond local contexts. However, technology also introduces conflicting narratives that adolescents must negotiate, which can complicate identity coherence. The study highlights how educators and families can leverage digital tools to support constructive religious learning while mitigating risks of superficial engagement or fragmentation of religious identity. This research contributes to the literature on religion, adolescence, and digital culture, offering implications for curriculum design, pedagogical practice, and faith-based community support in a technologically saturated era.
FINANCIAL MINDFULNESS: SYARIAH ECONOMIC STRATEGIES IN OVERCOMING LIFESTAYLE STREES IN THE POST DIGITAL ERA
This study explores the role of financial mindfulness and Shariah-based economic strategies in addressing lifestyle related stress among individuals in the post-digital era. Rapid technological advancements and digital consumption have intensified financial pressures, particularly among millennials and Generation Z, leading to emotional and psychological stress. By integrating principles of financial mindfulness such as conscious spending, budgeting, and ethical investment with Shariah-compliant financial practices, individuals can achieve both financial stability and spiritual well-being. This research employs a qualitative approach through literature review and case studies to examine effective strategies for reducing lifestyle stress while adhering to Islamic economic ethics. Findings indicate that mindful financial management, combined with Shariah-compliant principles, fosters responsible consumption, reduces impulsive digital-driven spending, and promotes long-term financial resilience. The study highlights that incorporating religious and ethical financial awareness into daily decision making is a practical approach to mitigating lifestyle stress in the modern digital economy. These insights contribute to the development of sustainable personal finance models that align economic behavior with spiritual values, offering guidance for policymakers, educators, and practitioners in Islamic finance.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC FINANCE IN ENHANCING FINANCIAL STABILITY AND ECONOMIC INCLUSION IN THE POST-PANDEMIC ERA
financial literacy, and product innovation. The study highlights policy implications for strengthening Islamic finance as a sustainable and inclusive financial system. Islamic finance has emerged as an ethical and resilient alternative to conventional financial systems, emphasizing risk-sharing, asset-backed transactions, and social justice. This study aims to examine the contribution of Islamic finance to financial stability and economic inclusion in the post-COVID-19 era. Using a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2018 and 2025, this study synthesizes empirical findings on Islamic banking, sukuk, zakat, and waqf. The results indicate that Islamic finance contributes positively to financial system resilience and inclusion, particularly in Muslim-majority countries. However, challenges remain in regulatory harmonization.
THE GLOBAL LANDSCAPE OF SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING IN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION: TRENDS, SHIFTS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
This study aims to map the global research landscape related to spiritual well-being in the context of religious education using bibliometric analysis. Data were collected from the Scopus database for the period 2019–2026, resulting in a final corpus of 104 documents after undergoing a rigorous screening process. Data analysis was performed using R (Bibliometrix) and VOSviewer software to extract performance metrics and visualize keyword networks. The results show a significant growth in publication volume, peaking in 2025. The United States, Iran, and Indonesia emerged as major contributors in this field. Network analysis revealed that this topic is multidisciplinary, linking religiosity to mental health aspects such as social support, anxiety, and depression. In addition, a paradigm shift was found from a theoretical focus towards clinical applications and practical interventions in education. This study concludes that spiritual well-being is a crucial element in the holistic development of students in the modern era, and provides a foundation for future researchers to explore the use of technology in spiritual interventions.
DIGITAL LIFESTYLE PRESSURES AND THE RESILIENCE OF RELIGIOUS VALUES IN FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING IN DIGITAL ERA
The digital era has generated unprecedented lifestyle pressures that increasingly shape individual financial decision making. Constant exposure to social media platforms, online marketplaces, and algorithm-driven advertising has amplified consumer aspirations, normalized instant gratification, and blurred the distinction between genuine needs and socially constructed desires. Within this environment, individuals are frequently encouraged to equate consumption with identity, success, and social belonging. This study examines how digital lifestyle pressures influence financial decision making and investigates the extent to which religious values function as resilience mechanisms in responding to these pressures. Using a qualitative-dominant mixed-method approach, data were collected through questionnaires, focus group discussions, and semi-structured interviews involving young adults, parents, and educators in Indonesia. The findings reveal that digital lifestyle pressures often lead to impulsive spending behavior, increased reliance on consumer credit, and consumption patterns driven by social comparison. The pervasive visibility of curated lifestyles online intensifies financial stress and weakens long-term financial planning, particularly among younger generations. However, the study also finds that individuals with a strong internalization of religious values tend to demonstrate higher levels of financial self-control, ethical awareness, and future-oriented decision making. Religious values operate not merely as external moral prescriptions but as internalized frameworks that regulate emotions, restrain excessive desire, and encourage moderation and responsibility. In this sense, religious commitment functions as a moral filter that mediates digital temptations and promotes conscious financial choices. This study contributes to existing scholarship by positioning religious values as adaptive ethical resources that strengthen financial resilience and ethical awareness within the complex landscape of contemporary digital consumer culture.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION AND MORAL DEVELOPMENTOF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT
Moral development has become a central concern in contemporary education, particularly at the senior high school level where adolescents experience significant cognitive, emotional, and identity-related transitions. Islamic education holds a strategic position in addressing moral formation by integrating spiritual values, ethical reasoning, and character education. This conceptual article examines the role of Islamic education in fostering the moral development of senior high school students through a synthesis of contemporary scholarly literature. Drawing on Islamic educational philosophy, moral psychology, and secondary education studies, the article analyzes how Islamic education contributes to value internalization, moral reasoning, and ethical behavior among adolescents. The discussion highlights key dimensions of moral development, including faith-based ethics, character cultivation, and social responsibility, while also addressing challenges posed by globalization, digital culture, and value pluralism. The findings suggest that Islamic education, when delivered through contextualized pedagogy and reflective learning approaches, can significantly support students’ moral growth during adolescence. This article concludes that strengthening Islamic education in senior high schools requires an integrative framework that aligns religious values with students’ lived experiences and contemporary social realities.
TERM DEPOSITS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW
Term deposits are widely used as financial instruments in modern banking systems due to their stability and predictable returns. However, their compatibility with Islamic economic law remains a subject of ongoing scholarly debate, particularly when implemented under conventional banking frameworks. Islamic economic law emphasizes the prohibition of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and unjust enrichment, while promoting fairness, risk-sharing, and real economic activity. This study aims to examine time deposits from the perspective of Islamic economic law by analyzing their legal structure, underlying contractual mechanisms, and economic implications. Using a normative–juridical and qualitative approach, this research evaluates time deposits through the lens of fiqh muamalah, Qur’anic principles, Prophetic traditions, and contemporary Islamic economic thought. The findings indicate that conventional time deposits are fundamentally inconsistent with Islamic economic law due to their predetermined interest-based returns and risk-free nature. Conversely, Sharia-compliant alternatives such as mudharabah-based deposits demonstrate closer alignment with Islamic legal and ethical principles when properly implemented. This study contributes to the discourse on Islamic finance by offering a critical yet constructive framework for assessing deposit instruments within Islamic economic law.
CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN CASES OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE (A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LAW NUMBER 12 OF 2022 ON CRIMINAL ACTS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE AND ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAW)
This research examines corporate criminal liability in cases of sexual violence through a comparative study between Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence and Islamic Criminal Law. The increasing cases of sexual violence involving corporations as perpetrators or facilitators necessitate a comprehensive legal framework to ensure accountability. This study aims to analyze the concept of corporate criminal liability in sexual violence cases under Indonesian positive law, particularly Law Number 12 of 2022, and compare it with the principles of criminal liability in Islamic Criminal Law. The research employs normative legal research methods with statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal that Law Number 12 of 2022 recognizes corporations as legal subjects that can be held criminally liable for sexual violence, implementing the principle of vicarious liability and corporate culture as basis for accountability. Meanwhile, Islamic Criminal Law does not explicitly recognize corporations as criminal subjects, focusing instead on individual accountability based on the principle of personal responsibility. However, Islamic legal concepts such as ta'zir punishment and the principle of preventing harm (sadd al-dzari'ah) provide alternative mechanisms for addressing corporate involvement in sexual violence. This research concludes that while both legal systems differ in their approach to corporate liability, integrating principles from Islamic Criminal Law could strengthen the enforcement of Law Number 12 of 2022, particularly in developing preventive measures and restorative justice mechanisms in cases of corporate-related sexual violence.
SHARIA-BASED FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE ERA OF GENERATION Z: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES AMID DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Global financial ecosystems have changed due to the quick development of digital technology, which presents both opportunities and difficulties for accountability in Sharia-compliant financial institutions. In the context of Generation Z, a generation distinguished by strong ethical and social ideals and digital proficiency, this, study examines the idea of Sharia-based financial accountability. While underlining important issues including technology adaption, Sharia compliance, and generational expectations, it looks at how digital transformation affects financial reporting, organizational transparency, and stakeholder confidence. This study highlights the increasing importance of digital tools—like digital banks, Sharia fintech platforms, and automated reporting systems—in improving compliance, transparency, and ethical financial behavior among Generation Z professionals and consumers. It does this by drawing on recent empirical research and theoretical developments. The results also highlight enduring obstacles, such as the need to close gaps in Sharia financial literacy, guarantee strong regulatory and governance frameworks, and strike a balance between high-tech innovation and adherence to fundamental Islamic principles. The study comes to the conclusion that, if financial institutions incorporate education, governance norms, and user-centric digital design into their operational frameworks, carefully utilizing digital transformation can reinforce Sharia-based accountability. There includes discussion of the practical ramifications for financial managers, educators, and legislators.
BEING A YOUNG MUSLIM IN GLOBALIZED; WHY ENGLISH MATTERS TO PROMOTE ISLAM IN THE WORLD
Abstract In a world growing more interconnected by the day, Islam is frequently portrayed through international communication networks that don't always reflect its fundamental principles. This study looks at how proactive communication might help spread the true message of Islam in the "global square."The study makes the case that "speaking"—defined as strategic, moral, and articulate participation in public discourse—is now a religious and societal requirement by examining current developments in digital globalization and the difficulties posed by Islamophobia. The study, which employs a qualitative literature review approach, finds that good communication promotes interfaith understanding, breaks down preconceptions, and fortifies the Ummah's global identity. The conversation emphasizes how, despite the potential for cultural deterioration, globalization offers Muslims hitherto unheard-of opportunities to share their principles of justice, compassion, and peace (Rahman) with a worldwide audience.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH ISLAMIC STORIES FOR ISLAMIC CHILDHOOD: STORYTELLING AS A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH
In early childhood education, storytelling has long been acknowledged as a potent instructional strategy, especially when it comes to imparting cultural identification, language abilities, and values. Storytelling is used in Islamic early childhood education as a moral and spiritual tool based on Islamic principles in addition to being a tool for language development. This article examines how English-language Islamic stories influence Islamic childhood, emphasizing the ways in which English-language storytelling aids in early language learning, character education, and the development of religious identities. This study examines the pedagogical effectiveness of English Islamic storytelling for young learners in Islamic educational contexts using a qualitative descriptive approach backed by pertinent literature. The results show that, in a worldwide setting, English Islamic stories improve children's moral comprehension, promote multilingual language development, and cultivate favorable views toward Islamic ideals. The study comes to the conclusion that incorporating English Islamic storytelling into early childhood curricula is a successful tactic for holistic child development that blends global communication skills with faith-based education.
UNDERSTANDING ZAKAT PAYMENT BEHAVIOR IN DIGITAL PLATFORMS: MOTIVATIONS AND BARRIERS
This study aims to understand zakat payment behavior on digital platforms by examining the main motivations and barriers that influence Muslims' decisions to pay zakat online. The rapid development of financial technology and digital zakat platforms has transformed traditional zakat practices, but adoption remains uneven across society. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method through a literature review of scientific journal articles, books, and academic publications relevant to digital zakat, user behavior, and Islamic social finance. The analysis was conducted descriptively and analytically to identify patterns, concepts, and key findings in the related literature. The results indicate that ease of use, trust in digital platforms, transparency in zakat fund management, and religious awareness and understanding are the main factors driving digital zakat payments. While dominant barriers include concerns about data security, low digital literacy, limited understanding of platform credibility, and a preference for direct or conventional zakat distribution. This study concludes that although digital platforms offer efficiency and accessibility, strengthening trust, improving system security, and educating the public are key factors in increasing the adoption of digital zakat, and provides conceptual and practical implications for zakat institutions, policymakers, and digital platform developers in designing a zakat payment system that is more inclusive, trustworthy, and in line with religious values and technological developments.
REFRAMING ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH AN ISLAMIC ETHICAL LENS IN CONTEMPORARY CLASSROOMS
English's widespread use as an international language has sparked serious questions about ethical and cultural congruence, especially in religious educational settings. English language instruction is frequently seen as culturally neutral in classes with a majority of Muslims, despite the fact that its resources and teaching methods subtly convey moral and ideological principles. The purpose of this paper is to rethink English language instruction from an Islamic ethical perspective, emphasizing ethics as a crucial component rather than an add-on.This study synthesizes current research on character-based pedagogy, Islamic ethics, and English language instruction using a qualitative conceptual research approach.The results imply that incorporating Islamic ethical concepts—such as accountability, intention (niyyah), respect, and moral responsibility—can enhance English language instruction without sacrificing linguistic goals. In modern schools, this reframing enables English instruction to serve as a vehicle for ethical awareness and identity preservation in addition to being a communication tool.By putting out an ethically sound paradigm that balances global language acquisition with Islamic moral principles, the study offers a fresh viewpoint on teaching English.
Resilience and Innovation: Islamic Interdisciplinary Approaches to Global Challenges in the Post-Digital Age
This study examines the integration of Islamic ethical principles with modern health systems to address global healthcare disparities in the post-digital age. As digital transformation reshapes medical delivery, there is a critical need for innovative frameworks that balance technological efficiency with the holistic values of Maqasid al-Shari’ah (the objectives of Islamic law). Utilizing a qualitative interdisciplinary approach, the research analyzes current health innovations, such as telemedicine and AI-driven diagnostics, through the lens of Islamic bioethics and social justice. Results indicate that incorporating faith-based resilience strategies enhances community trust and improves the efficacy of health interventions in Muslim-majority regions and beyond. The study concludes that an Islamic interdisciplinary model fosters a more resilient and equitable health system by prioritizing human dignity and collective well-being over purely algorithmic decision-making. These findings suggest that integrating spiritual and ethical dimensions into digital health policy is essential for navigating future global health challenges.
A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as behavior that goes beyond job descriptions, will emerge if driven by various factors. These factors can come from within the individual or organization. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence OCB. The research method used is qualitative, where researchers conduct literature searches to dig deeper into the variables that are thought to influence OCB. The journals collected and analyzed are national and international journals. The results of the study show that the variables that influence OCB are Employee Engagement, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Climate, Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction. Because of the importance of OCB for organizational performance and effectiveness, organizations must strive for their human resources to be willing to demonstrate OCB, and organizations need to encourage the emergence of Employee Engagement, practice Transformational Leadership, maintain organizational commitment of all human resources, create a conducive organizational climate, implement organizational culture that is the basis for achieving goals and create HR job satisfaction.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SYARIAH MARKETING STRATEGIES AND INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY IN IMPROVING MSME MARKETING PERFORMANCE
Research purposes This is For knowing the right marketing strategy in increase MSME performance supported by technology innovation in implementing efficient, effective and aligned strategies with principles sharia marketing. Research This involving 100 respondents MSME actors in Medan City who have operate more useful, halal business from One year with purposive sampling technique. Research method use approach quantitative with data analysis through analysis path in the PLS4 application. Test results show that marketing strategy influential significant to performance marketing, marketing strategy influential significant to technology innovation and technology innovation influential significant to performance marketing. In addition, technology innovation play a role as variables mediation between marketing strategy and performance Marketing of MSMEs in Medan City. Implications study confirm that MSMEs need increase Power competition products and businesses run with still hold sharia values such as honesty, transparency, usefulness, and avoid harmful practices from mutual efforts partner, so that can open greater market opportunities wide, providing sustainable welfare.
STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZING THE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS OF RISOL MAYO MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMEs) IN MEDAN
This study aims to analyze the channel optimization strategy of Risol Mayo MSMEs in Medan to expand market reach and improve consumer accessibility. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that channel optimization can be achieved through the integration of online and offline channels, the use of digital platforms such as WhatsApp Business, Instagram, and marketplaces, and the organization of a region-based distribution system. Strengthening partnerships with local resellers has also proven effective in expanding marketing reach. In addition, service quality, response speed, and product information availability are important factors in improving consumer accessibility. This strategy has an impact on increasing product visibility, ease of ordering, and market expansion, thereby strengthening business competitiveness and sustainability.
REALISM AND ANTI-REALISM APPROACHES IN THE REINTERPRETATION OF SACRED NOTION IN MOSQUE ARCHITECTURE
The debate over the sacred meaning in mosque architecture has become increasingly prominent with the emergence of mosque construction that tends to emphasize aesthetic and symbolic aspects, but sometimes neglects the spiritual dimension and the experience of sacredness. In this context, an epistemological issue arises regarding how sacredness is understood, whether as an objective reality inherent in space and form (realism), or as a subjective construction born from human experience of space (anti-realism). The main problem of this study lies in the reduction of sacred meaning, which causes mosque architecture to lose its spiritual value and become merely a visual representation without depth of meaning. This study aims to reinterpret the notion of sacredness in mosque architecture through a critical examination of two philosophical approaches to knowledge, realism and anti-realism, in order to formulate a new and more comprehensive. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method based on a literature review, examining recent books and scientific journals that discuss the philosophy of realism and anti-realism, the theory of sacred space, and studies of contemporary Islamic architecture. This reinterpretation opens up the understanding that mosque architecture is not merely a place of worship, but a space for mediation between transcendence and social life.
DEVELOPING MENTAL RESILIENCE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: AN ISLAMIC EDUCATION AND COUNSELING APPROACH
Mental resilience in early childhood is essential for psychological well-being and navigating life's challenges. This library research study examines: (1) Islamic perspectives on early childhood resilience development, (2) Islamic-based resilience-building strategies, and (3) practical implications for guidance and counseling services. The methodology involved analyzing Qur'anic verses, Hadith, Islamic literature on character development, and early childhood education resources.Findings reveal that Islam emphasizes character-building from early ages through principles including tawakkul (trust in Allah), sabr (patience), gratitude, and faith-based self-concept. Islamic approaches focus on spiritual foundation development, moral education, emotional regulation through religious practices, and nurturing family-community support systems.Practical implications for guidance and counseling include: (1) preventive programs integrating Islamic values in early childhood settings, (2) spiritual-religious approaches in play therapy and interventions, (3) enhanced parental involvement through Islamic parenting education, and (4) age-appropriate resilience modules based on Islamic stories and practices.The study concludes that Islamic perspectives offer a comprehensive framework for nurturing early childhood mental resilience, complementing contemporary approaches while providing spiritual and moral grounding that supports holistic child development and long-term psychological well-being.
COST STRUCTURE MANAGEMENT OF BUKO PANDAN MICRO ENTERPRISES IN MEDAN
This research examines cost structure management as a strategic driver for achieving efficiency and sustainable profitability within Buko Pandan Creamy micro-enterprises. The study utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach with a multiple case study design, focusing on micro-business owners in Medan. Primary data were gathered through direct observation and structured interviews with Buko Pandan entrepreneurs. This descriptive method was selected to provide a detailed and systematic overview of cost management practices and their subsequent impact on profitability. The findings reveal that the cost structure of these micro-enterprises is heavily dominated by variable costs, with Direct Raw Material Costs identified as the primary risk component. This study provides a granular analysis of cost structures within the culinary MSME sector in regional markets. Furthermore, it proposes an evidence-based cost structure management model that offers relevant and practical recommendations for micro-entrepreneurs transitioning toward sustainable profitability.
RESILIENCE AND INNOVATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION: AN ISLAMIC INTERDISCIPLINARY RESPONSE TO GLOBAL CHALLENGES IN THE POST-DIGITAL AGE
The post-digital age has profoundly reshaped educational practices, presenting both opportunities and challenges for physical education (PE). While digital technologies offer innovative pedagogical possibilities, they also intensify concerns related to sedentary lifestyles, ethical ambiguity, and the erosion of holistic human development. This study aims to conceptualize resilience and innovation in physical education through an Islamic interdisciplinary framework as a response to contemporary global challenges. Employing a qualitative integrative literature-based methodology, this article synthesizes scholarly works from physical education pedagogy, resilience theory, post-digital studies, and Islamic educational philosophy. The findings reveal that resilience in PE is a multidimensional construct encompassing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual-ethical dimensions, while innovation extends beyond technological adoption toward value-oriented pedagogical transformation. Islamic principles such as hifz al-nafs (preservation of life), wasathiyah (balance), amanah (responsibility), and ihsan (excellence) provide a coherent ethical foundation that strengthens both resilience and innovation in post-digital PE contexts. This study contributes theoretically by integrating Islamic epistemology into global physical education discourse and practically by offering a culturally inclusive framework for developing resilient and ethically grounded PE practices. Future research is encouraged to empirically examine the proposed framework across diverse educational and cultural settings.
ANALYSIS OF MORAL HAZARD IN ISLAMIC PEER-TO-PEER LENDING FINTECH IN INDONESIA
Moral hazard is a risk that occurs when one party has more information than the other. Moral hazard is closely related to fraudulent behavior that benefits one party and harms the other. Sharia P2P lending fintech is highly susceptible to moral hazard in its operations. The present study aims to identify the sources and forms of moral hazard and to examine how mitigation efforts can minimize it. This qualitative study uses a literature review approach and the SLR (systematic literature review) method to analyze secondary data from available journals and books. The study's results reveal three sources of moral hazard: information asymmetry, weak corporate governance (GCG) by the platform operator, and weak supervision and regulation by stakeholders. Moral hazard is divided into three categories: borrower, platform operator, and lender. The forms include speculative behavior, unplanned investment, lack of transparency, excessive growth orientation, fraud, weak credit scoring, misuse of funds, non-compliance with agreements, conflict of interest, weak payment supervision, and incompetence of the DPS. Mitigation efforts include increasing education and literacy, improving transparency, strengthening the corporate governance (GCG) of platform operators, and strengthening stakeholder supervision and regulation. Mitigation efforts must be carried out to ensure the sustainability of Sharia P2P lending Fintech.
The Effectiveness of Wordwall Learning Media on Students' English Learning Outcomes: A Literature Review
This study aims to systematically examine the use of Wordwall as a learning medium in improving students' English learning outcomes. The method used was a literature review, reviewing national and international scientific articles, proceedings, and research reports relevant to the use of Wordwall in learning. The results of the study indicate that Wordwall, as an interactive digital learning medium, effectively increases student motivation, engagement, and understanding of the material through varied and enjoyable learning activities, such as quizzes, word games, matching, and game-based exercises. These activities encourage student activeness and participation and create student-centered learning. The conclusion of this study confirms that Wordwall is an innovative and relevant learning medium to support improved English learning outcomes, particularly in vocabulary mastery and material comprehension.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC COUNSELING IN STRENGTHENING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN IN THE MODERN ERA
Communication between parents and children plays a crucial role in fostering healthy and harmonious family relationships. However, in today's rapidly evolving world and technology, communication between parents and children faces various challenges. This is because children interact more with digital media than with their parents. This article examines the role of Islamic counseling in strengthening communication between parents and children amidst the dynamics of change, and examines how Islamic principles can be applied in this context. An approach that emphasizes values such as compassion, patience, honesty, and mutual respect has the potential to strengthen parent-child relationships. The research method used is a literature review, employing a qualitative descriptive approach, through analysis of relevant literature such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and Islamic counseling theories. By implementing Islamic counseling, communication between parents and children can be improved not only through words or verbal exchanges, but also through deeper emotional and spiritual understanding. Thus, Islamic counseling serves not only as a means of problem-solving but also as a preventative tool for building healthy and harmonious relationships amidst the increasingly rapid development of the times.
CHALLENGES OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION DYNAMICS IN THE GLOBALIZATION CURRENT, ITS IMPACT ON MADRASAH SCHOOLS IN NORTH SUMATERA (RESEARCH STUDY OF MUHAMMADIYAH ALIYAH MADRASAH)
The transformation of educational institutions in facing global challenges has become an urgent need in line with the increasingly complex dynamics of the world. (Akrim, 2025:15) The development of globalization has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including in the field of Islamic education. The phenomenon of globalization not only affects the mindset and behavior of individuals but also poses new challenges for Islamic educational institutions, both schools and madrasahs. (Qordowi, 2010:15) This study aims to analyze in depth the dynamics of Islamic education in facing the currents of globalization and to examine the extent of its influence on the education system. (Ilma Ayunina, 2019:48) The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation (Sugiono 2013:9) Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, as well as conclusion drawing and verification. (Milles, 2020:31) The results of the study indicate that globalization has posed significant challenges to Islamic education. (Quraish Shihab, 1996:102) However, schools and madrasahs that are able to innovate in learning methods, strengthen religious character, and utilize digital technology without abandoning Islamic values can survive and even thrive amid the currents of globalization. (Azra, 2012:88) This study emphasizes the importance of the role of teachers and leaders of Islamic educational institutions in maintaining the balance between technological advancement and the nobility of the students' morals. (Daulay Putra, 2007) Where the researcher highlights the Muhammadiyah Madrasah school to be studied regarding the CHALLENGES OF THE CURRENT AND DYNAMICS OF GLOBALIZATION.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CREDITORS AGAINST THE CRIMINAL ACTS OF EMBEZZLEMET OF BANKCRUPTCY ASSETS BY CORPORATIONS
Bankruptcy is a legal mechanism intended to ensure the fair and proportional distribution of a debtor’s assets among its creditors in accordance with the principle of pari passu prorata parte. However, in practice, corporate debtors frequently commit the criminal act of embezzlement of bankruptcy assets by concealing, transferring, or reducing the value of assets that should form part of the bankruptcy estate. Such actions not only harm creditors as rightful beneficiaries but also undermine legal certainty and the effectiveness of bankruptcy law enforcement in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the legal framework governing the criminal act of embezzlement of bankruptcy assets by corporations, examine the extent of legal certainty available to creditors, and formulate an ideal model of legal protection for creditors as victims. This study employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings indicate a legal vacuum in procedural law concerning the criminal liability of corporations for embezzlement of bankruptcy assets. Additionally, there exists regulatory disharmony between the Criminal Code, the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law, and Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 13 of 2016 regarding the prosecution of corporate crime. Therefore, legal reform is necessary through strengthened regulations, integration of criminal asset forfeiture into the bankruptcy estate process, and the consistent enforcement of corporate criminal liability doctrines to ensure effective legal protection for creditors.
BIG BOOKS, BIG IMPACT: ENHANCING EARLY LEARNERS’ READING COMPREHENSION
This study aims to: (1) describe the development of an ethnoscience-based Big Book teaching module on North Sumatra traditional food for plant part, (2) determine the validity level of the ethnoscience-based Big Book teaching module on North Sumatra traditional food, and (3) determine the practicality level of the ethnoscience-based Big Book teaching module on North Sumatra traditional food in fifith grade students. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model, which consists of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, but was limited to the development stage due to constraints of time, cost, and resources.The product generated is an ethnoscience-based Big Book teaching module for plant part that utilizes the context of North Sumatra traditional food, validated by a material expert, a design expert, and a language expert, and tested for practicality through teacher and student responses. The validation results show validity percentages of 96.8% for the material expert, 91.6% for the design expert, and 93.3% for the language expert, all of which fall into the very valid category. Practicality test results indicate percentages of 98.3% for teacher responses and 94.37% for student responses, both categorized as very practical. Thus, the ethnoscience-based Big Book teaching module on North Sumatra traditional food is declared very valid and very practical to be used as teaching material for plant topics in fifth grade of primary school teacher education.
PIONEER GLOBAL ISLAMIC UNITY THROUGH STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNIFIED GLOBAL HIJRI CALENDAR STARTING 1447 H AS A MODEL OF CIVILIZATIONAL RESILIENCE
The ongoing divergence in determining the Islamic lunar calendar has long been a challenge for Muslim unity, especially in the highly connected post-digital era where geographical boundaries are becoming increasingly irrelevant. This paper analyzes the strategic breakthrough initiated by Muhammadiyah in implementing the The Unified Global Hijri Calendar (KHGT), which began in Muharram 1447 H (2025). Using a multidisciplinary approach that combines astronomical algorithms (astronomy) and contemporary Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), this study evaluates the implementation of the KHGT not merely as an administrative adjustment, but as a model of resilience and profound civilizational innovation. This research highlights how the transition from locally bound Wujudul Hilal to a globally integrated KHGT represents an epistemological shift necessary to address the demands of a united global Muslim community. By examining astronomical data for 1447 AH, including crucial corrections to the start of Ramadan and the underlying fiqh reasoning, this study argues that Muhammadiyah's pioneering step offers a concrete and scientifically robust solution to the centuries-old problem of Islamic calendar dualism. The findings show that this implementation serves as a blueprint for global Islamic governance, proving that Islamic tradition has an inherent resilience to adapt and lead in the modern scientific era.
ANALYSIS OF ROLE OF ISLAMIC ASTRONOMY STUDENT ASSOCIATION IN FACILITATING ACADEMIC AND NON-ACADEMIC STUDENT DEVELOPMENT WITHIN FIELD OF ISLAMIC ASTRONOMY
The Astronomy Student Association (HMJ) is a student organization at the department level that serves as a forum for student academic and non-academic development. This study aims to analyze student perceptions of the effectiveness of the HMJ's role in supporting students' scientific competence and social skills. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 16 respondents and analyzed using frequency distribution tables, pie charts, mean values, and standard deviations. The results showed that the majority of students gave ratings in the range of 33–37 (37%), followed by a range of 38–42 (25%), indicating that HMJ is considered quite good in carrying out its functions. The mean value of 37.8 indicates a tendency for positive perceptions of HMJ's contributions, especially in hisab rukyat training activities, seminars, organizational development, and socio-religious programs. However, the standard deviation value of 6.3 indicates a fairly high variation in perceptions among members, especially regarding the distribution of benefits from activities. Overall, the Astronomy Student Association (HMJ Ilmu Falak) is considered to have played a fairly effective role as a facilitator of students' academic and non-academic development, although program optimization is still needed so that the benefits are more evenly distributed.
THE EFFECT OF SP2DK ISSUANCE ON FINANCIAL REPORT CORRECTIONS ON TAX REVENUE WITH THE ROLE OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AS A MODERATING VARIABLE IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (2020–2023)
This study analyzes the effect of the issuance of Letters of Request for Explanation of Data and/or Information (SP2DK) regarding financial statement corrections on tax revenue in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020-2023 period, considering the role of good corporate governance (GCG) as a moderating variable. This study is motivated by empirical inconsistencies regarding the effectiveness and contribution of SP2DK to tax revenue, as well as the limited quantitative evidence linking SP2DK to the quality of financial reporting and corporate governance. Secondary data were collected from tax administrations and financial statements and company annual reports, resulting in 48 company observations. The analysis used multiple linear regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results show that the number of SP2DK has a significant positive effect, while the level of correction has a significant negative effect on tax revenue. GCG is proven to moderate the relationship between the level of correction and accuracy of financial statements with tax revenue. This finding confirms that the effectiveness of SP2DK in increasing tax revenue is not only determined by the frequency of its issuance, but is also influenced by the quality of financial statement corrections and strong corporate governance practices. This research contributes to tax revenue and provides practical insights for tax authorities and companies in optimizing SP2DK design, financial reporting practices, and governance to increase tax revenue.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HILAL OBSERVATION ACTIVITIES IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF DETERMINING THE BEGINNING OF THE HIJRI MONTH
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of hilal observation activities in enhancing students’ understanding of the determination of the beginning of the Hijri month. Hilal observation is an essential component of Islamic astronomy, as it integrates theoretical knowledge of hisab with direct rukyat practices. This research employed a descriptive quantitative method using a questionnaire distributed to 30 students of the Ilmu Falak study program who had participated in hilal observation activities. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques, including frequency distribution, graphical presentation, and measures of central tendency and data dispersion. The results indicate that the mean score was 44, the median was 46.2, and the mode was 47.63, indicating that students’ understanding was at a good to very good level. The standard deviation of 5.33 and variance of 28.4 suggest that the data distribution was relatively homogeneous and consistent. These findings demonstrate that hilal observation activities are effective in improving students’ understanding of the determination of the Hijri month and play a significant role in strengthening applied learning in Islamic astronomy.
THE EFFORT TO IMPROVE AL-QURAN READING SKILLS THROUGH MAGHRIB MENGAJI PROGRAMS ON PERJUANGAN STREET, MEDAN SUNGGAL
This study examines the Maghrib Mengaji program as a community-based initiative aimed at improving children’s Al-Qur’an reading skills on Perjuangan Street, Medan Sunggal. The study is motivated by declining Qur’anic literacy among children due to social changes, increased digital distractions, and reduced communal religious activities. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through non-participant observations and interviews with a several parties. Findings reveal that the program is implemented regularly in local mosques and prayer rooms through structured yet adaptable learning activities, including Hijaiyah letter recognition, Iqra’ reading, Qur’anic recitation, tajwid instruction, writing practice, and memorization of short surahs. The program significantly enhances children’s reading fluency, pronunciation, and application of tajwid rules while promoting discipline, religious habits, and character development. Its success is supported by strong collaboration among teachers, parents, mosque management, and the community. Challenges such as limited teaching staff, differences in learning abilities, insufficient facilities, and digital distractions were identified. The study concludes that the Maghrib Mengaji program provides an effective model for community-based non-formal Islamic education, demonstrating its potential to strengthen Al-Qur’an literacy and foster religious character among children in urban settings.
SHARIA MEDIATION IN ISLAMIC BANKING DISPUTES: STRATEGIES FOR STRENGTHENING LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CUSTOMERS
Sharia mediation constitutes an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that integrates Sharia principles with conventional mediation techniques, grounded in the values of “sulh” (amicable settlement) and “tarāḍin” (mutual consent of the parties). This study examines the role of Sharia mediation in protecting the legal rights of customers in Islamic banking disputes and formulates strategies for strengthening its implementation. This study uses a normative legal research method, analyzing primary and secondary legal sources through literature review and descriptive-qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that Sharia mediation offers an efficient and cost-effective process and delivers equitable solutions based on the principles of “sulh” and “tarāḍin”. However, its effectiveness remains constrained by information asymmetry, unequal distribution of mediator resources, and low levels of legal literacy among customers.The study concludes by emphasizing the need for an integrative strategy. This strategy should include strengthening the regulatory framework, standardizing procedures, improving mediator resources and access to legal aid,as well as educating customers. These coordinated measures are crucial to optimizing Sharia mediation as a tool for legal protection within the Islamic banking system.
RECONSTRUCTION OF EVIDENCE IN CRIMINAL ACTS OF CORRUPTION AS A MEANS OF FULFILLING THE PRINCIPLE OF LEGAL CERTAINTY
Corruption crimes in Indonesia still face various serious obstacles in the aspect of proof, particularly in fulfilling the elements of the crime as formulated in Article 2 paragraph (1) and Article 3 paragraph (1) of Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption. The difficulty of public prosecutors in proving the elements of state financial loss and abuse of authority has resulted in many acquittals or releases from all legal charges, which ultimately weakens the effectiveness of corruption eradication and reduces public trust in law enforcement. This study aims to analyze the provisions of evidence in corruption crimes, assess the extent to which Article 37 of Law Number 20 of 2001 has fulfilled the principle of legal certainty, and formulate a reconstruction of evidence to strengthen the process of proof in corruption cases. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approach. The results of the study indicate that the limitations of evidence regulated in conventional criminal procedural law have not been fully able to answer the complexity of proving corruption crimes. Therefore, this study recommends a reconstruction of Article 37 of Law Number 20 of 2001 by adding provisions for the oath for the accused as additional evidence that strengthens the judge's conviction, without neglecting the principle of non-self-incrimination and the public prosecutor's obligation to provide proof. This reconstruction is expected to increase legal certainty, the effectiveness of law enforcement, and support efforts to eradicate corruption in a just manner.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN SHAPING STUDENTS' CHARACTER BASED ON NOBLE MORALS
This study aims to examine the role of Islamic guidance and counseling in shaping students’ character and moral conduct within the school environment. Islamic guidance and counseling is a mentoring service based on the values of the Qur’an and Sunnah, intended to help students develop good personality traits, -control, and behavior that aligns with Islamic teachings. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method through interviews, observations, and documentation studies involving guidance and counseling teachers (BK teachers) and students self who received counseling services. The findings show that the application of Islamic counseling techniques—such as nasehat bil-hikmah (wise advice), exemplary behavior, muhasabah (self-reflection), and worship habituation—effectively improves discipline, honesty, responsibility, and students’ respect toward teachers and peers. These findings confirm that integrating Islamic values into counseling services can shape students’ character and noble moral conduct more deeply and sustainably. The study recommends strengthening Islamic guidance and counseling programs in schools to support the creation of an educational environment rooted in character development.
STATE RESPONSIBILITY IN CONDUCTING FOREST REFORESTATION BASED ON COURT-IMPOSED FINES AGAINST COMPANIES THAT COMMIT FOREST BURNING
This paper aims to examine the responsibility of the state in carrying out forest reforestation based on court decisions imposing fines on companies that engage in forest burning. The research adopts a normative legal method, using a conceptual approach and a case approach. The study is evaluative in nature, meaning that it sets certain expectations regarding the state’s responsibility in implementing forest reforestation based on court-imposed fines, which are then assessed through evaluation. The state has an obligation to prevent, control, and restore environmental damage, including transboundary environmental harm. Although companies are the primary perpetrators, the state bears derivative responsibility to ensure that environmental restoration is conducted in accordance with global environmental law standards. The polluter pays principle must be integrated with the principle of state responsibility in environmental law, requiring the state to guarantee the effective enforcement of court decisions for the benefit of the environment and affected communities.
ONLINE DISPUTE RESOLUTION AS AN ALTERNATIF FOR CONSUMER DISPUTE SETTLEMENT IN INDONESIA
The development of information technology has brought significant changes in transaction patterns between businesses and consumers. The increase in digital transactions also implies an increased potential for disputes between the two parties. In this context, Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) has emerged as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that is efficient, fast, and cost-effective. This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of online dispute resolution . Dispute Resolution in Indonesia as a form of Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS) for consumers. The research method used is normative juridical with a conceptual and legislative approach. The results of the study show that online Dispute Online dispute resolution (ODR) has significant potential for resolving consumer disputes, but still faces obstacles such as low digital literacy, institutional limitations, and low levels of public trust. Regulatory strengthening, digital education, and synergy between institutions such as the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Financial Services Authority (SJK) are needed to support the implementation of online dispute resolution (ODR ). Dispute Resolution (ODR) that is effective and reliable.
THE LEGAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENT COMPANIES AND SUBSIDIARIES IN THE HOLDING COMPANY SYSTEM IN INDONESIA
This paper aims to examine the form of legal relationships between parent companies and subsidiary companies within the holding company system in Indonesia. This study employs normative legal research using a statute approach and a case approach. The research is explanatory in nature and uses secondary data consisting of primary legal materials such as the State-Owned Enterprises Law, the Limited Liability Company Law, and Government Regulation No. 72/2016, analyzed qualitatively. The legal relationship between a parent company and its subsidiaries arises from the establishment of several legal entities whose share ownership is controlled by the parent company, forming what is known as a holding company. The parent company acts as a central authority with the power to supervise and control its subsidiaries and is responsible for their operations. However, subsidiaries still have the authority to enter into agreements with third parties. The parent company’s responsibility toward its subsidiaries is limited and adheres to the principle of separate entities, meaning that if the subsidiary acts in bad faith, the parent company cannot be held liable.
COOPERATIVE- BASED DIGITAL COMIC MEDIA DEVELOPMENT INTEGRATED READING COMPOSITION TO IMPROVE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS
Reading comprehension instruction in elementary schools is often delivered verbally and abstractly without the support of engaging visual media. Fourth-grade students show difficulty in understanding the content of reading material, determining moral messages, and summarizing the content. This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective digital comic media based on Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) to improve the reading comprehension skills of fourth-grade elementary school students. This study uses the Research Method. and Development with the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The research subjects involved fourth-grade students at SDIT Iskandar Muda, Bekasi. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, validation questionnaires from material and media experts, and reading comprehension skills tests before and after the intervention. Validation data were analyzed qualitatively descriptively, while test data were analyzed quantitatively using statistical tests. CIRC-based digital comic media met the valid criteria with high average scores in the aspects of material suitability, language clarity, visual appeal, and ease of use. Limited trials showed this media was practical and received positive responses from students and teachers. The test results showed a significant increase in students' ability to answer reading questions, determine moral messages, and summarize the contents of the reading. The integration of digital comic visualization with the CIRC cooperative approach created an active and collaborative learning environment that effectively improved reading comprehension. This research was limited to fourth-grade students in one school and requires the availability of digital infrastructure and teacher competence in technology. This study recommends the use of CIRC-based digital comic media as an innovative alternative in teaching reading comprehension and suggests further research at higher grade levels and in online learning contexts.
Islamic religious education is the most appropriate solution for strengthening the religious character of students in the digital era. Strengthening the religious character of students must be a top priority in Islamic religious education. This study uses a qualitative approach. This type of research is literature research. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the urgency of Islamic religious education in strengthening the religious character of students in the digital era. The results of this study are that Islamic religious education is very important in strengthening the character of students in the digital era. Therefore, there needs to be the right strategy in its implementation in order to produce students with noble character in the digital era. Islamic Religious Education has a strategic role in shaping the religious character of students in the midst of the challenges of the digital era. Through the integration of Islamic values with the wise use of technology, teachers can guide students to adhere to noble morals, strengthen faith, and develop spiritual skills in a fast-paced and open era. Strengthening religious character is not only carried out through classroom learning, but also through example, habituation, supervision of the use of digital media, and collaboration between schools, families, and the environment. Thus, Islamic Religious Education is an important foundation so that students are able to sort information, behave ethically in cyberspace, and make technology a means of goodness and religious self-development.
AUTOMATIC LPG GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION SYSTEM USING MICROCONTROLLER WITH BLYNK-BASED MOBILE REAL-TIME MONITORING APPLICATION
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is an energy source that is widely used in households and industries, but LPG gas leaks can cause fire and explosion hazards. Therefore, an effective gas leak detection system is needed to improve safety. This study aims to create and develop an automatic LPG gas leak detector based on a microcontroller that can be monitored via a mobile application using Blynk. This tool uses an MQ-2 gas sensor to detect the presence of LPG gas in the air. The microcontroller used is the NodeMCU ESP32, which is equipped with a Wi-Fi module to send data to the Blynk application in real-time. This system will provide a warning via notification on the mobile application if a gas leak is detected. In addition, this tool is also equipped with a buzzer as a local sound alarm and an LED as a visual indicator to provide direct warnings at the location. The leak detector can scan the gas levels that can be monitored through the blnyk application with the provision of > 500 ppm means the danger of a gas leak that causes an explosion by providing information through a red LED light that will light up and the buzzer will sound an alarm and ESP32 will provide notification to the user via the blnyk application. > 300 ppm means be careful and the yellow LED light will light up and ESP32 will provide notification to the user via the blnyk application. < 300 ppm means safe and the green LED light will light up. The evaluation results show that this system is effective in detecting LPG gas leaks and providing a quick response to potential hazards, making it a practical and reliable solution in preventing LPG gas leaks. so this research is worthy of being used as an automatic LPG gas leak detector to avoid unwanted things such as explosions or poisoning caused by LPG gas leaks.
THE FUNCTION OF MONEY AS A MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE (MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE) IN ISLAMIC LAW
Study This aiming For to study function uan as tool exchange ( medium of change ) with use method study bibliography . Research explain How the concept of money in Islam and the function of money as tool exchange ( medium of exchange ). The experts Islamic economics recognizes the benefits of money as a medium of exchange . In the system Islamic economics , money only functioning as tool exchange (medium of exchange) and not as commodities that can traded . When money is treated as commodities by system capitalist , grow what is called the money market. This money market produce economy conventional , especially the emergence of derivatives markets , which use instrument flowers . Therefore that , money is not may So commodity trading like goods others . In Islamic law , money is not may traded except with condition must cash and must for example ( same ).
RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL INNOVATION OF MUSLIM YOUTH IN DEVELOPING SHARIA ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE DIGITAL ERA
This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial resilience and social innovation on the readiness for developing Sharia-based entrepreneurship among Muslim youth in the digital era. A quantitative approach was used with an explanatory method, involving 206 respondents from the State Islamic University of North Sumatra and the Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through the SmartPLS 3.0 application to examine relationships among latent variables. The results show that entrepreneurial resilience has a significant effect on Sharia entrepreneurship readiness (β = 0.638; p < 0.001), while social innovation also has a positive influence (β = 0.321; p < 0.001). The model explains 77.5% of the variance in Sharia entrepreneurship readiness (R² = 0.775) and demonstrates strong predictive capability (Q² = 0.518). These findings emphasize that the integration of psychological (resilience), social (social innovation), and spiritual (Islamic values) dimensions forms an essential foundation for building sustainable Sharia entrepreneurship in the digital era. Future research is recommended to explore the roles of digital literacy, spiritual leadership, and Islamic value-based learning models as moderating or mediating variables to expand the conceptual framework of Sharia entrepreneurship among young generations.
ALAY'S USE OF LANGUAGE AMONG GENERATION Z: IDENTITY, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND RESISTANCE TO LINGUISTIC NORMS
The phenomenon of Alay language reflects the changing ways Generation Z communicates in the digital era. Emerging from youth creativity on social media, this language serves not only as a communication tool but also as a marker of identity and self-expression. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study analyzes various forms of Alay language across digital platforms and reviews related literature from national and international journals. The findings reveal distinct features such as the use of numbers to replace letters, random capitalization, and word shortening—patterns that highlight the social identity and lifestyle of the digital generation. However, when this informal style enters formal settings like education or the workplace, it raises concerns about declining mastery of standard language and reduced linguistic discipline. Still, the Alay language can be viewed as a natural adaptation to social and technological change, as well as a subtle form of resistance to rigid language norms. Thus, promoting digital language literacy that balances grammatical accuracy with creative expression is essential to ensure that Indonesian remains dynamic, inclusive, and culturally relevant in the digital age.
DIGITAL-BASED SCIENCE LEARNING THROUGH ENDEMIC BIODIVERSITY AND LOCAL POTENTIAL IN NORTH SUMATRA
This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital-based science learning through the integration of endemic biodiversity and local potential of North Sumatra. The use of e-modules based on ferns studied in the Bukit Barisan Grand Forest Area, Karo Regency, was studied in class X of MAN 1 Medan. This study also examines the endemic biodiversity and local potential of North Sumatra which are utilized as learning resources as secondary data with a literature review. The results of the study showed an average of 3.40 with very good criteria in the aspects of material, language, module operation, and display. The findings of the literature study indicate that the integration of digital technology in a local context can improve scientific literacy, learning motivation and student awareness of the environment, as well as help teachers present real and contextual learning in the era of digital transformation.
THE STANDARDIZATION OF STUDENT ASSESSMENT (The Case of One Private Kindergarten)
Assessment is one of the important components to know the effectiveness of learning. This descriptive qualitative research aims to analyze student assessment standards at the kindergarten level in Tadika Al-Fikh Orchard Selangor Malaysia. Data collection techniques are done through observation, interview, and documentation. Then the data is analyzed with the interactive analysis model of Miles and Huberman, then tested by triangulation to find out the validity of the data that has been analyzed. The results of the research found that Kindergarten Al-Fikh Orchard assesses its students on six pillars, namely: pillar of communication; pillars of spirituality, attitudes, and values; pillar of self-skills; Pillars of physical and aesthetic development; the pillar of science and technology, and the pillar of humanity. The six pillars are then interpreted based on performance standards, which have three levels of mastery. The conclusion of this research shows that the assessment of students carried out by Kindergarten, is able to provide information to parents of students about the intellectual development of children at school, as well as helping teachers to reflect and evaluate in planning the right learning strategy and planning for the next level.
UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF QUR’AN LITERACY IN THE DIGITAL ERA
This study examines the understanding of the concept of Qur'an literacy in the digital era through qualitative literature studies with content and conceptual analysis. The literature study shows the evolution of the meaning of Qur'an literacy from just a technical competence of reading and writing (qira'ah) to a multidimensional concept that integrates the treasures of the classic Qur'an with the principles of modern literacy. The results of the analysis reveal four main comprehension tendencies in contemporary discourse:literacy as a functional-critical competency that includes understanding, reflection, and criticism of texts;literacy as a multidisciplinary approach that reads the Qur'an through various lenses of knowledge; literacy as a social practice and self-transformation that internalizes values; and digital literacy which involves the ability to access, select, and use digital resources about the Qur'an wisely. These findings reflect the epistemological reformulation of the Ulumul Qur'an discipline that is integrative, participatory, and contextual. The resulting Qur'an literacy concept is a dynamic competency that enables individuals to interact actively, critically, and transformatively with sacred texts, as well as use digital technology responsibly. Thus, this research offers a new perspective and enriches academic discourse on Qur'an science that is relevant to the challenges of society in the digital era.
RECONSTRUCTING ISLAMIC EDUCATION THROUGH DIGITAL INNOVATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES
This study investigates the reconstruction of Islamic education through digital innovation and its implications for transforming pedagogical practices in the era of rapid technological change. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, the study synthesizes recent international publications on educational digitalization, Islamic pedagogy, and technology-enhanced learning. The results indicate that digital innovation significantly reshapes the epistemological, methodological, and practical foundations of Islamic education. The adoption of Learning Management Systems (LMS), digital Qur’an applications, interactive multimedia, artificial intelligence, and online learning platforms has driven a shift from traditional teacher-centered instruction to more collaborative, flexible, and learner-centered pedagogies. Digitalization also enhances teachers’ pedagogical competencies, diversifies instructional strategies, and broadens access to both classical and contemporary Islamic scholarship. Nevertheless, challenges including unequal digital literacy, limited infrastructure readiness, and risks associated with technological distraction require careful consideration. Overall, the study concludes that the digital reconstruction of Islamic education is essential for ensuring relevant, adaptive, and competitive pedagogical practices in the digital age.
INTEGRATING FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY INTO ISLAMIC BANKING: A STRATEGIC APPROACH
The rapid advancement of financial technology (FinTech) presents both opportunities and challenges for the Islamic banking sector. This research addresses the problem of how Islamic banks can strategically integrate FinTech innovations while maintaining Shariah compliance. The primary objective of this study is to explore strategic approaches for implementing FinTech solutions that enhance operational efficiency, customer experience, and financial inclusion in Islamic banking institutions. Using a qualitative method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including Islamic bank executives, Shariah scholars, and FinTech developers. The findings indicate that successful integration of FinTech requires not only technological readiness but also a strong alignment with Shariah principles, institutional support, and regulatory frameworks. The discussion highlights critical areas such as digital payment systems, mobile banking, blockchain, and AI-based financial advisory that are compatible with Islamic finance values. The study concludes that a collaborative ecosystem involving regulators, scholars, and technology providers is essential for a sustainable and Shariah-compliant FinTech integration in Islamic banking.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN STIMULATING EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
Islamic Education Technology (TEI) emerged as a breakthrough to stimulate children's development with an approach that is in accordance with Islamic values. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic Educational Technology (TEI) in stimulating early childhood development. The method used is a systematic literature review, data collected through an in-depth review of journal articles, books, and other relevant scientific publications, published between 2019 and 2024. Data analysis was carried out thematically. The results of the study show that TEI plays a significant role in stimulating: (1) improving cognitive understanding of basic Islamic concepts; (2) language development through video stories of the prophet that enrich vocabulary; (3) social-emotional development through educational games with cooperative values; and (4) spiritual-moral development through animation of moral formation. The implementation of TEI faces challenges in the form of limited quality content, excessive screen time, and the need for parental assistance. This study recommends the development of local culture-based TEI by involving religious experts and children's education.
INTEGRATED ISLAMIC GREEN CITY PLANNING THROUGH MOSQUE-BASED URBAN SUSTAINABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF MASJID RAYA AL-MASHUN, MEDAN
Global climate change has made sustainable development a critical agenda for all countries, especially in the context of rapid urbanization and environmental degradation. The green dimension of development is increasingly vital, particularly for nations in Asia such as Indonesia, which is the largest Muslim-majority nation in the region, and faces severe urban and environmental pressures. This study explores the potential of Masjid Raya Al-Mashun in Medan as a central node for implementing Islamic Green City principles toward sustainable infrastructure development. Using a descriptive-analytical approach with data collected through document review and field surveys, the research analyzes how mosque-centered planning can support green space development, sustainable mobility, and effective waste management. The results show that integrating green principles around religious institutions fosters environmental stewardship, strengthens community engagement, and supports long-term urban resilience. The findings provide strategic insights for urban planners in similar Southeast Asian cities.
The Influence of Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Loyalty at PT. BPRS Amanah Bangsa Perdagangan
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of work motivation and job satisfaction on employee loyalty at PT. BPRS Amanah Bangsa Perdagangan. This study uses a quantitative approach, and sampling uses total sampling, namely all employee populations consisting of 33 people. Data collection techniques are carried out through literature studies and questionnaire distribution. Data analysis techniques used include validity tests, reliability tests, multiple linear regression tests, and hypothesis tests. The prerequisite tests used in this study include classical assumption tests, which consist of normality tests, multicollinearity tests, and heteroscedasticity tests. The results of the study indicate that work motivation has a positive and significant impact on employee loyalty. This is indicated by the t-value of 2.245> t-table 2.042 with a significance level of 0.032 <0.05, which indicates that the research hypothesis Ha1 is accepted and Ho1 is rejected. And also job satisfaction has a positive and significant impact on employee loyalty. This is indicated by the t-value of 2.486 > t-table 2.042 with a significance level of 0.020 < 0.05, which indicates that the research hypothesis Ha2 is accepted and Ho2 is rejected. In addition, the R-square value of 0.0336 can be interpreted that the influence of work motivation and job satisfaction variables on employee loyalty is 33.6%. This study found that higher work motivation and job satisfaction owned by employees can affect employee loyalty. Therefore, PT. BPRS Amanah Bangsa Perdagangan is expected to build more stable and sustainable employee loyalty in the future by increasing work motivation and job satisfaction, in order to create a productive, harmonious work environment and be able to retain a quality workforce.
THE VALIDITY OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS IN ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW
The development of digital technology has brought about significant changes in legal practices and financial transactions, including the use of digital documents in electronic transactions. In the context of Islamic law, questions arise regarding the validity of digital documents in an electronic transaction and their conformity with sharia principles. This article discusses the validity of the digital document from the perspective of fiqh muamalah, by referring to the harmony and conditions of the contract, the principle of ridha, as well as the views of contemporary scholars and international fatwa institutions. The results of the study show that digital documents or electronic contracts in an electronic transaction can be considered valid in Islam, as long as they meet the principles of justice, clarity, and do not contain elements that are prohibited by sharia.
The Role of Digital Trust-Building in Islamic E-Commerce: Perspectives of Consumers and Sellers
The growth of digital trade has driven the rise of Islamic e-commerce as an ethical and shariah-compliant business alternative. This study explores the role of digital trust-building in shaping sustainable relationships between consumers and sellers in Islamic e-commerce platforms. Using a qualitative, literature-based approach, the research identifies key factors influencing digital trust—such as transparency, transaction security, seller reputation, and adherence to Islamic values including amanah (trust), ʿadl (justice), and ṣidq (truthfulness). From the sellers’ perspective, trust is built through halal technological innovations, Shariah-compliant payment systems, and ethical communication. From the consumers’ side, trust is influenced by perceptions of product halalness and system reliability. Findings suggest that the synergy between digital technology and Islamic ethics strengthens trust, fosters consumer loyalty, and supports the sustainability of the Islamic digital economy. These insights are valuable for platform developers and policymakers seeking to create a secure, transparent, and just digital business environment.
RECONSTRUCTING INVESTOR PROTECTION IN DIGITAL DISTRIBUTION OF RETAIL SBSN: RISK DISCLOSURE, MEANINGFUL CONSENT, AND ACCOUNTABILITY
The digital distribution of Retail Sovereign Sharia Securities (SBSN ritel) expands public access to government investment instruments, but it also intensifies information-asymmetry and interface-driven risks that may lead to mis-selling. This article evaluates whether disclosure and risk-communication practices in SBSN retail digital channels satisfy the principles of transparency, accountability, and anti-mis-selling, particularly across the end-to-end investor journey (pre-offering, transaction, and after-sales). Employing a normative legal method supported by qualitative analysis of the digital consent flow and risk-summary presentation, the study maps risk-based disclosure obligations and assesses their operationalization in platform design. The analysis indicates that disclosure can become “formally available” yet substantively ineffective when material risks are placed in marginal locations, consent is easily bypassed, and UI/UX practices (including artificial urgency and biased framing) compress deliberation and steer decisions. These patterns weaken accountability and complicate proof and redress without reliable audit trails. The study concludes that investor protection in SBSN retail digital distribution requires enforceable minimum standards for digital risk disclosure and meaningful consent, strengthened auditability (consent record and audit trail), and integrated after-sales complaint and remedy pathways, complemented by accessible, traceable sharia-compliance assurance.
LEGAL LIABILITY FOR LOST GOODS PURCHASED ONLINE UNDER A PERSONAL SHOPPER SERVICE AGREEMENT
The development of information technology has encouraged the growth of online personal shopper services, in which individuals delegate the purchase of goods to other parties in exchange for a certain fee. Although based on voluntary agreements, legal problems frequently arise, particularly regarding the loss of purchased goods. This study aims to examine the legal certainty of personal shopper service agreements from a civil law perspective, analyze the rights and obligations of the parties, and identify the legal basis for liability arising from the loss of goods. This research employs a normative legal research method by examining written legal norms. The study is descriptive in nature and utilizes secondary data derived from primary and secondary legal materials collected through document and library research. The results show that personal shopper service agreements create reciprocal rights and obligations between the parties. Business actors are obligated to act in good faith as regulated under Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Indonesian Civil Code, while consumers are entitled to legal protection regarding comfort, security, and safety. Liability for the loss of goods is legally based on the Indonesian Civil Code, the Consumer Protection Law, and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law. Keywords: Personal Shopper Service, Legal Liability, Consumer Protection, Online Transactions
RETHINKING ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE : TOWARD A PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMEWORK FOR CYBER-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING
The transition of education into digital and distance-based modes represents not only a technological shift but also a fundamental transformation in the nature of knowledge acquisition and pedagogical interaction. Within this changing landscape, Islamic education faces the challenge of aligning its foundational philosophical principles with the dynamics of digital learning environments.This study aims to rethink Islamic education in the digital age by developing a philosophical framework for cyber-based distance learning grounded in Islamic epistemology and ethics. Employing a hermeneutic–philosophical approach, the study integrates textual analysis of classical and contemporary Islamic sources with critical perspectives on digital technology and educational theory. As a library-based qualitative study, the data consist of scholarly texts, conceptual frameworks, and observations of selected e-learning platforms utilized by Islamic cyber universities, with validation conducted through source and methodological triangulation. The findings reveal the need to reconceptualize learners as cyber-students who engage in purposeful, ethical, and dialogical knowledge-seeking within digital spaces. The study further demonstrates that cyber-based Islamic education can function as a medium for ethicalcultivation, spiritual refinement, and the pursuit of wisdom when guided by a tawhidic worldview. In conclusion, this research affirms that digital learning environments, when philosophically grounded, hold the potential to become meaningful epistemological spaces that transcend instrumental and algorithmic reductionism in Islamic education.
FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR ASSESSING COMPANY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Study This aim For study in a way comprehensive role and effectiveness analysis ratio finance as tool in evaluate performance finance company based on study library from various source relevant scientific research . The research methods used is approach studies literature ( library research ), with utilize secondary data obtained from report finance company , book text accounting and finance , as well as article journal national and international issues that discuss analysis ratio finance and performance finance company . Analysis in study This focused on four group ratio finance main , namely ratio liquidity , ratio solvency ratio profitability , and ratios activity . Research results show that analysis ratio finance own a very important role in evaluate performance finance company in a way comprehensive . Ratio liquidity give clear picture about ability company in guard stability finance term short , whereas ratio solvency show level risk finance and resilience company in face obligation term length . Ratio profitability proven capable reflect level success company in create mark plus and profit , while ratio activity show how much efficient company in manage and utilize source power owned . Keywords : Analysis Financial Ratios ; Financial Performance ; Ratios Liquidity ; Ratio Profitability ; Ratio Solvency .
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA CAMPAIGNS AND ZAKAT DONATION INCREASES
This study examines the relationship between social media campaigns and increased zakat donations in Islamic philanthropic institutions. The main objective is to analyze how social media activities influence donor awareness, trust, and intention to pay zakat through digital Platforms. A quantitative research approach is employed using survey data collected from zakat donors who actively engage with social media. In addition, secondary data on zakat collection performance before and after campaign implementation are analyzed to support the findings. Data are examined using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results demonstrate a positive and significant relationship between social media campaigns and zakat donation growth. Campaign effectiveness is strongly influenced by content relevance, religious messaging, transparency in fund utilization, and interactive engagement with donors. Furthermore, donor trust is found to play a mediating role in transforming social media exposure into actual zakat contributions. These findings highlight the importance of credibility in digital fundraising efforts. The study concludes that well designed social media campaigns can effectively enhance zakat fundraising performance by strengthening public engagement and institutional trust. Therefore, Islamic philanthropic organizations are encouraged to strategically utilize social media as a Primmary communication and fundraising instrument to ensure sustainable growth of zakat collection nationwide.
Social Media Engagement and Brand Loyalty in Islamic Finance
This study explores the relationship between social media engagement and brand loyalty within the Islamic finance sector, investigating how digital interactions shape customer commitment to Shariah-compliant financial institutions. Employing a qualitative research design, data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 32 customers of Islamic banks across diverse demographic profiles, complemented by netnographic analysis of social media conversations on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. Grounded theory methodology was utilized to develop conceptual frameworks explaining loyalty formation in digital Islamic finance contexts. The findings reveal that social media engagement significantly enhances brand loyalty through value-aligned content reinforcing Islamic principles, interactive community building fostering religious identity, and transparent Shariah compliance communication. Four major themes emerged: educational content explaining Islamic finance concepts, authentic engagement through religious values, peer influence through community testimonials, and responsiveness regarding halal certification. Social media platforms serve as trust-building channels where religious authenticity can be demonstrated and verified. This research concludes that effective social media engagement in Islamic finance requires balancing religious authenticity with contemporary digital marketing practices. The findings provide strategic insights for Islamic financial institutions seeking to strengthen customer loyalty through meaningful digital engagement aligned with Islamic values
HANDS-ON IMPLEMENTATION OF NEXT.JS STANDALONE BUILD FOR SIGNIFICANT DEPLOYMENT SIZE REDUCTION
raditional Next.js application deployment packages often result in extremely large file sizes, reaching over 1.5 GB, which impacts deployment efficiency and application performance. This research implements the Next.js standalone build feature on the LPPM v1 system (Research Proposal Management System) built using Next.js 16, TypeScript, Prisma ORM, and PostgreSQL. Baseline measurements show a traditional deployment size of 1,609.82 MB. After implementing standalone build with output: 'standalone' configuration and outputFileTracingIncludes for Prisma integration, the deployment size reduced to 384.83 MB—a reduction of 76.1% (1,225 MB). Performance testing shows cold start time improvement from 4 seconds to 0.109 seconds (97.3% faster), while deployment upload time decreased from 21 minutes to 5 minutes on a 10 Mbps connection. Comprehensive functionality validation confirms no feature regression across 80+ API endpoints, NextAuth.js authentication system, Prisma database operations, and file uploads. Cost-benefit analysis projects annual savings of $15-25 for storage and 32 hours for deployment time. The results of this research prove that standalone build mode is ready for production environments without sacrificing application functionality.
The Role of Spiritual Leadership in Managing AI Integration: Qualitative Case Study
Abstract: This qualitative case study explores the role of spiritual leadership in managing the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) within organizational settings. The purpose of this manuscript is to examine how spiritual leadership values—such as integrity, purpose, compassion, and ethical responsibility—influence decision-making, employee engagement, and organizational readiness during AI adoption. The study employs an in-depth qualitative research design using a case study approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with organizational leaders and employees, complemented by document analysis and direct observations. Thematic analysis was applied to identify recurring patterns and key themes related to leadership practices and AI implementation processes. The findings reveal that spiritual leadership plays a critical role in addressing ethical concerns, reducing employee resistance, and fostering trust during AI integration. Leaders who emphasize shared meaning, transparency, and human-centered values are better able to balance technological efficiency with employee well-being. Additionally, spiritual leadership contributes to the development of ethical AI governance and responsible innovation. The study concludes that spiritual leadership serves as an important soft governance mechanism in managing AI integration, particularly in contexts characterized by uncertainty and rapid technological change. These findings highlight the need for organizations to incorporate value-based leadership approaches alongside technical strategies to ensure sustainable and ethical AI adoption. Keywords: Spiritual Leadership, Artificial Intelligence, AI Integration, Ethical Leadership, Qualitative Case Study
UTILIZATION OF FINANCIAL REPORT INFORMATION IN COMPANY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana informasi yang dihasilkan dari laporan keuangan dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja perusahaan. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mempelajari literatur. Kerangka metodologi penelitian ini didasarkan pada penelusuran mendalam berbagai buku akademis serta artikel dari jurnal lokal dan internasional, serta studi yang relevan yang diterbitkan terkait dengan tema keuangan dan evaluasi kinerja perusahaan. Hasil tinjauan pustaka menunjukkan bahwa data yang terdapat dalam laporan keuangan, termasuk laporan laba rugi, neraca, laporan arus kas, dan perubahan ekuitas, memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam mengevaluasi aspek profitabilitas, likuiditas, solvabilitas, dan efisiensi operasional perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa laporan keuangan memiliki fungsi informatif yang sangat penting dalam mendukung analisis kinerja perusahaan secara komprehensif. Kata kunci : laporankeuangan, keuangan berbasis kinerja, dan keuangan informasi
Muhammadiyah as an Empowerment Agent: A Perspective on Women's Potential Development
This study analyzes Muhammadiyah's role as an empowerment agent in developing women's potential in Indonesia. The issues examined include strategies for empowering women through organizational programs, supporting and inhibiting factors, and their impact on improving women's quality of life in the social, economic, and educational spheres. The research method used a qualitative approach with case studies. Data collection was carried out in libraries using journals and books as sources. The results show that Muhammadiyah, through Aisyiyah, implements empowerment programs covering education, health, economics, and da'wah, such as entrepreneurship training, skills education, and maternal and child health services. Supporting factors for success include a broad organizational network, a commitment to progressive Islamic ideology, and charitable support. Obstacles include limited access in remote areas and gender stereotypes. The conclusion of the study confirms that Muhammadiyah plays a significant role in women's empowerment with a holistic approach that integrates modern Islamic values with the practical needs of women, encouraging social transformation towards gender equality within the framework of Islamic values. Keywords: Muhammadiyah, Women's Empowerment, Aisyiyah, Potential Development, Qualitative Research.
The Role and Function of Notaries/PPAT in The Registration of Encumbrances
With the enactment of Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) Number 5 of 2020, mortgage services that were previously conducted manually have now transitioned to electronic mortgage services (HT-el) at every land office in Indonesia. Prior to the implementation of electronic mortgage services, the duty of the Land Deed Official (PPAT) was to submit the Deed of Granting of Matgage (Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan/APHT) along with the mortgage registration list to the Land Office. However, under Regulation of the Minister of ATR/BPN Number 5 of 2020, the PPAT’s duty is limited to submitting the APHT through the electronic mortgage system. This study aims to examine the submission of the APHT by PPAT in the implementation of electronic mortgage services and the responsibility of PPAT in the event of errors in electronic mortgage cerficates. This research employs a normative juridical research method. The results show that PPAT submits the APHT through the HT-el system by uploading the APHT along with other required supporting documents. Furthermore, if errors occur in the electronic mortgage certificate, such errors are not the responsibility of the PPAT but rather the responsibility of the creditor. There, creditors are expected to exercise greater accuracy when inputting data inti the HT-el system to prevent errors in electronic mortgage certificates.
The Role of E-commerce in Maintaining Transparency in Rice Trading Mechanisms in Perlis, Malaysia, Based on Muamalat Principles
This study investigates how e-commerce platforms can enhance transparency in the rice trading mechanisms within Perlis, Malaysia, specifically by adhering to Islamic muamalat principles. It explores the challenges posed by online transactions from a Shariah perspective, such as issues of security, contractual legality, anonymity gharar and riba while affirming the general permissibility of electronic transactions provided they meet applicable conditions The research aims to reconcile modern e-commerce practices, including evolving business models and features, with established Islamic legal frameworks, particularly concerning the validity of buying and selling on digital platforms. This analysis delves into the nuances of online transactions, considering whether current e-commerce functionalities align with Islamic values such as honesty, fairness, and the avoidance of speculative dealings It further examines how the principles of Amanah (trustworthiness) and consumer protection, integral to Islamic economics, can be leveraged to mitigate uncertainties and enhance consumer assurance in the digital rice trade This investigation will specifically evaluate the effectiveness of current e-commerce regulations and their enforcement within Perlis to ensure compliance with these muamalat principles, thereby promoting a more transparent and ethically sound rice market. Furthermore, this study will consider the application of khiyar principles, such as khiyar al-aib (option of defect) and khiyar al-ru'yah (option of inspection), as mechanisms to address potential ambiguities and enhance consumer confidence in online rice transactions. The integration of technology, particularly AI-driven innovations, into platform ecosystems presents both opportunities and challenges for reinforcing these principles within the e-commerce framework for rice trading.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP STRATEGIES IN IMPROVING PRODUCT ACCESSIBILITY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES OF PISANG GEPREK IN MEDAN
This study aims to analyze the application of Customer Relationship strategies in improving product accessibility at Pisang Geprek MSMEs. With increasingly fierce business competition, the ability of MSMEs to build and maintain good relationships with consumers is a key factor in expanding market reach. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results show that the implementation of Customer Relationship strategies such as responsive service, utilization of social media, provision of loyalty promotions, and consistent communication can increase closeness with consumers and make it easier for consumers to access products. In addition, these strategies have an impact on increasing purchase interest and customer loyalty. Thus, it can be concluded that Customer Relationship strategies play an important role in increasing the accessibility and competitiveness of Pisang Geprek MSMEs amid dynamic market competition.
UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTENT MARKETING IN HALAL BUSINESS: CONSUMER ENGAGEMENT INSIGHTS
Digital technology and social media have transformed how consumers interact with brands, particularly in the halal business sector. Content marketing has become a vital strategy for halal businesses to engage consumers, enhance brand loyalty, and strengthen brand image in digital marketplaces. Content marketing involves creating and distributing valuable, relevant, and consistent content to attract and retain a clearly defined audience. This study uses a qualitative approach to explore content marketing practices among halal businesses and their effects on consumer engagement. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with business managers, social media observation, and content analysis on Instagram and TikTok platforms. Findings indicate that the success of content marketing relies on content quality, credibility, and consistency, as well as the brand’s ability to foster online community interaction. These results provide strategic insights for practitioners aiming to optimize content marketing and increase engagement and loyalty in the halal business context.
The Effect of Fasting during Ramadan on The Immune System and Inflammation: a Systematic Review
Chronic low-grade inflammation is a major contributor to the development of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disorders. Identifying non-pharmacological interventions capable of modulating immune function and reducing inflammatory burden is therefore an urgent global health priority. Ramadan fasting, a unique form of intermittent fasting practiced annually by millions of individuals worldwide, offers a natural model to investigate the physiological effects of time-restricted feeding on immune and inflammatory responses. This systematic review aims to evaluate current evidence on the impact of Ramadan fasting on immune system activity and inflammatory biomarkers in humans. A structured search was conducted in PubMed and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2015–2025. Five eligible studies were included, consisting of randomized controlled trials, interventional studies, and pre–post designs. Results demonstrate consistent reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, increases in adiponectin, enhancement of autophagy pathways, and improved immune cell regulation. Benefits were more pronounced among individuals with obesity or metabolic risk. Although heterogeneity in study design limits quantitative comparison, evidence suggests that Ramadan fasting has clinically relevant immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Larger standardized studies are needed to clarify mechanisms and long-term outcomes.
FINANCIAL REPORT ANALYSIS AS A BASIS FOR DECISION MAKING STRATEGIC DECISIONS IN THE COMPANY
Study This aim For evaluate roles and methods analysis report finances applied by companies to serve as base taking decision strategic approach in the company . study use approach qualitative with use study library research. Research This referring to sources that include theory , study cases and research empirical latest findings from study This show that implementation analysis report effective finance can increase quality decision strategic and power competition company . Research This also suggests that technology such as big data integrated For strengthen analysis future finances . Keywords : Report finance , ratio finance and taking decision
Understanding Islamic Contract Theory in Smart Contracts: Blockchain and Shariah Analysis
This manuscript examines the integration of Islamic contract theory within smart contracts by analyzing the compatibility between blockchain technology and Shariah principles. The purpose of this study is to explore how fundamental Islamic contractual elements—such as consent (ijab and qabul), object of contract (ma‘qud ‘alaih), contractual capacity, and the prohibition of gharar, riba, and maisir—can be applied and enforced through smart contracts on blockchain platforms. The study adopts a qualitative doctrinal and conceptual research method, combining classical Islamic jurisprudence analysis with contemporary blockchain and smart contract literature. The findings reveal that smart contracts can support Shariah-compliant transactions by enhancing transparency, immutability, and automation, particularly in contracts such as murabaha, ijarah, and wakalah. However, several challenges remain, including legal enforceability, coding rigidity, oracle dependency, and potential Shariah non-compliance arising from ambiguity in contract execution. The study concludes that while smart contracts offer significant opportunities for strengthening Islamic financial contracts, Shariah governance frameworks, standardized contract templates, and collaboration between Shariah scholars and technology developers are essential to ensure compliance. This research contributes to the growing discourse on Islamic fintech by providing a structured Shariah analysis of smart contracts and highlighting pathways for their ethical and lawful implementation in Islamic finance.
THE CONCEPT OF SHARIA-COMPLIANT FRANCHISING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH MUAMALAH: A LITERATURE REVIEW
The development of the franchise business model has become an important phenomenon in the modern economy because it is considered capable of improving business efficiency, expanding business networks, and reducing risks for entrepreneurs. However, from an Islamic perspective, the franchise system needs to be examined for its compliance with the principles of fiqh muamalah to ensure that it does not contain elements prohibited by Sharia. This study aims to examine the concept of Sharia-compliant franchising from the perspective of fiqh muamalah through a literature review approach. The research method used is a literature study by analyzing classical and contemporary fiqh muamalah books, scholarly journals on Islamic economics, and fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI). The results indicate that franchise practices can be permissible in Islam based on the fundamental principles of muamalah, provided that they fulfill the pillars and conditions of contracts and are free from elements of riba, gharar, maysir, tadlis, and zulm. Sharia-compliant franchising can be constructed through a combination of ijarah, bai’, syirkah, and wakalah contracts arranged in a transparent and fair manner. This study concludes that Sharia-compliant franchising is a legitimate and relevant business innovation in Islamic economics when implemented in accordance with the principles of justice, trustworthiness, and public benefit (maslahah).
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL SKILLS IN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT: THROUGH MUSLIM WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP MSMES
Abstract: This study examines the role of digital skills in driving economic empowerment among Muslim women entrepreneurs The purpose of this paper is to analyze how digital competencies such as digital marketing, online financial management, and the use of e-commerce platformscontribute to business performance, increased revenue, and entrepreneurial sustainability. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining a qualitative survey of Muslim women entrepreneurs with interviews to gain deeper insights into their experiences Qualitative data are analyzed through thematic analysis. The results show that higher levels of digital skills significantly improve business visibility, market access, and revenue growth. Digital platforms also allow Muslim women entrepreneurs to balance economic activities with religious and family responsibilities. However, the findings reveal ongoing barriers, including limited access to digital training, technology infrastructure gaps, and cultural constraints. The study concludes that digital skills are an important driver of economic empowerment for Muslim women entrepreneurs, but their impact depends on a supportive ecosystem involving education, policy interventions, and inclusive digital infrastructure. This research provides important implications for policymakers, development agencies, and community organizations in designing targeted digital capacity building programs to foster inclusive and sustainable entrepreneurial growth. Keywords: Digital Skills, Economic Empowerment, Muslim Women Entrepreneurs, Digital Entrepreneurship, Inclusive Development.
Formation Of Student Thinking Patterns Through Credible Communication In Islamic Education Learning
Studi ini meneliti peran kredibilitas komunikasi guru dalam membentuk pola pikir siswa dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Kredibilitas komunikasi mencakup dimensi kompetensi, kepercayaan, dan daya tarik, yang mempengaruhi efektivitas nilai-nilai Islam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana guru PAI membangun kredibilitas komunikasi dan dampaknya terhadap pembentukan pola berpikir kritis, reflektif, dan religius pada siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kredibilitas komunikasi guru yang tinggi memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap internalisasi nilai-nilai Islam, pengembangan keterampilan berpikir analitis, dan pembentukan karakter siswa. Implikasi dari studi ini menekankan pentingnya pengembangan kompetensi komunikasi guru PAI dalam menciptakan pembelajaran transformatif.
Representation and Reception of Wasatiyyah through Humor: An Analysis of TikTok Comment Sections on Millennial Muslim Influencer Da'wah
TikTok has become an important arena for digital proselytization, where Islamic messages circulate through short video content that is entertaining in nature, and audience reception is openly visible through the comment section. This research examines how humorous da'wah oriented toward wasatiyyah is received, negotiated, and debated in the public space of TikTok comments, with a case study of one creator (Husein Ja'far) during the period of July–December 2025. This study uses qualitative reception analysis through purposive salient comment sampling and an operational codebook to analyze individual comments and reply chains that demonstrate negotiation, correction, and escalation. The research findings indicate that the comment section repeatedly serves as a space for informal religious learning and peer counselling, facilitating micro-fiqh questions, navigating modern ethical dilemmas, and interfaith literacy. Wasatiyyah is most often accepted as an everyday relational ethic—mercy, anti-coercion, and good interpretation—rather than as an ideological label. However, moderation remains fragile because it is contested through moral policing, authority disputes, conflict framing, and credibility issues. Humor serves as an interactional adhesive that fosters affiliation and de-escalation, but it can also mask derogation and reinforce boundary policing. Additionally, a pattern of reception bifurcation emerged where audiences accepted the moral content but rejected the performative aesthetics, which underscores the importance of value legitimacy and aesthetic legitimacy in the reception of digital proselytization. This finding strengthens the study of digital religion by positioning moderation as an achievement negotiated within platformed publics and explaining the ambivalent role of humor in shaping moderation discourse.
THE EFFECT OF THE DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON WUDHU LEARNING OUTCOMES OF GRADE 2 STUDENTS AT UPT SD NEGERI 064965 MEDAN TIMUR
This study aims to analyze the effect of the demonstration method on the learning outcomes of Grade 2 students in learning wudhu at UPT SD Negeri 064965 Medan Timur. The main problem underlying this research is the low level of students’ practical understanding in performing the correct wudhu movements. This research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest model. The research sample consisted of all Grade 2 students, totaling 30 learners. Data were collected through written tests to measure cognitive aspects and observation sheets to assess psychomotor aspects. The results showed a significant increase in the average post-test score compared to the pre-test score. Data analysis indicates that the demonstration method has a positive impact on the effectiveness of learning wudhu material. In conclusion, the consistent application of the demonstration method can improve students’ learning outcomes and the quality of worship practices at the elementary school level. Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Demonstration Method, Islamic Religious Education, Wudhu
The Role of Islamic Ethics in Sharia Investment Decision-Making
This study explores the role of Islamic ethics in the decision-making process of sharia-based investments among Muslim investors and Islamic financial institutions. The objective is to understand how Islamic ethical values—such as the prohibition of riba (usury), the principles of justice, honesty, and transparency—influence the selection of sharia-compliant investment instruments. This research adopts a qualitative method using literature review and analysis of scholarly articles published within the last five years. The findings indicate that Islamic ethics significantly influence investment decisions through mechanisms such as investment screening, risk perception, and levels of Islamic financial literacy. The study concludes that integrating Islamic ethical values into investment practices not only ensures sharia compliance but also promotes sustainable financial systems and enhances investor trust
ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL SOLAR AND WIND POWER GENERATION IN THE WORLD ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC STUDIES
This study analyzes the global potential of solar and wind power generation through the lens of Islamic Studies, emphasizing the alignment between renewable energy development and Islamic ethical principles. Islam encourages the responsible use of natural resources (amanah), avoidance of waste (israf), and the pursuit of public welfare (maslahah), all of which strongly support the transition to clean and sustainable energy sources. By examining the geographical distribution and technical potential of solar and wind energy worldwide, this research highlights how these renewable resources can contribute to environmental protection, energy security, and socio-economic justice. The study further explores relevant Qur’anic verses, Prophetic traditions, and classical as well as contemporary Islamic scholarship that underscore humanity’s role as stewards (khalifah) of the Earth. The findings suggest that large-scale adoption of solar and wind power is not only scientifically and economically viable but also ethically and spiritually consistent with Islamic teachings, offering a holistic framework for addressing global energy challenges and climate change. The study affirms that integrating Islamic values into contemporary energy discourse can enrich sustainability efforts and encourage environmentally responsible behavior among individuals, communities, and policymakers. Renewable energy development, when guided by ethical principles, offers a holistic solution to global energy and environmental challenges.
RESPONSE OF COCONUT FIBER CONCRETE CONTAINING RICE HUSK ASH AS A CEMENT SUBSTITUTE TO SALT ATTACK EXPOSURE
Many recent studies related to environmentally friendly concrete utilizing organic materials are considered as major breakthroughs. However, research related to corrosive environments is still limited. In this study, the resistance to salt-attack on coconut fiber (CF) concrete as reinforcement and rice husk ash (RHA) as a cement substitute was carried out. 3 variations of coconut fiber 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1% of the concrete weight were used. While 1% RHA was used to replace some of the cement. All concrete specimens were soaked in sea salt water until 90 days old. The results showed a decrease in compressive strength based on age when immersed in salt solution. The largest decrease in concrete strength occurred in the 1% variation with a percentage decrease of 30.58%. Visually, it was found that there was a change in color in the test specimen to yellowish and there was erosion damage on the concrete surface. The greatest damage occurred in the 0.1% variation, while in the 0.3% variation there was no significant physical change. The results showed that the greater the fiber composition, the lower the durability against salt attack. The use of coconut fiber with a variation of 0.3% has the greatest durability.
QUANTUM ENTREPRENEURSHIP: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF QUANTUM COMPUTING ON GLOBAL STARTUP ECOSYSTEMS
Quantum computing has rapidly emerged as one of the most consequential technological frontiers of the current decade, with its potential to fundamentally transform competitive dynamics across global innovation ecosystems increasingly acknowledged in both scientific and policy communities. Despite this growing recognition, the intersection of quantum computing and entrepreneurship—herein conceptualized as quantum entrepreneurship—remains substantially undertheorized and empirically underexplored. This study investigates the impact of quantum computing advancements on the formation, growth, and competitive positioning of startups within global entrepreneurial ecosystems. Drawing on the Resource-Based View (RBV), Dynamic Capabilities Theory, and Schumpeterian innovation theory as integrative theoretical anchors, this research develops a comprehensive conceptual framework that links quantum computing readiness, ecosystem support infrastructure, venture capital quantum orientation, human capital development, and government policy enablement to startup performance outcomes. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional research design, primary data were collected from 387 startup founders, chief technology officers, and ecosystem managers across 18 countries through a structured and pre-validated survey instrument. Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was applied to test seven directional hypotheses. Results indicate that quantum computing readiness (beta = 0.41, p < .001), ecosystem infrastructure quality (beta = 0.33, p < .001), and quantum-oriented venture capital access (beta = 0.29, p < .01) are significant positive predictors of startup performance. Human capital development and government policy enablement demonstrate significant indirect effects through mediating innovation capability mechanisms. These findings contribute the first large-scale empirical foundation for the emerging field of quantum entrepreneurship, generating actionable insights for founders, investors, and policymakers. The study also identifies critical research gaps and proposes a future-oriented research agenda for this nascent but strategically pivotal field.
ECO-FRIENDLY FOAM CONCRETE USING VULCANIZED TIRE WASTE AND RICE HUSK ASH: A CONTRIBUTION TO SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION IN THE SPIRIT OF ISLAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP
In line with sustainable construction practices and the Islamic principle of environmental stewardship (khalifah fil ardh), this study investigates the use of rice husk ash (RHA) and vulcanized tire waste (VTW) in foam concrete production. By partially replacing cement with RHA (0%, 5%, 10%) and sand with VTW (0%, 10%, 20%), the research aims to reduce environmental waste while contributing to eco-friendly building solutions. A total of 54 cube specimens (10 × 10 × 10 cm) were prepared using sand-cement ratios of 1:2 and water-cement ratios of 0.35 and 0.45. Compressive strength was tested at 28 days. Results indicated the highest strength (12.26 MPa) in the control mix at a 0.35 water-cement ratio, while the lowest (2.12 MPa) occurred with 20% VTW and 10% RHA at a 0.45 ratio. Although the mechanical properties decreased with higher waste content, the study underscores the environmental value and potential of integrating industrial and agricultural waste into concrete, supporting the pursuit of sustainable development inspired by Islamic environmental ethics.
LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF BREACH OF CONTRACT IN THE PAYMENT OF HOSPITAL FEES BY PATIENTS
The legal relation between a patient and a hospital fundamentally arises from a healthcare service agreement that creates rights and obligations for the parties involved. One of the patient’s obligations under such an agreement is to make payment for the medical services that they received. In practice, breaches of contract frequently occur in the form of delayed or non-payment of hospital fees by patients. This study aims to analyze the legal consequences of default in the payment of hospital expenses by patients from the perspective of Indonesian civil law. The research employs a normative legal method, using both a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The findings indicate that default in the payment of hospital fees gives rise to legal consequences in the form of an obligation to compensate for damages, fulfillment of the outstanding performance, and the possibility of a civil lawsuit filed by the hospital, provided that such measures do not contravene humanitarian principles and the prevailing laws and regulations in the healthcare sector.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
In an era of increasingly competitive business environments, companies are required to optimize the potential of human resources as a strategic asset. Rapid technological advancements, market dynamics, and high workforce mobility encourage organizations to develop appropriate strategies for managing employee knowledge, engagement, and talent. Many companies face the problem of competency loss due to weak knowledge sharing and low employee engagement, which ultimately leads to high turnover rates. This condition emphasizes that knowledge management, employee engagement, and talent management are critical factors in improving employee performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of knowledge management and employee engagement on employee performance, with talent management serving as a mediating variable at PT Bank Sumut Head Office in Medan. This research adopts an associative research design with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires to 83 respondents selected using purposive sampling from a population of 473 employees working across 18 divisions. The sampling criteria included employees who had worked for at least one year at the Bank Sumut Head Office. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results indicate that knowledge management and employee engagement have a significant effect on employee performance, both directly and indirectly through talent management as a mediating variable. These findings suggest that integrated management of knowledge, employee engagement, and talent management can drive improvements in employee performance. This study also provides practical implications for company management in strengthening sustainable human resource development strategies
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNANCE IN THE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA
This study explores the role of digital management and governance in enhancing the global competitiveness of Islamic banks in Indonesia. As digital transformation becomes a key driver in the financial services industry, Islamic banks must adapt through the integration of digital technologies and improved governance frameworks to remain relevant and competitive in a rapidly changing global landscape. Using a qualitative research approach, this study gathers insights through in-depth interviews with banking practitioners, regulators, and digital transformation experts. The findings reveal that digital management such as the adoption of mobile banking, core digital systems, and AI-driven services significantly contributes to operational efficiency and customer engagement. Meanwhile, strong governance practices, particularly in terms of transparency, Shariah compliance, and digital risk management, play a pivotal role in building stakeholder trust and international recognition. The study concludes that digital transformation and governance are interdependent and must be integrated into the strategic direction of Islamic banks to enhance their global competitiveness.
COMMUNITY BASED PREVENTIVE STRATEGY: STRENGTHENING ANTI TERRORISM SOCIAL NETWORKS THROUGH RELIGIOUS MODERATION DA’WAH
Terrorism in Indonesia often stems from narrow and exclusive religious understandings, allowing radical ideologies to easily infiltrate society. Beyond its role as a place of worship, the mosque holds a strategic function as a social center that can serve as the foundation for preventive strategies. This article examines how mosque communities can strengthen anti-terrorism social networks through da’wah promoting religious moderation. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using literature review and conceptual analysis. The findings indicate that mosques have the potential to become spaces for reinforcing moderate religious literacy, fostering positive social interaction, and serving as ideological fortresses against the spread of radicalism. Da’wah of religious moderation has proven effective in expanding social networks that cultivate tolerance, peace, and harmony among communities. The article recommends synergistic communication, coordination, and collaboration between mosque administrators, religious leaders, and government institutions to strengthen preventive strategies aimed at building a resilient and non-violent society.
SPEAKING TASKS BASED ON CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC SOCIAL ISSUES
The development of speaking competence in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts requires instructional approaches that are not only linguistically sound but also socially and culturally relevant. This article explores the design and implementation of speaking tasks based on contemporary Islamic social issues as a pedagogical strategy to enhance learners’ oral communication skills. By integrating real-world Islamic social discourses such as social justice, digital ethics, gender relations, environmental responsibility, and moderation in religion speaking tasks become more meaningful, critical, and engaging for learners. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study analyzes how issue-based speaking tasks contribute to students’ fluency, critical thinking, and intercultural awareness. The findings indicate that contextualized speaking tasks grounded in Islamic social realities foster higher student participation, improved confidence, and deeper reflective responses. The study concludes that incorporating contemporary Islamic social issues into speaking instruction can effectively bridge language learning with values education in professional and academic settings.
STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS OF ISLAMIC CONTENT IN ELEMENTERY SCHOOL CLASSES
Students' moral values, character development, and religious identity are significantly shaped by the inclusion of Islamic content in elementary school teaching. The purpose of this study is to find out how elementary school kids view Islamic material. 120 elementary school pupils from both public and Islamic schools participated in the study, which used a quantitative descriptive method. A structured questionnaire that focused on students' comprehension, interest, relevance, and attitudes on Islamic subject in the classroom was used to gather data. The findings show that most students have a favorable opinion of Islamic curriculum, especially when it comes to moral growth and practical application. Nonetheless, a few pupils mentioned difficulties with instructional strategies and educational materials. This study adds to the conversation about curriculum development and religious education in elementary school.
HOMESCHOOLING CURRICULUM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF IBN KHALDUN: A PHILOSOPHICAL AND CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS IN INDONESIA
Homeschooling is an alternative form of education that is growing in Indonesia. However, studies on homeschooling curricula are still dominated by Western modern educational perspectives. This study aims to analyze homeschooling curricula from the perspective of Ibn Khaldun through philosophical and contextual analysis in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method and conceptual analysis of Ibn Khaldun's main work, particularly Al-Muqaddimah. The results of the study show that Ibn Khaldun's educational principles are highly relevant to the characteristics of the homeschooling curriculum. In the Indonesian context, these principles are in line with the direction of the Merdeka Curriculum policy, which emphasizes flexibility, differentiation, and character building. This article contributes to the enrichment of studies on the homeschooling curriculum based on Islamic educational thought, which is relevant to the development of alternative Islamic education in Indonesia.
TRASH ARISAN AS ECOLOGICAL DA'WAH: AN ECOFEMINIST ANALYSIS OF THE MAPAK PCA SUKOSEWU, BOJONEGORO COMMUNITY MOVEMENT IN REALIZING RURAL ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE
Environmental degradation and plastic waste present complex challenges in rural Indonesia, demanding integrated, community-led solutions. This study examines the "Trash Arisan" initiative, launched by the MAPAK Aisyiyah Sukosewu Community in Bojonegoro, as a model of ecological da'wah and women's empowerment. Using an ecofeminist lens, this qualitative case study draws on in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis to explore the movement's mechanisms and its role in fostering rural ecological resilience. The findings reveal that the initiative successfully transforms waste into economic, social, and spiritual value by embedding waste management within religious activities. A key outcome is the unique synergy between practical theology (da'wah bil hal) and women’s agency, which challenges patriarchal norms, establishes a village-scale circular economy, and strengthens ecological resilience. This research enriches Global South ecofeminist discourse by presenting a replicable model that integrates cultural-religious values into environmental action. The MAPAK model serves as a prototype for sustainable, gender-equitable rural development. Further research should test its scalability across different contexts and employ mixed methods to quantitatively assess its ecological impact.
DIGITAL PAYMENT SYSTEMS AND CASHLESS ECONOMY: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON FINANCIAL INNOVATION
This study examines digital payment systems and cashless economy development from an Islamic perspective on financial innovation. The purpose is to analyze how digital payment technologies align with Islamic financial principles and how Muslim users perceive their use in daily transactions. Using a qualitative approach, this research conducted in-depth interviews with Muslim consumers, Islamic finance practitioners, and academics, complemented by literature analysis on digital finance and Islamic economics. Findings indicate that digital payment systems offer significant benefits including transaction efficiency, convenience, transparency, and financial inclusion. From an Islamic perspective, digital payments are permissible when complying with Sharia principles such as avoiding riba, gharar, and unlawful transactions. Users perceive cashless systems as helpful tools simplifying financial activities while supporting ethical and accountable behavior. However, concerns remain regarding data security, consumer protection, and potential platform misuse. The study concludes that digital payment systems can support cashless economy growth within Islamic framework when supported by appropriate regulation, Sharia compliance, and financial literacy. Strengthening collaboration between regulators, Islamic financial institutions, and technology providers is essential for sustainable and ethical financial innovation. This research provides insights for policymakers and stakeholders in developing inclusive digital financial systems aligned with Islamic values.
STRENGTHENING THE POST-FLOOD CREATIVE ECONOMY THROUGH AN ASTRONOMY VILLAGE BASED ON ASTROTOURISM AND QIBLA DIRECTION EDUCATION IN SEKOCI VILLAGE, LANGKAT REGENCY
Recurrent flooding in Sekoci Village, Langkat Regency, not only causes physical damage but also weakens the community's economic capacity. This study aims to strengthen the post-flood creative economy through the development of an Astronomy Village based on astrotourism and Qibla direction education as an integrated community empowerment model. The method used is qualitative research with a participatory approach through field observations, in-depth interviews with community leaders and business actors, FGDs, and mentoring in astrotourism training, the creation of astronomy-themed creative products, and Qibla direction education based on celestial body observations. The results show that the Astronomy Village program is able to: (1) increase the capacity of community knowledge about astronomy and determining the Qibla direction; (2) give rise to new creative business units (souvenirs, culinary, tour guide services); and (3) strengthen partnership networks with schools, astronomy communities, and religious institutions. The implementation of astrotourism contributes to the diversification of household income sources, increases tourist visits, and strengthens the village's identity as an educational-religious destination. These findings indicate that the integration of astronomy, tourism, and religious education can be an effective strategy for strengthening the creative economy in disaster-prone areas. The Lifeboat Astronomy Village model has the potential to be replicated in other post-disaster village contexts by adapting to local socio-cultural characteristics.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING ISLAMIC BANKING COMPETITIVENESS
The rapid advancement of digital technologies presents both opportunities and challenges for Islamic banking institutions striving to maintain and enhance their competitiveness in an increasingly dynamic financial environment. Islamic banks often face unique hurdles, including the need to align digital innovations with Shariah principles while meeting customer expectations and regulatory demands. This study aims to explore effective digital transformation strategies that can strengthen the competitiveness of Islamic banks. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with executives, digital strategy managers, and Shariah compliance officers from leading Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns and strategic approaches. The findings reveal that successful digital transformation in Islamic banks hinges on several factors: the integration of Shariah compliance into digital platforms, investment in customer-centric technologies, agile leadership, collaboration with fintech companies, and the establishment of robust cybersecurity systems. Moreover, the banks that excelled in digital adaptation demonstrated a strong commitment to innovation while upholding ethical values rooted in Islamic finance principles. Islamic banks must adopt a holistic and adaptive digital transformation strategy that not only focuses on technological advancement but also ensures alignment with Shariah values to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic recommendations include developing Shariah-compliant digital ecosystems, enhancing employee digital literacy, and fostering innovation through partnerships with Islamic fintech startups.
THE ROLE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN THE FORMATION OF EARLY CHILDHOOD SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL SKILLS THROUGH THE COOKING CLASS PROGRAM AT SCHOOL
This study aims to explore how parental involvement shapes early childhood social-emotional skills through the cooking class program at TK ABA 05 Medan. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that the cooking class serves as an effective media of stimulating children’s independence, social interaction, and emotional regulation. The program also strengthens collaboration between teachers and parents in fostering a holistic learning environment. School support, flexible implementation, and varied menus contribute to its success. However, some parents’ limited awareness of healthy eating remains a challenge. This study recommends strengthening communication and continuous education between schools and families.
"ENGLISH AS A TOOL FOR GLOBAL ISLAMIC COMMUNICATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES"
In a progressively interconnected world, English has become the preeminent language for worldwide communication, especially inside the Islamic realm. This article investigates the function of English as a medium for enhancing global Islamic communication, analyzing the associated problems and opportunities for Muslims globally. English functions as a lingua franca for numerous individuals, facilitating the dissemination of Islamic knowledge, discourse on religious matters, and the portrayal of Islam in global media and scholarly discussions. The paper examines the challenges of employing English for Islamic communication, including potential meaning loss in translation, obscured cultural nuances, and the risk of linguistic imperialism that may marginalize indigenous languages and perspectives within the Islamic community. The study also explores the intersection of the English language with various Islamic traditions, which can complicate the communication of sacred texts, legal rulings, and religious activities that are frequently profoundly anchored in the Arabic language. Conversely, the article emphasizes the prospects afforded by English as a medium for global Islamic discourse. It facilitates access to a broader audience, promotes cross-cultural discourse, and amplifies the global influence of Islamic study. The study examines the function of English in connecting varied Muslim groups, promoting interfaith discourse, and representing Islam on the global stage, particularly through contemporary technologies such as social media, online platforms, and scholarly publications. This research aims to elucidate how English functions as both a conduit and an impediment in Islamic global communication, suggesting solutions to enhance its advantages while alleviating its drawbacks. It culminates with suggestions for the successful utilization of English in global Islamic discourse while preserving the spirit and integrity of Islamic teachings.
ISMUBAQUR PROGRAM IN FORMING STUDENTS' ISLAMIC CHARACTER AT MUHAMMADIYAH 3 MIDDLE SCHOOL MEDAN
This study aims to: 1) determine the implementation of the ISMUBAQUR program at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Medan, 2) identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in developing the ISMUBAQUR program at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Medan, and 3) determine the development strategies of the ISMUBAQUR program in shaping the Islamic character of students at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Medan. This research applied a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that ISMUBAQUR is systematically implemented through Al-Islam, Muhammadiyah, Arabic, and Qur'an subjects, combined with worship habituation and extracurricular activities. Supporting factors include school support, teacher competence, and an Islamic environment,while inhibiting factors are lack of parental support, time constraints,and external influences. Development strategies include worship habituation,teacher role modeling, training, parental involvement, and annual programs such as Mabit and Tahfidz Camp.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SIJAKHA APPLICATION IN ENSURING PRODUCT QUALITY AND STRENGTHENING HALAL LEGAL AWARENESS AMONG HALAL-CERTIFIED NON-MUSLIM MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES)
This study analyzes the implementation of the SiJaKHa (Halal Community Network System) application as a community-based digital mentoring model to ensure product quality and strengthen halal legal awareness among halal-certified non-Muslim MSMEs. The study addresses the limited post-certification monitoring and insufficient understanding of the Halal Product Assurance System (SJPH), which potentially threatens product consistency and compliance. Using a research and development approach adapted from Borg and Gall, the model was refined through focus group discussions and implemented in 20 communities involving 200 MSMEs and 20 trained mentors under LP3H Halal Centre UMSU. The certified SiJaKHa web-based platform integrates mentoring documentation, SJPH monitoring, and community discussion features. Effectiveness testing using N-Gain analysis shows a 78% effectiveness rate, indicating significant improvement in halal literacy, compliance, and quality control practices. The findings confirm that integrating structured community mentoring with a digital platform strengthens sustainable supervision, enhances halal–haram legal understanding, and improves MSME competitiveness. The SiJaKHa model offers a scalable and replicable innovation to reinforce Indonesia’s halal ecosystem nationally.*
LEGAL CERTAINTY AND GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES IN VILLAGE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (BUMDES): A SOCIO-LEGAL STUDY IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA
This study examines how regulatory disharmony and weak accountability mechanisms shape the governance of Village-Owned Enterprises (Badan Usaha Milik Desa/BUMDes) in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Using a socio-legal (normative-empirical) approach, the paper combines doctrinal analysis of the Village Law and its implementing regulations with qualitative evidence reported in the dissertation’s field-based chapters. The findings show three recurring governance bottlenecks. First, transitional and overlapping rules create uncertainty about BUMDes’ legal personality and transaction authority, which affects contracting, licensing, and access to finance. Second, the operational separation of village assets and BUMDes assets remains fragile, increasing legal and fiscal risk when assets are pledged, recorded, or used without valid deliberative decisions. Third, accountability is weakened by overlapping roles between village governments and BUMDes management, administrative supervision that is not audit-oriented, and limited disclosure of performance indicators that balance social and commercial mandates. These constraints reduce organizational legitimacy and impede sustainable contributions to village original revenue (PADesa). The paper argues that governance reform should prioritize harmonized regulatory interpretation, auditable minimum standards for asset separation and reporting, and a clearer division of authority coupled with risk-based supervision.
STRENGTHENING CRITICAL RELIGIOUS LITERACY IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has reshaped the production and dissemination of religious knowledge in Islamic education. While AI enhances access to religious learning, it also raises challenges such as misinformation, methodological reductionism, and the shift from scholarly sanad to algorithmic authority. This study aims to formulate a conceptual framework for strengthening critical religious literacy in the AI era. Employing a qualitative library research design with thematic analysis of recent studies on AI, digital literacy, and Islamic epistemology, the findings reveal that the core challenge lies not in the technology itself, but in students’ limited capacity to critically verify and contextualize digital religious content. Islamic epistemological principles offer a normative basis for cultivating critical religious reasoning. The study concludes that integrating digital literacy with Islamic epistemology in curriculum and pedagogy is crucial for fostering intellectually mature and epistemically resilient learners.
FACTORS INFLUENCE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN LOGISTICS TRANSPORTATION
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the implementation of transportation within the concept of green logistics through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The literature search was conducted systematically using the IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, and the selected studies were subsequently analyzed and synthesized to identify the key determinants of environmentally friendly transportation implementation. The findings indicate that technological factors in logistics operations hold the dominant weight at 35%, followed by regulatory factors at 25%, customer relationships at 21%, and cost considerations at 19%. These results highlight that technological innovation serves as the primary driving force, strengthened by policy support, economic considerations, and market pressure in achieving sustainable transportation. Overall, the implementation of green transportation requires synergy among technological, regulatory, economic, and customer-related aspects to establish an efficient and sustainable logistics system.
THE ADVANTAGES OF CHOOSING THE ISLAMIC FINANCIAL SYSTEM OVER THE CONVENTIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM
This paper is prepared to fulfill the assignment requirements for students in the Sharia Banking course. Its objective is to enhance a more profound understanding of valid, stable, and ethical financial management procedures within a financial institution based on Islamic law. This paper will also explain the fundamental differences between Islamic and conventional banking management, serving as a guide to identify key points of distinction. This knowledge is crucial preparation for facing waves of financial crises that often stem from systems not based on Sharia, namely systems based on usury (riba) that are oppressive and ultimately detrimental to society, religion, and the nation. Stable and equitable financial management based on Islam is seen as the foundation for sustainable and prosperous national development. By understanding these economic dynamics, it is hoped that students and society can avoid falling into detrimental practices. In the long term, the nation and society will begin to reject the Western economic governance agenda inherited since the colonial era, such as that introduced by the Bank Van Courant (1746) and De Javasche Bank (1828), which introduced the practice of loans with collateral and interest rates. Therefore, this study is prepared to encourage societal wisdom in choosing banking institutions for loan transactions and dealings that are free from usury. Various methods and initiatives will be discussed to achieve this goal.
Digital Transformation in Islamic Banking: Fintech Innovation and Shariah Compliance
Abstract: This study examines digital transformation in Islamic banking with a focus on fintech innovation and Shariah compliance. The purpose of this manuscript is to explore how Islamic banks adopt financial technology while maintaining adherence to Islamic principles. The study employs a qualitative research approach through in depth interviews with Islamic bank practitioners, Shariah scholars, and customers, supported by qualitative analysis of regulatory documents and relevant literature on Islamic finance and fintech development. The findings indicate that fintech innovation enhances service efficiency, accessibility, and customer experience in Islamic banking. Digital platforms, mobile banking, and automated services help Islamic banks expand outreach and compete with conventional institutions. From a Shariah perspective, fintech applications are considered acceptable when they avoid riba, gharar, and maysir, and operate under effective Shariah governance. Respondents emphasize the importance of Shariah supervisory boards and transparent contracts in ensuring compliance. The study concludes that digital transformation offers significant opportunities for Islamic banking growth when balanced with strong Shariah oversight and regulatory support. Continuous collaboration between fintech developers, Islamic banks, and Shariah authorities is essential to achieve sustainable innovation. This research provides insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders in strengthening digital Islamic banking and promoting inclusive ethical financial services worldwide. Keywords: Digital Transformation; Islamic Banking; Shariah Compliance
THE EFFECTS OF PICK UP SERVICE, LOADING UNLOADING, AND TRANSPORTATION ON LOGISTICS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION THROUGH LOGISTICS SERVICE QUALITY: A STUDY ON UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA LEARNING MATERIAL DISTRIBUTION AT PT POS INDONESIA TANGERANG MAIN BRANCH, INDONESIA
The PT Pos Indonesia Tangerang Main Branch Office (KCU) plays a strategic role in distributing learning materials for Universitas Terbuka (UT) to various regions across Indonesia and contributes significantly to the company’s logistics revenue. However, numerous complaints from employees of UPBJJ Bandung indicate shortcomings in logistics service implementation, particularly in service quality and customer satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the effects of PickUp Service, Loading Unloading, and Transportation on Logistics Service Quality (LSQ), and to examine the impact of LSQ on Logistics Customer Satisfaction, both directly and as a mediating variable. This research employs a quantitative approach with descriptive and verificative methods. The population consists of 189 UPBJJ Bandung employees, with 128 respondents selected using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. Analysis was conducted using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 3, including validity and reliability testing. The results are expected to provide empirical evidence on LSQ’s mediating role and offer recommendations to enhance UT material distribution services.Top of Form
OPTIMIZATION OF MARKETING CHANNELS TO INCREASE MARKET REACH IN MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMEs) CHOCOBAR
This study aims to examine the role of optimizing marketing channels in increasing market reach for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), specifically Chocobar in Medan. The research employs a qualitative approach using interview and observation techniques for data collection. The findings indicate that digital channels—such as social media, online marketplaces, and content marketing are effective in enhancing consumer engagement and interest, while offline channels, including direct sales and local partnerships, contribute to building consumer trust. The integration of both digital and offline channels has proven to be more effective in expanding market reach and supporting business sustainability. Therefore, the optimization of marketing channels is a crucial strategy for Chocobar MSMEs in building competitive advantage and improving business performance.
LOGISTIC BUSINESS STRATEGIC, LOGISTIC SYSTEM MANAGEMENT, HUMAN CAPITAL LOGISTIC MANAGEMENT, CORPORATE CULTURE, AND LEADERSHIP MODEL FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE LOGISTICS COMPANIES
Business owners, including logistics companies, desire two things in their businesses: sustainability and autopilot (Firdaus Achmad, 2022). Logistics services play a significant role in the Indonesian and global economy, particularly in the digital ecosystem, industry, government, and personal delivery. However, most small and medium enterprise logistics companies lack a robust management system. Therefore, this research is necessary to develop a business management model for logistics companies, including logistic business strategy, logistic system management, human capital logistic management, corporate culture, and leadership. This research was conducted in 20 small and medium enterprise logistics companies, members of ASPERINDO. This research was a survey with a quantitative research approach. The variables used in this study were: Independent variables, namely variables that influence other variables: Logistic Business Strategy (X1), Logistic System Management (X2), Human Capital Logistic Management (X3), Leadership (X4), and Corporate Culture (X5). The dependent variable, which is influenced by other variables, is Company Performance (Y). Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. The results of this study indicate that Logistic Business Strategy variables, consisting of indicators such as vision, mission, objectives, SWOT analysis, risk assessment, problem solving, work programs (marketing mix), and evaluation systems, have a positive but insignificant effect on the performance of small and medium enterprise logistics companies. Logistic System Management variables, consisting of indicators such as organizational structure, job descriptions, employee work plans, service level agreements, and standard operating procedures, have a significant positive effect on the performance of small and medium enterprise logistics companies. Human capital management variables, consisting of indicators such as compensation, benefits, rewards (appraisal system), punishment (company rules), work environment (K3 system), competency standards, and carrier path system, have a positive but insignificant effect on the performance of small and medium enterprise logistics companies. Leadership variables, consisting of indicators such as leader integrity, leader credibility, leader reliability, and visionary leadership, have a positive and significant effect on the performance of small and medium enterprise logistics companies. Corporate culture variables, consisting of indicators of the company's core values (values) and meaning of work, have a significant positive effect on the performance of small and medium enterprise logistics companies.
CRITICAL READING SKILLS IN ENGLISH TEXT ON ISLAMIC TOPICS
A crucial academic ability is critical reading, which allows readers to analyze, assess, and interpret texts in ways that go beyond simple comprehension. Because of the complexity, sensitivity, and variety of viewpoints surrounding Islam in international discourse, critical reading is essential when it comes to English books on Islamic subjects. This study investigates the growth and use of critical reading abilities when interacting with Islamic writings written in English. Data were gathered from university students enrolled in English education and Islamic studies programs using a qualitative descriptive research design. According to the results, students who use critical reading techniques—like recognizing author bias, assessing sources, and contextual interpretation—show greater understanding and more impartial viewpoints. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to incorporate critical reading education into English courses that deal with In order to foster academic rigor, intercultural understanding, and informed interpretation, the study emphasizes the significance of including critical reading teaching into English classes that deal with Islamic topics.
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING SYARIAH PRINCIPLE IN FINANCIAL REPORTING AT LAZISMU MEDAN
This study critically examines how Islamic accounting principles amanah (trustworthiness), accountability, transparency, and tawhidic stewardship are interpreted, institutionalized, and enacted in the financial reporting practices of LAZISMU Medan, a Muhammadiyah-affiliated amil zakat institution in North Sumatera, Indonesia. Departing from the dominant quantitative tradition in Islamic accounting literature, this study adopts a qualitative phenomenological approach to uncover the lived organizational realities, institutional tensions, and gap-bridging strategies that characterize compliance with PSAK 109 and broader sharia accounting norms. Research Methodology: In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 key informants purposively selected from LAZISMU Medan's management, accounting staff, Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB), and external auditors. Observational data were gathered through non-participant institutional observation over a three-month field immersion period, supplemented by extensive document analysis of LAZISMU Medan's audited financial statements, internal policy documents, and SSB reports. Findings: The study identified four principal themes: (1) a persistent "compliance-authenticity gap" wherein formal PSAK 109 compliance is achieved procedurally but substantive sharia values are inconsistently internalized; (2) institutional isomorphism pressures that shape transparency practices more than genuine accountability norms;(3) capacity deficits in sharia accounting competency among frontline staff that undermine reporting quality; and (4) the SSB's structural marginalization, which compromises meaningful sharia oversight.
THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE IN COMPANIES ANIMAL FEED PROCESSING IN NORTH SUMATRA
This study aims to analyze the influence of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and the use of digital technology on the sustainability performance of companies in the food industry sector. The background of this study is based on the importance of the business world's role in maintaining environmental sustainability, particularly through environmentally friendly human resource management and digital-based process efficiency. GHRM practices such as green recruitment, environmentally friendly training, and environmentally-based assessment and reward systems are believed to be able to increase employee awareness and support the implementation of corporate CSR programs. This study uses a descriptive approach, namely a quantitative method to measure the relationship between variables through surveys, interviews, and case studies. The study population includes food industry companies in Medan and Deliserdang that have implemented CSR or digitalization of work processes, with a purposive sampling technique. Expected results include the development of an integrative model of GHRM and digital technology, identification of supporting and inhibiting factors for implementation, and strategic recommendations for companies in improving economic, social, and environmental sustainability. This study is also expected to enrich the academic literature on sustainable human resource management and contribute to the achievement of the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) targets in Indonesia .
IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC COUNSELING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH
Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by rapid physical, emotional, and cognitive changes. These transitions often lead to psychological vulnerabilities such as anxiety, identity confusion, and behavioral problems. Islamic counseling, grounded in Qur’anic principles, prophetic guidance, and spiritual psychology, offers a holistic approach to nurturing mental well-being. This paper explores the theoretical foundations, methods, and practical implementation of Islamic counseling in strengthening adolescents’ mental health. The discussion highlights how Islamic therapeutic techniques-such as tazkiyah al-nafs (purification of the soul), muhasabah (self-reflection), tawakkul (trust in God), and religious coping-promote resilience, emotional regulation, and positive identity formation. Practical models of Islamic counseling in schools, family settings, and community institutions are also examined.
THE ROLE OF MAQASID AL-SHARIAH IN SHAPING SUSTAINABLE DIGITAL FINANCE
Digital finance has gained remarkable popularity among regulators and users, significantly transforming the landscape of modern financial systems through online banking, e-wallets, digital payments, and Islamic financial technology (Islamic fintech). Alongside these advancements, financial innovation has also introduced various challenges and risks that may negatively affect both the economy and society, including ethical concerns such as the presence of riba in digital transactions, cybersecurity risks, and potential data privacy issues. This paper examines the role of Maqasid al-Shariah as a guiding framework for the development of a more sustainable digital financial system grounded in sound ethical principles. The findings indicate that the five core objectives of Maqasid al-Shariah, namely the protection of religion, life, intellect, progeny, and wealth, serve to promote justice, transparency, and the long-term sustainability of digital finance. This study adopts a qualitative approach through content analysis of academic literature, Shariah standards, and regulatory documents related to Islamic finance and fintech. The study concludes that the application of Maqasid al-Shariah principles in policy formulation, fintech product development, and Shariah governance plays a significant role in enhancing consumer protection and strengthening trust in digital financial systems.
CONFERENCE : CONTEMPORARY THOUGHTS IN MODERN FATWA AND IJTIHAD
This paper discusses contemporary thinking in modern fatwas and ijtihad as a response to the rapid development in the fields of science, technology, medicine, economics and social life today. Various new issues faced by Muslims such as digital finance, artificial intelligence, bioethics and social media are not directly discussed in classical Islamic sources. Therefore, modern ijtihad is essential to ensure that Islamic law remains relevant and able to be applied in the current context. This paper describes the concept of fatwa and ijtihad, the need for modern ijtihad as well as the contemporary approach used by scholars in issuing fatwas. In addition, some examples of current issues and challenges in the fatwa institution were also discussed. In conclusion, the balance between sharia sources and current reality is very important to preserve sharia objectives.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDY DISCIPLINE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS AT SMPIT DARUR RASYID ACEH SINGKIL
This study aims to determine the relationship between learning discipline and academic achievement of students at SMP IT Darur Rasyid Aceh Singkil. This study uses a quantitative approach with explanatory research and correlational design. The sample consisted of 30 students selected using simple random sampling technique. Data on study discipline was collected through a Likert scale questionnaire, while data on academic achievement was obtained through documentation of student report card scores. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, and Pearson Product Moment correlation tests. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between study discipline and student academic achievement, with a correlation coefficient of 0.624 and a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05. These findings indicate that study discipline is an important factor in improving student academic achievement. Therefore, strengthening study discipline needs to be a major concern in efforts to improve the quality of education in schools.
EXPLORING : VARIOUS CHARACTERISTIC OF THE BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE WITHIN THE LEGAL FRAMEWORKS OF DIFFERENT COUNTERIES
Business judgment rule is a legal principle of the common law legal system that aims to provide protection to the directors in carrying out their duties as decision-makers in the company not to be legally accountable if the decision turns out to be detrimental to the company. Indonesia is trying to transplant this concept to be applied in Indonesia, which can be seen in article 97 of Law No.40 of 2007 concerning Companies, but this rule does not regulate in detail the conception of the business judgment rule, including legal remedies to prove the business judgment rule, moreover the paradigm change that occurred in the latest SOE Law in looking at the losses of SOEs, the principle of Business Judgment Rule is rapidly developing in the Common Law legal system, Until now, the debate about the conception of Business Judgment Rule has become a debate, moreover, the characteristics of Business Judgment Rule that have developed in Indonesia are quite different from the concept of Business Judgment Rule abroad, making this Business Judgment Rule in Indonesia limp in terms of rules and implementation. The writing of this article uses normative legal research, using primary legal sources that are authoritative, namely the Company Law, the Law on State-Owned Enterprises, the written rules of Foreign Countries, data collection techniques through literature studies. Using deductive patterns as a method of analysis by connecting major and minor premises to draw conclusions.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TASAWUF VALUES IN EARLY CHILDREN'S CHARACTER EDUCATION IN KINDERGARTEN ABA 12 MEDAN
This study aims to describe the implementation of Sufism values in early childhood character education. The approach used is descriptive qualitative through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that Sufism values such as sincerity, patience, discipline, and love can be implemented gradually through habituation activities, teacher role models, and a conducive learning environment. The application of Sufism values has been proven to help children build positive character, such as empathy, the ability to control emotions, and polite behavior. Consistent implementation between schools and families also plays an important role in strengthening the internalization of values. Thus, Sufism values can become an effective spiritual foundation in supporting the character development of early childhood.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN BUILDING THE RESILIENCE OF THE YOUNG GENERATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA AT MTS AL-WASHLIYAH 44 SEI RAMPAH
The digital era has brought significant changes to the learning process and character building of elementary school students. The rapid and massive flow of information increases the risk of exposure to negative content and psychological pressure that can affect children's moral development and identity. Islamic education has a strategic role in building the resilience of the younger generation through the strengthening of moral, spiritual, and social values. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic education in building student resilience in the digital age with a case study at Sei Rampah 44th Junior High School. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, observation of the learning process, and analysis of curriculum documents and religious activities. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that Islamic education contributes to building student resilience through the strengthening of noble character, the habit of worship, and the integration of Islamic values in social and digital contexts. Islamic Religious Education teachers play a key role in shaping values, despite facing challenges such as limited digital learning media and the influence of popular culture. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening teacher competencies, integrating Islamic digital education, and collaboration between schools, families, and communities.
BIOREMEDIATION OF PLASTIC WASTE AS A PRACTICE OF ISLAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS: TERABAC LIQUID INNOVATION TOWARDS RECYCLING AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AT LAHAD DATU VOCATIONAL COLLEGE, SABAH, MALAYSIA
This study integrates principles of Islamic environmental ethics with biotechnological innovation to address plastic pollution. Through experimental work at Lahad Datu Vocational College, we developed Terabac Liquid, a formulation containing a bacterial consortium (Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp.) and enzymes to accelerate plastic decomposition. The research aims to achieve over 95% degradation of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride within 60 days, converting the waste into high-quality organic fertilizer. This practice aligns with Islamic concepts of Khalīfah (stewardship), Ḥifẓ al-Bīʾah (environmental conservation), and the prevention of Isrāf (waste). The study proposes a model for vocational education that merges science, ethics, and green technology.
THE ROLE OF LEARNING SUSPICION IN FORMING EMPATHY AND EMOTIONAL CONTROL IN EARLY CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN
of children's socio-emotional and spiritual aspects. One relevant approach in Islamic education is Sufism, which focuses on moral development, self-awareness, and emotional control. This study aims to examine the role of Sufism in developing empathy and emotional control in early childhood in kindergarten. The research method used is library research by analyzing various primary and secondary literature sources, such as classical Sufism works, scientific articles, and research related to early childhood education and emotional intelligence. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that Sufism values such as tazkiyatun nafs (observance of the nafs), muraqabah (respect for the soul), mercy (rahmah), patience, and humility play an important role in helping children recognize, understand, and manage their emotions and foster empathy for others. Sufism learning delivered simply through habituation, teacher role models, stories, prayers, and light dhikr (remembrance of God) can create emotional calm, reduce impulsive behavior, and increase children's social sensitivity. Thus, the integration of Sufism learning in early childhood education contributes positively to the formation of empathy, emotional control, and children's character as a whole.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: TRANSFORMATION, SHIFTING AUTHORITY, AND DIGITAL ETHICS CHALLENGES
The development of digital technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought fundamental changes to educational practices, including Islamic education. These changes affect not only the technical aspects of learning but also the epistemological, ethical, and institutional dimensions of Islamic education. This article aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of integrating digital technology and AI into Islamic Religious Education (PAI) through a literature review and conceptual analysis approach. The findings indicate that digital technology and AI have the potential to enhance the effectiveness, personalization, and inclusivity of learning. Adaptive systems, online platforms, and data-driven analytics enable broader access to educational materials and provide more responsive learning support tailored to students’ needs. However, this integration also presents ethical and epistemological challenges, such as the risk of shifting scholarly authority, technological dependency, algorithmic bias, and the potential reduction of spiritual dimensions and moral character formation. Therefore, the utilization of technology in Islamic education must be guided by the framework of tawhid values, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, and digital ethics. Technology should be positioned as a means to strengthen the quality of learning and character development, not as a substitute for the educator’s role in guiding students’ moral and spiritual growth.
BRIDGING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE IN MALAYSIAN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION: THE WAKU-PRO PROGRAM AS AN INNOVATIVE ISLAMIC SOCIAL FINANCE MODEL FOR POST-DIGITAL RESILIENCE
The digital divide between urban and rural students is a persistent global challenge, exacerbated in the post-digital age where internet access is fundamental to educational equity. This paper examines the Waku-Pro program, a strategic initiative at Lahad Datu Vocational College in Sabah, Malaysia, designed to bridge this divide through an innovative Islamic social finance model. Prior to the program, only 8.2% of students had personal internet access, severely hindering rural students' academic progress. Using a qualitative case study approach, this research details the program's implementation, which utilized the Islamic principle of Wakaf (endowment) to crowdfund Unifi internet installations at 14 strategic locations across the campus, involving 18 access points with varying bandwidth capacities (100Mbps to 500Mbps) and a total investment of RM3,362. The findings reveal a transformative impact: post-implementation, 100% of students gained equal access to internet facilities. This intervention fostered digital resilience, leading to improved digital literacy, equitable coursework completion, and enhanced skills in essential software like Microsoft Office. While challenges such as internet misuse emerged, they were mitigated through continuous monitoring and access restrictions. The Waku-Pro program exemplifies how an Islamic interdisciplinary approach—combining educational needs with Islamic social finance—can provide a sustainable and resilient solution to a critical post-digital challenge. It offers a scalable model for other educational institutions facing similar disparities.
EFFECTS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-ASSISTED LEARNING IN SCIENCE AND RELIGIOUS EDUCATION ON CRITICAL AND ETHICAL THINKING
Educational transformation in the digital era demands the integration of intelligent technology into the learning process, including in subjects such as Natural Sciences (IPA) and Religious Education. This study aims to analyze the effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted learning on improving students' critical thinking and ethical thinking abilities. The study uses a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group approach. The research subjects were 120 high school students divided into an experimental group (using adaptive AI platforms and educational chat bots) and a control group (conventional learning based on discussion and textbooks). Research instruments included a critical thinking test based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) indicators and an ethical thinking assessment scale based on case studies. The results of the study indicate that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in critical thinking ability (p < 0.05) and and ethical thinking (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. These findings suggest that the integration of AI in Science and Religion learning can enhance both scientific literacy and students' moral awareness. This study recommends the development of an AI-based techno-spiritual pedagogical model to support holistic education in the digital era.
FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR AND INCOME AS DETERMINANTS OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS: EVIDENCE FROM GENERATION Z UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN AN ISLAMIC ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE
This study aims to examine the influence of financial literacy, financial behavior, and income on investment decisions among Generation Z university students from an Islamic economics perspective. The rapid development of digital financial platforms has increased young adults’ participation in investment activities; however, empirical evidence explaining the determinants of their investment decision-making remains limited. This study employs a quantitative approach with a causal research design. Primary data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to 120 undergraduate students at Management & Science University, Malaysia. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationships among the research variables. The results reveal that financial behavior and income have a positive and significant effect on students’ investment decisions. In contrast, financial literacy does not show a statistically significant direct effect on investment decisions. However, financial literacy, financial behavior, and income simultaneously influence investment decisions. These findings indicate that students’ investment decisions are shaped not only by financial knowledge but also by financial management behavior and individual economic capacity. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the investment behavior of Generation Z students in Malaysia and highlights the importance of strengthening financial education that emphasizes not only knowledge improvement but also the development of responsible financial behavior in line with Islamic economic principles.
ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION BASED ON NATURE IN THE POST-DIGITAL ERA
The post-digital era has revolutionized educational practices through the deep integration of technology, yet it has also raised concerns about the diminishing focus on value-based learning and direct experiential learning. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) faces challenges in sustaining spiritual resilience, moral development, and meaningful learning amidst rapidly evolving social and technological landscapes. This study explores nature-based Islamic Religious Education as an innovative pedagogical approach that combines environmental experiences with Islamic values. The research utilizes a qualitative case study approach, gathering data through participatory observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis in elementary education settings. The findings suggest that this nature-based method enhances contextual religious understanding, strengthens religious character formation, and fosters emotional-spiritual engagement by contextualizing Islamic teachings in real-world interactions with nature, which is viewed as a sign of God's creation. Furthermore, the approach contributes to educational resilience by creating a balance between utilizing digital technologies as tools and direct experiences as mediums for value internalization. This study concludes that nature-based Islamic Religious Education presents a relevant, holistic, and sustainable pedagogical model to address the challenges of education in the post-digital era, contributing to interdisciplinary discussions on Islamic education and pedagogical innovation.
LITERATURE STUDY ON THE ROLE OF DSN-MUI FATWAS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHARIA INVESTMENT IN INDONESIA
This study maps the role of fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) in establishing the legal and operational basis for sharia investment products in Indonesia. Through a systematic literature review of journals and national repositories, the study examines the legal basis and position of fatwas within the hierarchy of sharia financial regulations, the contribution of fatwas to the design and compliance of investment products (banking, capital markets, mutual funds, digital gold), and the implementation challenges when fatwas intersect with OJK/POJK regulations and market practices. Findings indicate that DSN-MUI fatwas play a crucial role as sharia guidelines that enhance product legitimacy. However, limitations in formal sanctions and the need for harmonization with state regulations sometimes create a gap between sharia norms and technical regulations. Recommendations include strengthening coordination mechanisms between DSN-MUI and regulatory authorities and increasing transparency of sharia compliance criteria in investment products.
E-ZAKAT PAYMENT SYSTEMS: DIGITAL WALLET INTEGRATION AND TRANSACTION CONVENIENCE
This study examines the implementation of e-zakat payment systems through digital wallet integration and its impact on transaction convenience among Muslim users. The purpose of this manuscript is to explore how digital payment technology facilitates zakat payments and shapes user perceptions regarding ease of use, accessibility, and trust. This study adopts a qualitative research approach by conducting in-depth interviews with zakat payers, zakat officers, and digital wallet users, supported by qualitative analysis of relevant documents and previous studies related to Islamic digital finance. The findings indicate that integrating digital wallets into e-zakat systems significantly improves transaction convenience by simplifying payment procedures, reducing time and physical barriers, and enabling real-time payment confirmation. Users perceive e-zakat platforms as more practical and efficient than conventional payment methods, particularly among urban and digitally literate communities. Trust increases when digital wallet providers collaborate with officially recognized zakat institutions and ensure transparency in transaction records. The study concludes that e-zakat payment systems supported by digital wallet integration contribute positively to the modernization of zakat management and increase public participation in zakat payments. Improving system reliability, user education, and compliance with Islamic principles remain essential for sustainable adoption and long-term implementation efforts worldwide today globally.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE IN POVERTY REDUCTION AND ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
This study examines the role of Islamic microfinance in poverty alleviation and economic resilience among low-income communities. The aim is to explore how Islamic microfinance institutions contribute to improving livelihoods, strengthening financial inclusion, and supporting sustainable economic activities in accordance with Sharia principles. Using a qualitative approach, the study conducted in-depth interviews with Islamic microfinance beneficiaries, institutional managers, and community stakeholders, supported by an analysis of institutional reports and academic literature. The findings indicate that Islamic microfinance significantly reduces poverty by providing accessible financing, promoting entrepreneurship, and encouraging ethical financial behavior. Sharia-compliant instruments such as qard al-hasan, murabaha, and profit-sharing schemes help beneficiaries meet basic needs while developing small businesses. Islamic microfinance also contributes to economic resilience by fostering social solidarity, risk-sharing, and community-based support systems. Beneficiaries reported increased income stability and a greater capacity to cope with economic shocks. The study concludes that Islamic microfinance effectively reduces poverty and builds economic resilience when combined with financial education and institutional support. Strengthening governance, outreach, and integration with social finance instruments is crucial to maximizing impact and long-term sustainability. This research provides insights for policymakers and practitioners developing inclusive Islamic finance programs.
BRIDGING ACCESS AND EMOTION: THE COUNSELLOR ATTACK INTEGRATED EMOTION OUTREACH MODEL TO ENHANCE HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR AT LAHAD DATU VOCATIONAL COLLAGE, SABAH, MALAYSIA
This study explores the effectiveness of the Counsellor Attack programme in improving students help-seeking behaviour at Lahad Datu Vocational College, Sabah, Malaysia. The programme was introduced to address the low number of students visiting the Psychology and Career Unit. Instead of waiting for students to come to the counselling room, counsellors actively visited classrooms and workshops to engage students directly in their own learning environment. To further strengthen the programme, emotional literacy elements were integrated through SoulTalk activities, which help students identify and express their emotions in a simple and supportive way. This approach aimed to reduce stigma toward counselling services and make students feel more comfortable seeking help. The study used an action research design involving 45 selected students. Data were collected through visitation records and pre- and post- intervention questionnaires. The findings show a 52.9% increase in student visits after the programme was implemented. Students also reported feeling more aware of their emotions, more comfortable speaking with counsellors, and more willing to seek support when needed. Overall, the Counsellor Attack Integrated Outreach Model demonstrates that combining proactive engagement with emotional support can effectively encourage help-seeking behaviour among vocational students. The model may serve as a practical approach for reducing counselling stigma and promoting emotional well-being in educational institutions.
ISLAMIC SEX EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY AS AN EFFORT TO STRENGTHEN FAMILY CHARACTER AND RESILIENCE
Education is not limited by the subject matter to be studied. Islam itself has no boundaries in its study. Even taboo subjects are discussed openly in Islam, preventing misunderstandings in their application. One of the most important topics in Islamic discussions is the family. The family is the spearhead of the movement of the nation, state, and even religion. It is from here that national figures are born, and a good family structure will impact the sustainability of a nation and its religion. One very important topic in this family is sex education, because if they have good knowledge about this, they will also be good to those around them. This research will discover how character development actually occurs within the family, especially the role of parents in providing sex education to their children, thus creating family resilience. The research uses a library study method, namely searching for and reviewing several studies that have been conducted and published in various journals that can be accounted for. In this study, all the journals the researchers found showed that sex education conducted at home is highly effective in improving family resilience in this era of globalization. Sexual information received at home is easier for children to understand than information received on social media or through peer groups.
DESIGN OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY-BASED DIGITAL PAI TEXTBOOKS IN MADRASAH
The digital transformation in education has encouraged Islamic schools (madrasahs) to adopt information technology-based digital textbooks as an effort to improve the quality of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. This article comprehensively discusses designing digital PAI open textbooks in madrasahs, focusing on information technology integration, benefits for improving collaborative learning, implementation challenges, model development, quality standards, best practices, and recent case studies. This research uses a literature review and case analysis approach, referring to the ADDIE and 4D development models, as well as the TPACK and TAM frameworks for technology integration. The results show that digital PAI textbooks are able to improve accessibility, interactivity, and student learning motivation, but face challenges in infrastructure, digital literacy, and validation of religious content. Case studies in various madrasahs emphasize the importance of teacher training, stakeholder collaboration, and quality assurance and digital ethics in developing digital PAI textbooks.
NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF COFFEE CHERRY (COFFEA SPP.): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES
Coffee cherry, the fruit of Coffea spp., has attracted increasing attention as a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential neuroprotective properties. This systematic review aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of coffee cherry based on evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Original experimental studies published between 2020 and 2025 that investigated coffee cherry or its derivatives in in vivo or in vitro neurological models were included. The results indicate that coffee cherry exhibits neuroprotective effects primarily through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Across experimental models, coffee cherry and its bioactive compounds were shown to reduce oxidative stress, attenuate neuroinflammatory responses, protect mitochondrial function, and enhance neuronal survival. In conclusion, coffee cherry demonstrates promising neuroprotective potential based on preclinical evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies; however, further standardized and well-designed studies are required to strengthen the evidence base and support future translational research.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF ISLAMIC VALUES INTEGRATION IN THE MEDICAL CURRICULUM: DO THEY EXPERIENCE MEANINGFUL IMPACTS?
As medical education increasingly prioritizes professionalism, ethical reasoning, and cultural competence, integrating Islamic values into the curriculum represents a strategic approach to developing morally grounded and socially responsive physicians. This integration promotes a holistic understanding of patients, encompassing social, psychological, material, and spiritual dimensions rather than focusing solely on diseases or organ systems. This study aimed to explore students’ perceptions of integrating Islamic medicine into the medical curriculum. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected at a single time point through a 10-item online questionnaire. The study population included second- to sixth-year medical students. A total of 100 students were selected through simple random sampling. Results: More than one-quarter of respondents were in their third to fifth years, while sixth-year students comprised 3% and second-year students 14% of the sample. Overall, students reported positive impacts of integrating Islamic values on their academic and professional development. Although some participants indicated that integration increased their academic workload, they considered the benefits to outweigh the challenges. Among the ten perception domains assessed, integration of Islamic education received the lowest mean score (4.06), primarily due to its occasional influence on students’ time management. Conclusion: Integrating Islamic values within the medical curriculum contributes positively to students’ professional identity formation, ethical awareness, spiritual well-being, and clinical preparedness. A holistic educational framework linking Islamic principles with medical knowledge, reflective practice, mentorship, and clinical exposure fosters not only technical competence but also compassion, accountability, and moral integrity essential for quality patient care.
WOMEN’S BUSINESS INCUBATOR PARTNERSHIP: PARTNERSHIP MODEL TO ENSURE SUSTAINABILITY OF MOMPRENEUR BUSINESS
This article is a literature study, and will present ideas in the form of designing an incubator model with partnerships. This model will be used by women who have micro businesses as an innovative solution in ensuring business sustainability. This model will be implemented in the LazisMU North Sumatra fostered business group, and is called the Women Business Incubator Partnership (WBIP) model. This study will explore the WBIP model and prepare policy recommendations, to ensure the sustainability of women's businesses and improve family welfare in efforts to eradicate poverty. The development of this model is planned to use the Research and Development method, the firts stage is by conducting quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The data collection process with in-depth interviews, and the result are expected to contribute to LazisMU North Sumatra in fostering mompreneur groups.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MOTIVATION AND RESILIENCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, SELF-EFFICACY, AND ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS: A STUDY OF SMES IN MEDAN CITY
This study aims to test a dual mediation model by investigating the role of Entrepreneurial Motivation and Entrepreneurial Resilience in the relationship between Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation (IEO), Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Success in MSMEs in Medan City. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 150 active MSMEs with at least two years of business experience were selected as respondents through a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a Likert scale of 1-5. Data analysis was carried out using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0 to test the validity, reliability, and hypothesized relationships in the model. The results of the study revealed that: (1) Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on both Entrepreneurial Motivation and Entrepreneurial Success (2) Entrepreneurial Motivation has a significant effect on Entrepreneurial Success and acts as a partial mediator between self-efficacy and success; (3) Entrepreneurial Resilience has a strong direct influence on success and serves as a key mediator between self-efficacy and success (4) IEO does not show a significant influence either directly or indirectly on motivation and success. This study concludes that in the context of MSMEs in Medan City, psychological factors of self-efficacy and entrepreneurial resilience are more determinants of business success than entrepreneurial orientation characteristics alone. Motivation plays an important role as a translation mechanism. The practical implications of this study emphasize the need for MSME development programs that shift their focus from purely technical training to developing psychological capital, particularly through training to build self-confidence and mental resilience in facing business uncertainty.
THE ROLE OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP IN ENHANCING EMPLOYEE INNOVATION AND JOB EMBEDDEDNESS
This study aims to examine and analyse the influence of self-efficacy and ethical leadership on employee innovation behaviour, both directly and indirectly through job embeddedness. This study uses a causal approach with quantitative methods. The study population consisted of all employees of PT PLN (Persero) ULP Medan Selatan, with a saturated sampling technique yielding 102 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modelling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) approach, which includes testing the outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing. Data processing was performed using the SEM-PLS software. The results indicate that self-efficacy, ethical leadership, and job embeddedness have a positive and significant impact on employee innovation behaviour. Additionally, self-efficacy and ethical leadership were found to have a significant impact on job embeddedness. Furthermore, the results of the indirect effect analysis confirmed that job embeddedness serves as an essential mediating variable in the relationship between self-efficacy and ethical leadership, influencing employee innovation behaviour. This finding confirms that increasing employee innovation is not only determined by individual factors and moral leadership, but is also greatly influenced by the level of employee engagement with their work and organisation.
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF STRUCTURED ACOUSTIC RECITATION ON NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF HYDROPONIC PAKCOY (BRASSICA RAPA L.)
Acoustic stimulation has emerged as a non-chemical approach to enhance plant growth and physiological performance under controlled cultivation systems. However, empirical evaluation of structured religious recitation as a potential acoustic stimulus remains limited. This study investigated the effect of Qur'an-recited water and acoustic exposure on nutrient uptake and growth performance of hydroponic pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). The experiment followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications per treatment: control nutrient solution (C), nutrient solution prepared using water exposed to structured recitation (QW), and daily acoustic exposure (QA; 30 min day⁻¹ at 65–70 dB). Growth parameters and macronutrient uptake (N, P, K) were analyzed using ANOVA under PROC GLM in SAS 9.4, and means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at p ≤ 0.05. QW significantly increased fresh weight (19.3%), dry weight (16.1%), leaf area (16.9%), chlorophyll index (13.5%), and nitrogen uptake (14.6%) compared to control. QA produced moderate but significant improvements. These findings suggest that structured acoustic exposure during water preparation may enhance biomass production and nutrient assimilation efficiency in hydroponic systems.
STRATEGY FOR RESOLVING INHERITANCE CONFLICTS AMONG MUSLIM FAMILIES ACCORDING TO FARAID PRINCIPLES
Dispute inheritance often become source division in family Muslims , especially when distribution treasure deviate from principles Islamic law . Research This aim For analyze settlement strategies conflict heritage among family Muslim with refers to the system faraid as framework normative . Qualitative methods used , take advantage of review literature and analysis normative law Islamic heritage , together with studies case from Muslim community . Findings the show that conflict inheritance often originate from lack of understanding about principles faraid , lack of transparency between expert inheritance and domination interest personal . Effective resolution strategies involving approach educational , mediation Sharia- based , and the role of institution religious as well as religious courts as mediators. Implementation principle faraid in a way consistent proven give justice distributive and maintaining harmony family after distribution heritage . Research This recommend strengthening literacy Islamic law and development mechanism settlement based conflict Sharia values in scope family.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN CHARACTER BUILDING OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Islamic religious education is essential in building students' character, especially at the elementary school level. In the context of education in Indonesia, which prioritizes the formation of national character, Islamic religious education is one of the effective means to shape attitudes, behaviors, and personalities that are by religious values. This study aims to analyze the contribution of Islamic religious education in building students' character in elementary schools, focusing on the moral and ethical aspects of its teaching materials. Through a qualitative approach, this study uses literature study methods and direct observation in several elementary schools that implement the Islamic religious education curriculum. The study's results indicate that Islamic religious education can influence students to develop positive attitudes such as honesty, responsibility, discipline, and empathy for others. In addition, Islamic religious education also teaches deep spiritual values, which support students' moral development in everyday life. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Islamic religious education in elementary schools be further strengthened with a more contextual and integrative approach to be more effective in shaping students' characters with noble morals.
INTERNALIZATION OF ISLAMIC VALUES THROUGH THERAPY AND SPIRITUAL EDUCATION
The achievement of insanul kamil the ideal of perfect human character in Islam has long served as the ultimate aspiration of Islamic education. Yet contemporary Muslim societies face a paradox: millions of individuals who are nominally Muslim exhibit values, behaviors, and character traits that diverge profoundly from the ideals espoused by the Islamic tradition. This study investigates how Islamic therapeutic approaches and spiritual education can serve as integrated mechanisms for the internalization of Islamic values, addressing both the psychological and spiritual dimensions of character formation. Employing a qualitative phenomenological research design, the study engaged educators, spiritual counselors, and students at Islamic educational institutions in North Sumatra, Indonesia, through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Data were analyzed thematically following Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-phase framework. Findings reveal that effective internalization of Islamic values occurs through a four-stage holistic model encompassing cognitive understanding, affective engagement, behavioral habituation, and sustained character consolidation. Islamic therapeutic practices — particularly dhikr (remembrance of Allah), muhasabah (self-reflection), tawbah (repentance), tafakkur (contemplation), and structured spiritual mentorship — proved instrumental in facilitating progression through these stages. Key outcomes of successful internalization included enhanced taqwa (God-consciousness), strengthened tawhid-based knowledge and practice, increased quality of righteous companionship, and demonstrable moral transformation. The study concludes that the deliberate integration of Islamic therapy within spiritual education programs produces synergistic outcomes that conventional cognitive-only approaches to Islamic education cannot achieve, and offers a replicable model for Islamic educational institutions seeking holistic character formation.
GROWTH RESPONSE OF MUNG BEAN SPROUTS (VIGNA RADIATA L.) TO QUR’ANIC RECITATION AS AN ACOUSTIC TREATMENT
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qur’anic recitation as an acoustic treatment on the growth performance of mung bean sprouts (Vigna radiata L.). The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments: control (no sound exposure), 6 hours/day, and 12 hours/day exposure, each with five replications. Observed parameters included germination percentage, sprout length, fresh weight, and moisture content. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SAS software followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at α = 0.05. The results showed that Qur’anic recitation significantly increased germination percentage, sprout length, and fresh weight (p < 0.05), while moisture content was not significantly affected. The highest growth response was observed under 12-hour exposure. These findings indicate that Qur’anic recitation can act as a beneficial acoustic stimulus to improve plant growth performance.
INCREASE VALUES LAW ISLAM IN THE FORMATION OF INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW (A REVIEW OF THE DEATH PENALTY)
Indonesian criminals law constitutes a fundamental component of the national legal system, functioning to maintain public order and to realize justice. However, the criminal law framework in Indonesia remains significantly influenced by colonial legal legacies, which creates an urgent need for reform grounded in the philosophical and sociological values of the nation. One of the relevant sources of values in the development of national criminal law is Islamic law, considering that Indonesia has a Muslim- majority population and is founded upon the principles of Pancasila. This study aims to analyze how Islamic legal values can be enhanced and integrated into the formation of Indonesian criminal law, particularly in relation to the regulation of the death penalty. This research employs a normative legal researcher method , utilizing statutory, conceptual, and philosophical approaches. The data were collected through library research, including legislation, judicial decisions, and relevant scholarly literature and academic journals. The analysis was conducted qualitatively by examining the concept of punishment in Indonesian criminal law and Islamic criminal law, as well as by comparing their fundamental objectives and principles. The findings indicate that Islamic legal values such as justice , public interest ( maslahah ), prudence in the imposition of punishment, protection of the right to life, and the concept of forgiveness possess strong relevance in the reform of Indonesian criminal law. In the context of the death penalty, Islamic law positions this sanction US an ultimate ratio, whose application is subject to strict requirements and oriented toward the protection of human life. These values are consistent with recent developments in Indonesian crime law, which increasingly emphasize a humane and restorative approach, as reflected in contemporary penalty policy reforms. This study concludes that enhancing Islamic legal values in the formation of Indonesian criminal law does not aim to formalize religious law, but rather to strengthen the principles of justice and humanity within the national legal system . The integration of these values is expected to reinforce the moral and social legitimacy of Indonesian criminal law in achieving civilized and equitable justice.
UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
The development of digital technology has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including the field of education. In the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI), the utilization of technology has become one of the strategic efforts to improve the quality of the learning process so that it becomes more engaging, effective, and relevant to contemporary developments. However, the integration of technology in PAI learning is inseparable from various opportunities as well as challenges that need to be examined in depth. This study aims to analyze the utilization of technology in Islamic Religious Education learning and to identify the opportunities and challenges that arise in its implementation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation conducted during the PAI learning process in schools. The results of the study indicate that: (1) the forms of technology utilization in PAI learning include the use of digital presentation media, learning videos, online learning applications, and technology-based evaluation platforms; (2) the opportunities arising from the use of technology include increasing students’ learning interest, facilitating access to learning resources, and supporting more interactive and innovative learning processes; (3) the challenges faced include limited technological facilities, variations in digital competencies among teachers and students, and the potential misuse of technology; and (4) strategies that can be implemented to optimize the utilization of technology include improving teachers’ digital competencies, providing adequate facilities and infrastructure, and integrating Islamic educational values in the use of technology wisely and responsibly. Therefore, the utilization of technology in PAI learning needs to be managed properly in order to support the achievement of Islamic educational goals effectively.
THE USE OF AUGMENTED REALITY THROUGH ELEMENT LEARNING TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' MATHEMATICAL LITERACY
This Classroom Action Research (CAR) aims to analyze the improvement of students' mathematical literacy through the use of Augmented Reality (AR) media within the Estafet Learning model. The research was conducted over two cycles with 33 students of class X IPA 2 at SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan. Data was collected through tests, observation, and questionnaires. The results prove that the combination of AR and Estafet Learning effectively enhanced mathematical literacy. Questionnaire data showed an increase in students in the 'high' category, from 9% (Cycle I) to 85% (Cycle II). The percentage of worksheet completion also significantly increased from 37.5% to 87%. Augmented Reality successfully visualized abstract mathematical concepts, while Estafet Learning fostered active collaboration and in-depth understanding through its relay stages. Thus, the integration of these two strategies is proven effective and is recommended as an innovative learning approach to optimize students' mathematical literacy.
THE EFFECT OF GREEN ACCOUNTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AS MEASURED BY ROA IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX IN THE 2021-2024 PERIOD
This study aims to analyze the influence of green accounting and environmental performance on the financial performance of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2024 period. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from annual reports, corporate performance reports, and publications of the Corporate Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management (PROPER). The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, resulting in 13 manufacturing companies that met the study criteria. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. The results show that green accounting has a positive effect on financial performance, indicating that the implementation and dissemination of environmental activities can increase stakeholder trust and company operational efficiency, thus impacting profitability. Furthermore, environmental performance, as measured by the PROPER rating, also has a positive effect on financial performance, implying that companies with good environmental performance tend to gain a better reputation and support from investors, thus improving their financial performance.
THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE STUDENT LITERACY AT MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
This study aims to analyze the influence of the use of digital technology on improving student literacy in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The background of this research departs from the need for learning innovation in the digital era to improve students' basic literacy and digital literacy competencies. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design involving two groups, namely the experimental class and the control class. The research instruments include literacy tests and student perception questionnaires. The results showed that the use of digital technology had a significant effect on improving student literacy, with the difference in the average score of pretest and posttest in the experimental class of 17.2 points (p < 0.05). These findings confirm that digital technology-based learning is able to improve students' literacy skills through interactive media, e-learning, and gamification-based digital activities.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MICROSOFT MATHEMATICS ASSISTED KNISLEY LEARNING TO IMPROVE MATHEMATICAL REASONING
This study aims to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities on the subject of matrices through the application of the Knisley Mathematics Learning Model (MPMK) assisted by Microsoft Mathematics software. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was carried out in two cycles. The subjects of the study were 30 students of class XI-IA 2 of SMA Negeri 6 Padangsidimpuan, consisting of 14 male students and 16 female students. Data were collected through mathematical reasoning ability tests and observations of student and teacher activities. The results of the study showed that the application of this model succeeded in significantly improving students' mathematical reasoning abilities, indicated by an increase in classical completeness from 46.67% in Cycle I to 86.67% in Cycle II, with an increase of 40%. In addition, student learning activities also increased from 63.71% to 81.03% (an increase of 17.32%), and teachers' ability to manage learning increased from 78.76% to 98.87% (an increase of 20.11%). Thus, it can be concluded that the Knisley Learning Model assisted by Microsoft Mathematics is effective in improving mathematical reasoning abilities, student activities, and teacher performance in matrix learning.
FETIFORM TERATOMA: GOD-CREATED MAN WITHOUT FATHER?
Fetiform teratoma, also known as homunculus, represents one of the most extraordinary and diagnostically challenging entities in surgical pathology. Fetiform teratomas result from neoplastic processes of germ cells, while fetus-in-fetu arises from aberrant embryogenesis, specifically the inclusion of a parasitic monozygotic twin, and common locations of fetiform teratoma include the ovaries, retroperitoneum, and sacrococcygeal region, with clinical presentations varying from neonatal masses to pelvic pain in adults. We present a case of a 27-year-old Indonesian woman (gravida 1, para 0), Karo ethnicity, presented with abdominal enlargement. She underwent a laparotomy and left ovarian cystectomy. The ovarian cyst was as described as a10 x 9 x 7 cm cyst, smooth, brown, reddish-black cyst, when dissectioned resembles a 8.5 x 7 x 5 cm fetus. On microscopic examination it was found head appeared bones, cartilage, nerves, ganglia, and choroid plexus; back appeared skin, skin adnexa, and fat; abdomen appeared umbilical cord orifice, digestive tract with complete muscular tube; and cross section of umbilical cord appeared digestive tract and 2 blood vessels. This serves as further evidence of the truth of the sacred verses of the Qur’an, which state that it is not impossible for a child to be born to a mother who has never been touched by a man, for if Allah wills it by merely saying, ‘Be,’ then so shall it be. Scientific views are also presented which prove the truth and relevance of Surah Al-Mu’minun verses 12-16, Surah Ath-Thariq verses 6-7, and Surah Al-‘Alaq verses 1-2 to the creation of humankind.
PROTECTION OF WOMEN VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASHID SYARIAH
Sexual violence against women constitutes one of the most profound violations of human rights, threatening women’s physical, psychological, and social well-being. This article aims to analyze the protection of women victims of sexual violence from the perspective of maqashid syariah. Maqashid syariah, as the overarching objectives of Islamic law, emphasizes the protection of five essential elements: religion, life, intellect, lineage, and property. In this context, the protection of life and the dignity of women constitutes the principal foundation for formulating an effective protection framework. This article identifies the legal and protective mechanisms provided by Islamic law for victims of sexual violence, exploring principles of justice, the restoration of victims’ rights, and the prevention of sexual violence. Through the lens of maqashid syariah, this article also discusses the critical roles of the state, civil society, and religious institutions in supporting victims, as well as in implementing policies consistent with fundamental Islamic values. Furthermore, this article proposes several practical strategies within the national legal system that can strengthen legal protection for women victims of sexual violence, while integrating the concept of maqashid syariah as a foundational principle in legal and policy reform. As such, this article makes a significant contribution to the advancement of scholarship on women’s protection from an Islamic perspective, offering concrete solutions toward the reduction of sexual violence against women in contemporary society.
SCIENTIST PARENTAL APPLICATION: PRESERVING THE LEGACY OF PROGRESSIVE SCIENTIFIC ETHICS
Science is a product of human endeavor that facilitates the management, resolution, and planning of life’s complexities. It is derived through a process of contemplation, logical reasoning, empirical research, and constructive dialogue. While past scholars have provided a profound legacy—further validated by contemporary research—this knowledge must be advanced to shape the future. Furthermore, a scientist's role is inherently intertwined with the ethics of how knowledge is articulated and transmitted. In the modern era, knowledge is accessible through a multitude of sources, ranging from classical scholarly works to various digital platforms and streamlined applications. However, the humanistic connection between scholars has diminished, nearly eroding the traditional process of intellectual inheritance. This poses a significant ethical challenge; yet, maintaining the 'parental' mentorship process remains an absolute necessity. Consequently, a 'Scientist Parental Application' emerges as a solution to preserve an ethically-grounded intellectual legacy for a progressive future.
Learning is a process of transforming values between generations with the aim of inheriting, developing, and designing civilization for the future. The generation that will live in the future is characterized by Generation Z, which is saturated with digital technology as its main instrument and skill. Digitalization in learning is not just about planning, managing, and developing, but also about being responsible for preparing all parties involved in intergenerational transformation. How can we describe the future as a real situation? This is what must be understood, comprehended, and used as the basis for learning development. We conducted an in-depth study that learning packaged in the process of digitalization must feel dry and dangerous if it is not given a human touch. The idea of developing humanistic digitalization-based learning offers a progressive society as an alternative and solution for good education.
WOMEN'S LEADERSHIP IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATORS AT UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA
Leadership is the ability to influence others to achieve a goal. Leadership has always been identified with the role of men, even in the world of education, However, as times have changed, women have also gained equal rights and capabilities. Female school principals are capable of matching men in leading educational institutions, ensuring that these institutions maintain high quality and remain competitive in the market. The focus of this study is on how women's leadership styles contribute to the development of educational quality at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. This study employs a qualitative research method using a case study design. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was unsured through source triangulation and methodological trangulation. The findings of this study on women's leadership in educational quality developusent at Muhammadiyah University have provided valuable insights, thereby helping to produce students of noble character who possess high-quality educational knowledge.
THE IMPECT OF PARENTAL DIVORCE ON THE SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY CHILHOOD
Parental divorce is a family event that has a significant impact on a child's emotional and social development at an early age. At this stage, children are at a point in their development that is highly sensitive to changes in situations, especially in their relationships with the adults around them. According to Bowlby (1988), secure attachments are disrupted when children face the loss of a loved one due to divorce or conflict, leading to anxiety, fear, and regressive behavior. Furthermore, Papalia & Feldman (2014) explain that children who experience family instability often have difficulty managing emotions, interacting socially, and forming a self- identity. Socially, children often exhibit more withdrawn behavior, act aggressively, or encounter difficulties in forming friendships as a result of the emotional stress they experience. Santrock (2011) emphasized that conflict between parents can reduce a child's ability to adapt socially and impact the development of empathy and self-confidence. Research from various experts shows that the effects of divorce can be mitigated through good co-parenting practices, ongoing emotional support, and a responsive educational environment. Therefore, the active involvement of parents and educators is a crucial factor in maintaining the stability of early childhood social- emotional development after divorce.
THE CONCEPT OF CHILDREN'S EDUCATION IN THE QUR'AN AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR LEARNING IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
This study aims to analyze the concept of children's education in the Qur'an and its implications for learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. This research uses a literature study method through the analysis of various sources, including classical and contemporary tafsir books, Islamic education books, and national and international scientific journals for the 2019–2024 period. The results of the study show that children's education in the Qur'an is holistic and comprehensive, including the cultivation of monotheism, moral development, example, dialogical approach, and habituation of discipline and responsibility, as reflected in QS. Luqman verses 12–19. The implications of this concept in learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah are manifested through the integration of Qur'anic values in the curriculum, the role of teachers as role models, the application of humanist and dialogical learning methods, and the habituation of religious activities and positive routines in schools. Thus, Qur'an-based children's education is relevant to answer the challenges of education in the modern era and contributes significantly to forming students who are intellectually intelligent, spiritually strong, and morally strong
ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN MUHAMMADIYAH ZAKAT, INFAQ AND SHADAQAH COLLECTION INSTITUTIONS
Social media has become a strategic platform for Islamic philanthropic institutions in building public trust, including the Muhammadiyah Amil Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah Institution (LAZISMU). However, social media also poses potential risks to organizational reputation due to the rapid spread of negative information, public misunderstandings, and sensitive issues. This article aims to analyze social media crisis management in LAZISMU by examining relevant theories, models, and previous studies related to digital crisis communication and organizational reputation management. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method. Data were collected from academic journals, books, and credible online sources discussing crisis management, social media communication, and Islamic philanthropic institutions. The analysis indicates that effective social media crisis management involves identifying potential crises, delivering rapid and coordinated responses, ensuring transparency in information clarification, and strengthening positive narratives in the post-crisis phase. Communication strategies grounded in Islamic values, professionalism, and accountability are essential in maintaining public trust. This article concludes that a comprehensive literature-based approach to social media crisis management is crucial for sustaining the reputation and credibility of Islamic philanthropic institutions in the digital era.
CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN CORPORATE LOGISTICS SERVICES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF OPERATIONAL AND RELATIONAL DRIVERS
Customer loyalty is an important factor in maintaining business relationship sustainability in increasingly competitive corporate logistics services. This study aims to identify the factors affecting customer loyalty in corporate logistics services using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. A total of 79 relevant scientific articles were analyzed to determine the main factors most frequently discussed in previous studies. The results show that customer loyalty is influenced by five main factors, namely service reliability (35.4%), customer satisfaction (26.6%), service value (19.0%), delivery timeliness (15.2%), and relationship marketing (3.8%). Service reliability is the most dominant factor, indicating that consistency and the company’s ability to fulfill service promises are the key determinants in building customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction and service value also play important roles in maintaining long-term relationships, while delivery timeliness and relationship marketing act as supporting factors in increasing customer trust and commitment. These findings indicate that customer loyalty in corporate logistics services requires synergy between operational reliability, customer satisfaction, service value, and long-term relationships to create sustainable competitive advantage.
DIGITAL ADOPTION OF TAM IN LAST-MILE LOGISTICS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATUR REVIEW OF CPP-SLA IMPACTS
Although various digital technologies have been implemented to enhance distribution efficiency, systematic evidence linking technology acceptance to operational performance remains limited and fragmented. This study aims to analyze the application of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of digital technology adoption in last-mile logistics and its implications for operational performance, particularly Cost per Parcel (CPP) and Service Level Agreement (SLA) achievement. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was employed, following stages of identification, screening, and article selection based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. From 600 articles identified across six academic databases, 39 articles met the eligibility criteria and were systematically synthesized. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, together with external factors such as trust, organizational readiness, and infrastructure support, play significant roles in driving technology adoption. The level of actual system use is associated with route optimization, enhanced real-time visibility, reduced delivery failures, and improved service timeliness, ultimately contributing to CPP efficiency and SLA attainment. This study integrates technology acceptance perspectives with operational performance indicators into a unified conceptual framework, providing a strategic foundation for decision-making in last-mile logistics digital transformation.
INSTITUTIONAL READINESS FOR TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED ISLAMIC LEARNING: A CASE FOR HUMAN-CENTERED DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
The digital transformation of higher education post-COVID-19 pandemic has been massive, yet institutional readiness, especially in Islamic higher education, remains highly varied and often neglects the human dimension as the center of change. This article aims to formulate a conceptual framework for institutional readiness for technology-assisted Islamic learning with a human-centered approach, and to identify key dimensions influencing the success of digital transformation in the context of Islamic higher education. This research uses a qualitative approach with a multiple case study design across three Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, involving 45 participants consisting of students, lecturers, and administrators through in-depth semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, with thematic analysis following the framework. The main findings reveal four interconnected dimensions of institutional readiness: technological infrastructure as a critical foundation, the digital competency gap between lecturers and students, the dynamics of attitudes and culture encompassing resistance to change alongside enthusiasm for flexibility, and the urgency of a governance and data ethics framework to anticipate the risks of the "dark side" of digital transformation. This research contributes to the development of a conceptual framework that integrates Islamic values such as amanah (trustworthiness) and maqashid syariah (objectives of Islamic law) into digital readiness dimensions, which have been overlooked in conventional digital transformation literature. In conclusion, sustainable digital transformation in Islamic higher education demands an integrated strategy that not only focuses on technology investment but also on human capacity development, culturally sensitive change management, and a strong ethical framework. Further research is suggested to expand the geographical scope to the broader Southeast Asia and Middle East regions and to develop institutional readiness measurement instruments that accommodate Islamic values and local wisdom.
THE STRENGTH OF PARENTING PATTERNS WITH A BEHAVIORIST APPROACH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD'S EXEMPLARY BEHAVIOR IN INCREASING THE MEANINGFULNESS OF STUDENT LEARNING
Improving the meaningfulness of student learning is determined not only by the quality of the learning process at school, but also by the parenting patterns implemented by parents at home. This study aims to analyze the strength of parenting patterns based on a behaviorist approach from the perspective of the Prophet Muhammad's exemplary behavior and its implications for the meaningfulness of student learning. The behaviorist approach was chosen because it emphasizes behavioral formation through habituation, reinforcement, and structured consequences. Meanwhile, the Prophet Muhammad's exemplary behavior provides a moral and spiritual foundation in the form of principles of compassion, wisdom, consistency, and role-modeling. This study used qualitative methods with a systematic literature review design involving primary and secondary sources, both classical and contemporary. The results show that integrating behaviorist parenting patterns with the Prophet Muhammad's exemplary behavior can strengthen the internalization of values, increase positive discipline, and foster students' intrinsic motivation in learning. This combination of the two creates a parenting environment that balances behavioral reinforcement and moral formation, thus significantly impacting the meaningfulness of the learning process. These findings confirm that a parenting model that combines a scientific approach and prophetic values has the potential to be an effective strategy for improving the quality of character education and student learning outcomes.
EXPLORATION OF THE USE OF AUDIO VISUAL MEDIA BY TEACHERS IN PAI LEARNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN THE DIGITAL ERA
The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to the world of education, including in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in elementary schools. One relevant form of technology integration is the use of audiovisual media as a learning support tool. This study aims to explore the use of audiovisual media by teachers in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning and analyze its contribution to the development of students' cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains in the digital era. This study used a qualitative approach with a library research method. The results of the study indicate that audiovisual media has a strategic role in increasing student learning engagement, facilitating the understanding of abstract PAI material, and helping internalize Islamic values more meaningfully. Audiovisual media has also been proven to contribute positively to supporting the achievement of learning objectives in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. However, its use in elementary schools is not fully optimal due to obstacles such as limited teacher digital competence, limited technological facilities, and a lack of pedagogical planning. Therefore, it is necessary to improve teacher competence and support from educational institutions so that the use of audiovisual media in Islamic Religious Education learning can run effectively and sustainably.
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL MEDIA IN ENHANCING STUDENS LEARNING ACHICVEMENT IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH IN THE DIGITAL ERA
This study aims to analyze the role of social media or digital media use in improving elementary school students' academic achievement. This study used a literature review method, which examined five articles published in various journals from 2020 to 2024. The literature review involved four steps: selecting a topic for review, tracking and selecting suitable/relevant articles, analyzing and synthesizing the literature, and organizing the review. The results of the study indicate that excessive use of social media or digital media can be detrimental to academic achievement, while controlled use can help improve academic achievement.
THE ROLE OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN REALIZING THE TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Education is very important in life. Education has the goal of bringing change for the better. As the times develop, there are always changes in the world of education, one of which is in education in the digital era. Education in the digital era is education that is faced in accordance with the development of the times that are always changing. The transformation of education in the digital era requires the role of teachers and students so that it can run well. Teachers and students are the main key to the success of the digital era educational transformation. The transformation of digital education will provide maximum benefits to future generations. This research uses a qualitative approach or literature study. The results of the research show that digital education transformation greatly affects the world of education. Teachers and students have a very important role in the transformation of education in the digital era. The digital transformation of education in the digital era can be realized by the role of teachers such as being learning facilitators, utilizing technology as best as possible, and students can participate in becoming active learners, using technology and following the development of the times by developing skills and critical thinking.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPLETE SYSTEMATIC LAND REGISTRATION (PTSL) IN CREATING LEGAL CERTAINTY OF LAND RIGHTS
Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) is a national program aimed at providing legal certainty for land rights through comprehensive and systematic land registration. This program not only makes it easier for people to obtain land certificates but also reduces land conflicts that often arise due to unclear land legal status. This study aims to analyze the implementation of PTSL in realizing legal certainty for land rights, including the challenges and obstacles encountered in its implementation. The research methods used are literature study and qualitative descriptive analysis based on data from regulations, literature, and field practices. The results show that PTSL is effective in increasing legal certainty for land, strengthening the protection of land rights for the community, and supporting national development. However, obstacles such as limited resources, administrative errors, and low public awareness are key challenges that need to be addressed for this program to run optimally.
THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAM A STUDY OF AL GHAZALI'S THOUGHT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH MODERN ISLAMIC EDUCATION
Knowledge is a fundamental concept in Islam that not only serves as a means of acquiring knowledge, but also as an instrument of moral and spiritual formation of human beings. However, modern Islamic education still faces the problem of the dichotomy of science between religious science and general science which has an impact on the weakening of the integration of values in the educational process. This article aims to examine the concept of science in Islam according to Al-Ghazali's thought and analyze its relevance to the development of modern Islamic education. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. Data were obtained from scientific journal articles relevant to the theme of Al-Ghazali's thought, Islamic epistemology, and modern Islamic education, then analyzed through content analysis techniques and descriptive-analytical approaches. The results of the study show that Al-Ghazali views science as a means to get closer to Allah SWT and form noble morals, by emphasizing the integration between revelation and reason. The classification of knowledge into fardhu 'ain and fardhu kifayah shows that there is a balance between individual spiritual needs and social welfare. Al-Ghazali's thinking is considered relevant to answer the challenges of modern Islamic education, especially in overcoming the dichotomy of science and the crisis of value orientation. The integration of knowledge, faith, and morals is an important foundation in formulating a holistic Islamic education paradigm in the modern era.
STUDENT CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY BASED ON ISLAMIC VALUES
This research aims to analyze the development of students' Islamic character by utilizing technology in the digital era. This research uses a library research approach by examining various relevant and credible literature sources, including scientific books, reputable journal articles, and academic documents that discuss character education, and educational dynamics in the digital era. Character development emphasizes the formation of a personality that is moral, religious, and responsible for the social and natural environment. The inculcation of these values needs to be done consistently and sustainably from an early age. Character is formed through three main elements, namely understanding moral values, emotional appreciation of the value of goodness, and habituation of ethical behavior in daily life. Moral understanding helps students recognize correct values, the emotional aspects foster empathy and ethical awareness, while behavioral habituation encourages learners to embody those values in real action. Collaboration between various parties and the use of available media and technology are the keys to forming students who have strong character, adaptive, and are ready to face the challenges of life in the digital era.
EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE QURAN AND HADITH
Early Childhood Education (PAUD) is a strategic foundation in the formation of human personality comprehensively. In an Islamic perspective, early childhood education is not only oriented towards the development of cognitive and basic skills, but also serves as a means of instilling the values of monotheism, morals, and spirituality from an early age. This research aims to analyze in depth the concept of early childhood education based on the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith, as well as its relevance to contemporary educational practices. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method with primary data sources, namely the Qur'an and Hadith that are relevant to early childhood education and secondary data in the form of books on early childhood education as well as literature on interpretation, hadith lectures, and relevant scientific studies. Data analysis is carried out through content analysis techniques to identify the stages of early childhood development, educators' methods in educating early childhood according to Islamic teachings according to the Qur'an and hadith. The results of the study show that the Qur'an and Hadith affirm the urgency of children's education from an early age as a phase of cultivating fitrah, forming noble morals, and developing children's potential in a comprehensive and balanced manner between spiritual, moral, intellectual, emotional, and physical aspects. Early childhood education in Islam emphasizes the approach of example, habituation, compassion, and responsibility of parents and educators as the main agents of education. These findings reinforce the importance of educating early childhood according to Islamic teachings guided by the Qur'an and Hadith. Where, in it there are methods and strategies in educating and building a generation of faith, knowledge, and noble character.
STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS OF LISTENING DIFFICULTIES IN ENGLISH FOR ISLAMIC STUDENTS
Listening comprehension is widely recognized as one of the most challenging skills for learners of English as a foreign language, particularly among Islamic students who often study English in limited exposure contexts. This study investigates students’ perceptions of listening difficulties in English learning at an Islamic educational institution. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to Islamic secondary and tertiary-level students. The findings reveal that the main listening difficulties perceived by students include limited vocabulary knowledge, unfamiliar pronunciation and accents, fast speech rate, and lack of exposure to authentic listening materials. Additionally, cultural distance and anxiety during listening tasks were reported as factors that negatively influence comprehension. The study highlights that students tend to rely heavily on word-by-word understanding rather than global meaning, which further complicates listening performance. These results suggest the need for more contextualized, culturally relevant, and strategy-based listening instruction in Islamic education settings. The study provides pedagogical implications for English teachers to design more effective listening activities that align with students’ linguistic and educational backgrounds.For Islamic students, learning English occurs within a unique educational environment where religious studies such as the Qur’an, Hadith, Fiqh, and Arabic language studies dominate the curriculum. While these students often demonstrate strong reading and memorization skills, their exposure to spoken English is frequently limited. As a result, many Islamic students perceive English listening as difficult, stressful, and less achievable than other language skills.Students’ perceptions are a critical factor in successful language learning. Perceptions influence motivation, learning strategies, classroom participation, and long-term achievement. When students perceive listening as too difficult, they may develop anxiety, avoid listening activities, and lose confidence in their ability to understand spoken English. This situation can negatively affect overall English proficiency. Although many studies have investigated listening difficulties among EFL learners, limited research has focused specifically on Islamic students and their perceptions of listening challenges. Therefore, this study aims to explore Islamic students’ perceptions of listening difficulties in English and to propose a simple and practical teaching method that can be applied in Islamic EFL classrooms.
TWIN TRANSITION AS AN ADAPTIVE STRATEGY FOR ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE POST CRISIS
The twin transition, which combines digital transformation and the green transition, is increasingly important as an adaptive strategy for post-crisis economic recovery and resilience. The global economic crisis demonstrates the need for an approach that focuses not only on economic recovery but also on economic sustainability. However, research on the twin transition has not been widely conducted, especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to bridge this gap by reviewing empirical studies on the contribution of the twin transition as a mechanism for post-crisis economic recovery and resilience, as well as future economic shocks. This study uses a library research approach with content analysis methods and systematic analysis of the twin transition adaptive strategy as a mechanism for post-crisis economic recovery and resilience. The results of this study indicate that the twin transition can be used as a highly potential adaptive strategy to support long-term economic recovery. The twin transition, when implemented, can create an economic structure that is more resilient to shocks, flexible, competitive, and sustainable. However, the implementation of the twin transition is not immediately successful, as its success is determined by institutional capacity, technological readiness, human resources, and regulations implemented by policymakers.
Islam is a religion whose values are compatible with the development of the times. In the era of globalization, contemporary issues such as Islam and Democracy, Islam and Gender, Islam and Pluralism, and Islam and Science have become important topics of collective discussion. This paper aims to explain these four contemporary issues from the perspective of Islamic teachings. Using a qualitative approach with data sourced from books, journals, and scientific writings, this study presents a narrative, analytical, and descriptive discussion. The findings show that: (1) Islam upholds gender equality between men and women based on the principles of merit and piety; (2) Democracy is compatible with Islamic values, especially in the Indonesian context as Dar al-'Ahdi; (3) Islam recognizes religious pluralism and promotes inter-religious tolerance based on humanitarian brotherhood; (4) Islam strongly encourages the pursuit of knowledge and sees science as inseparable from Islamic values. Through ijtihad and a multidisciplinary approach, Islam is able to respond contextually to contemporary issues while maintaining the fundamental principles of its teachings.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL MARKETING IN AN EFFORT TO INCOME ZIS FUND RAISING (ZAKAT, INFAQ, AND SHODAQOH)
The digitalization of Islamic philanthropy encourages Zakat, Infaq, and Shodaqoh (ZIS) management institutions to adopt digital marketing to expand reach, increase trust, and facilitate donation transactions. However, the implementation of digital marketing does not only concern the use of social media and payment channels, but also involves issues of sharia compliance, governance, data security, digital literacy, organizational system integration, and technological innovations such as dashboards, gamification, artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain. This research aims to explore how the implementation of digital marketing in an effort to increase ZIS fund collection, its driving and inhibiting factors, and the direction of future development. The method used is qualitative with a literature and case-based thematic synthesis design (qualitative thematic synthesis) on research findings documented in studies on digital ZIS, sharia fintech, digital zakat campaigns, and Islamic philanthropic governance. The analysis yielded four main themes: (1) digital marketing implementation strategies for ZIS collection; (2) the mechanism for establishing trust and sharia compliance; (3) effectiveness and challenges (digital literacy, risk, privacy, IT capacity, and regulation); and (4) superior practices and innovations (dashboards, gamification, personalization, digital influencers/da'wah, AI and blockchain). The results of the synthesis show that the growth of ZIS collection through digital channels is associated with ease of use, usability, quality of systems/information/services, variety of payment methods, and transparency of reporting. On the other hand, the digital literacy and technology readiness gap, data protection issues, and system integration challenges are crucial obstacles. This study emphasizes the importance of a digital marketing implementation model that combines prophetic communication and new media, user experience (UI/UX) design, governance-based management, and ethical and sharia principles-compliant technological innovation.
MULTIMODAL SEMIOTICS OF A TRADITIONAL JAVANESE WEDDING CEREMONY ON TEMU MANTEN
This research was analyzed Multimodal Semiotics analysis of Javanese wedding ceremony which focused on Temu Manten procession. This analysis was focused on the verbal and non-verbal (visual) of Temu Manten procession. It was limited to describe the meaning embodied of each semiotic aspect by using Kress & Van Leeuwen theories. This research aims to analyze and describe : (1) The Multimodal Semiotic elements realized in the Temu Manten procession in a traditional Javanese wedding ceremony (2) The meaning embodied in the Temu Manten procession in a traditional Javanese wedding ceremony. This research was used descriptive qualitative method by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The data source of this research was obtained from one of the wedding ceremony of researcher’s friend, Siti Rukaya and her husband was in Labuhan Batu Utara, Aek Kanopan city, Desa Tarutung Gelugur. Temu Manten procession, a traditional Javanese wedding ceremony has seven processions were semiotic multimodal elements that are realized in it.
THE ROLE OF LAW IN GUARANTEEING FULFILLMENT OF DIGITAL RIGHTS CITIZEN IN INDONESIA
This research aims to examine in depth the role of law in ensuring the fulfillment of citizens' digital rights in Indonesia, in the midst of the rapid development of information technology and national digital transformation. Digital rights including the right to privacy, access to information, data security, freedom of digital expression, and protection from cybercrime-are an essential part of modern human rights. Indonesia's legal framework, through the ITE Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, and various derivative regulations, has provided a legal basis for the protection of digital rights. However, the rapid digital dynamics have created new challenges in terms of law enforcement, people's digital literacy, the readiness of state institutions, and supporting technological capabilities. The study found that although regulations have evolved significantly, digital rights guarantee mechanisms still need to be strengthened, especially in terms of enforcement consistency, regulatory harmonization, and multi-sector collaboration. This research recommends the renewal of the adaptive legal framework, capacity building of law enforcement agencies, and national digital literacy strategies.
SYNERGY OF AUGMENTED REALITY AND DEEP LEARNING IN TRANSFORMING SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' MATHEMATICAL LITERACY
The low mathematical literacy of senior high school students, particularly in modeling and conceptual reasoning, is a major challenge in 21st-century learning. This study aims to transform mathematical literacy through the synergy of Augmented Reality (AR) and deep learning in the topic of Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables (SPLDV). This two-cycle Classroom Action Research (CAR) involved 33 tenth-grade students from SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan. Instruments included mathematical literacy tests, student activity observation sheets, and teacher performance observation sheets. Success was determined by classical mastery ≥75% (individual minimum mastery score of 75), student activity ≥80%, and teacher performance ≥80%. The results showed significant improvement from Cycle I to Cycle II: classical mastery jumped from 48.48% (mean 69.24) to 84.84% (mean 80.54); student activity shifted from predominantly moderate/low criteria to high criteria with no low criteria; teacher performance reached excellent category; and positive student responses increased dramatically from 12.12% to 84.85% in the high category. Theoretical synthesis confirms that AR reduces cognitive load, completes the experiential learning cycle, and fulfills ARCS motivation aspects, thereby optimizing the three pillars of deep learning (meaningful learning, critical thinking, creative problem solving). The synergy of AR and deep learning is proven effective in transforming students' mathematical literacy from procedural memorization toward high-level conceptual reasoning.
REACTUALIZATION OF IBN KHALDUN'S TAXATION THEORY: A FISCAL POLICY PERSPECTIVE IN BUILDING ECONOMIC RESILIENCE DURING A RECESSION
The global economic recession demands the formulation of fiscal policies that are not only oriented towards increasing state revenues, but also towards strengthening economic resilience and sustainable growth. In this context, Ibn Khaldun's classical economic thought offers an alternative conceptual framework that emphasizes fiscal justice, tax moderation, and economic productivity. This study aims to reactualize Ibn Khaldun's taxation theory from a modern fiscal policy perspective and analyze its relevance in building economic resilience during a recession. This study uses a qualitative approach with conceptual analysis and literature study methods, sourced from the book al-Muqaddimah and contemporary fiscal economics literature. The analysis is conducted through a thematic and comparative approach between Ibn Khaldun's taxation concept and modern taxation theory. The results show that Ibn Khaldun's taxation principles, such as moderate tax rates, expanding the tax base, and strengthening fiscal legitimacy and compliance, are highly relevant in designing countercyclical fiscal policies. This reactualization of thinking provides a conceptual contribution to the development of fairer, more productive, and more sustainable fiscal policies in the face of economic crises.
ANALYSIS OF SANCTIONS AGAINST ACTS OF PLAGIARISM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM LAW
This study examines sanctions against acts of plagiarism from the perspective of the National Education System in Indonesia. Plagiarism is defined as the act of taking another person’s ideas, concepts, or works without properly acknowledging the source and claiming them as one’s own, which essentially constitutes a violation of academic integrity and intellectual property rights. In the digital era, the ease of access to information increases the potential for plagiarism, particularly within higher education institutions. This research employs a normative juridical method by reviewing various laws and regulations, including Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, Minister of National Education Regulation Number 17 of 2010, and Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Regulation Number 39 of 2021. The results indicate that sanctions against plagiarism are regulated comprehensively and progressively, ranging from minor administrative sanctions to dismissal and revocation of academic degrees. The latest regulation emphasizes a stricter approach through the principle of aggravated sanctions for repeated violations. Therefore, the enforcement of plagiarism sanctions serves as an important instrument in maintaining the quality, credibility, and integrity of the national education system.
THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LEARNING ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS
The development of digital technology has triggered substantial transformations in the field of education, including in the teaching of Islamic Religious Education (IRE). IRE teaching at the junior high school level is expected not only to convey religious content cognitively, but also to effectively foster moral values and character in students. This article aims to examine the application of digital technology as a strategy to improve the quality of Islamic Religious Education teaching at the junior high school level. The research method applied is library research through analysis of various previous research findings, books, and related scientific articles. The findings indicate that the use of digital technology through interactive learning media, e-learning platforms, educational applications, and educational social media can increase learning motivation, material understanding, active student participation, and the efficiency of PAI teaching. Therefore, the systematic integration of digital technology based on Islamic values can be an effective approach to improving the quality of Islamic Religious Education teaching in junior high schools.
GOVERNANCE OF FATWA RESOLUTIONS ON ISLAMIC BANKING PRODUCTS IN MALAYSIA
The governance of fatwa resolutions constitutes a core element in ensuring Shariah compliance, operational stability, and the credibility of the Islamic banking system in Malaysia. Fatwa resolutions are not merely legal rulings but function as regulatory instruments that bind Islamic banking institutions in terms of product development, contract implementation, and operational practices. This study aims to analyze the governance of fatwa resolutions concerning Islamic banking products in Malaysia, focusing on the role of authoritative institutions, mechanisms of ijtihad, and implementation challenges within the contemporary financial context. A qualitative approach was adopted through document analysis and library research on Shariah resolutions and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that the fatwa governance system led by the Shariah Advisory Council of Bank Negara Malaysia has successfully established uniformity and legal certainty within the Islamic banking industry. However, continuous improvement in the transparency of ijtihad methodology and the application of the maqasid al-shariah approach is required to ensure that fatwa resolutions remain relevant and authoritative.
INNOVATION IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING USING THE STORYTELLING METHOD TO STRENGTHEN CHARACTER IN HISTORY OF ISLAMIC CULTURE (SKI) LEARNING AT MDTA MUHAMMADIYAH 37 MEDAN
This study aims to analyze innovations in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning through the application of storytelling methods in strengthening students' character in Islamic Cultural History (SKI) learning at MDTA Muhammadiyah 37 Medan. The background of this study is based on the low internalization of character values in SKI learning which has tended to be textual and teacher-centered. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-exploratory method. The research subjects included PAI/SKI teachers and students, with data collection techniques in the form of direct observation of learning, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the application of the storytelling method can create a more lively, contextual, and meaningful learning atmosphere. Through stories of Islamic figures and historical events conveyed narratively, students showed an increased understanding of character values such as religiosity, honesty, responsibility, discipline, and exemplary behavior. In addition, this method also contributed to increased active participation, imagination, and emotional involvement of students in the learning process. This study concludes that the storytelling method is an effective learning innovation in SKI learning to strengthen the character of students at the MDTA level, and is relevant to be developed as a pedagogical strategy in Islamic Religious Education learning oriented towards character building.
RESILIENCE AND INNOVATION IN ISLAMIC THOUGHT: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ISLAMIC STUDIES RESPONSE TO DIGITAL GLOBAL CHALLENGES
This paper examines resilience and innovation through an Islamic interdisciplinary framework in responding to global challenges in the post-digital age. While dominant discourses often frame resilience and innovation in technological or economic terms, this study argues that Islamic intellectual traditions provide a holistic and ethically grounded paradigm for adaptive resilience and responsible innovation. Employing qualitative textual analysis of classical Islamic sources and contemporary scholarly works, the paper conceptualises key notions such as tawhid, maqasid al-shari‘ah, ijtihad, and maslahah as dynamic mechanisms of intellectual adaptability and societal resilience. The findings indicate that Islamic studies offer critical insights for guiding innovation towards moral accountability, social justice, and human well-being in the post-digital condition. The paper contributes theoretically by reconceptualising resilience and innovation through an Islamic epistemological lens, positioning Islamic studies as a foundational framework rather than a supplementary ethical discourse in post-digital innovation debates.
INNOVATING ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN THE POST-DIGITAL ERA: RESILIENCE, DIGITAL LEARNING, AND VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
In the post-digital era, Islamic education encounters global challenges that demand resilience, innovation, and value-based transformation. As digital technologies become embedded within educational systems, Islamic educational management is required to respond adaptively without compromising its ethical and spiritual foundations. This conceptual paper examines how resilience in Islamic educational institutions can be strengthened through the integration of digital learning and value-based leadership. Drawing on recent international literature (2020–2024), this study highlights that institutional resilience is not primarily determined by technological capacity, but by leadership commitment to Islamic values such as amanah, integrity, justice, and responsibility. The analysis demonstrates that digital learning, when guided by ethical leadership, can enhance institutional adaptability, sustain educational quality, and preserve the moral purpose of Islamic education. This paper contributes to interdisciplinary discourse by offering a conceptual framework for resilient and innovative Islamic educational management in the post-digital age.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADAPTIVE LEARNING SYSTEM BASED ON GAMIFICATION OF DIGITAL LOCAL HISTORY CONTENT (EXPERT VALIDATION OF R&D METHOD FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS)
The low interest of primary school students in history subjects is often caused by the delivery of material that is static, textual, and lacks relevance to their local identity. This study aims to develop an adaptive learning system based on gamification that integrates digital local history content and to conduct expert validation of the product. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D) using the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The development phase focused on the validation by experts in material, media, and pedagogy using questionnaire instruments analyzed through the Content Validity Index (CVI). The results indicated that the developed learning system possesses a very high level of validity, with an average I-CVI score above 0.80 across all assessment dimensions.1 The main findings show that content personalization and gamification elements, such as points, badges, and leaderboards, are effective in increasing student engagement.3 The study concludes that the validated adaptive learning system is feasible for implementation to transform local history education into an interactive and meaningful learning experience for primary school students.
INTEGRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FIQH MATERIAL THROUGH THE UTILIZATION OF MUDGROUPS CULTIVATION AS A LEARNING RESOURCE FOR ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AT SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 04 MEDAN
This study aims to analyze the integration of environmental fiqh material through the use of mangrove crab cultivation as a learning resource for Islamic Religious Education at SMA Muhammadiyah 04 Medan. The background of this study departs from the need for contextual, applicable, and responsive Islamic Religious Education learning to address ecological crisis issues. Environmental fiqh as a development of contemporary fiqh studies contains the principles of hifz al-bi'ah (environmental preservation), the responsibilities of the caliph, and the ethics of sustainable use of natural resources. However, its implementation in schools is still predominantly theoretical and does not touch the realities of students' lives. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were obtained through observation of learning activities, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of teaching materials. The results show that the integration of mangrove crab cultivation as a learning resource can strengthen the understanding of environmental fiqh concepts through direct experience. Students not only understand the laws related to coastal ecosystem preservation, but also internalize the values of ecological responsibility, cooperation, and production ethics from an Islamic perspective. Learning becomes more meaningful because it connects normative arguments with environmentally friendly cultivation practices. These findings confirm that utilizing local potential as a socio-religious laboratory can enhance the relevance of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning while fostering ecological awareness based on Islamic values. This integration contributes to strengthening character education and fostering sustainable religious-ecological attitudes in students.
INTEGRATION OF ISLAMIC VALUES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH STORYTELLING: STRATEGIES AND IMPACTS ON STUDENTS’ CHARACTER FORMATION (AGES 7–10)
For both language development and moral foundation, the formative years of 7–10 are crucial. This study investigates the effectiveness of using storytelling to incorporate Islamic beliefs into English language learning (ELL). The study investigates how student involvement and character characteristics like honesty, empathy, and reverence are impacted by prophetic narratives and moral parables translated into English using a qualitative action research approach in an Integrated Islamic Elementary School setting. Teacher interviews, student reflective journals, and classroom ethnography were used to gather data. The results show that storytelling acts as a “moral bridge,” enabling pupils to learn English vocabulary and grammar while also internalizing Islamic Akhlak. According to the study’s findings, storytelling helps young students develop a comprehensive “Global Muslim” identity from an early age by reducing the “cultural gap” that is frequently present in Western-centric ESL materials. Keywords: ESL pedagogy, Islamic values, character development, young learners, and storytelling.
Economic Global Crisis in Perspectives of Islam
The global economic crisis is a recurring phenomenon that impacts financial and social stability. This study analyzes the crisis from an Islamic perspective, critiquing conventional systems rooted in riba (usury) and speculation. By using qualitative methods and literature analysis of figures like Ibn Khaldun and Chapra, the findings suggest that Islam offers a holistic framework based on justice (al-'adl) and balance (al-tawazun). Islamic principles such as zakat and asset-based financing serve as alternatives to prevent systemic failure. The study concludes that applying these principles can mitigate future global economic challenges.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RECOVERY OF CHILDREN FROM BROKEN HOME FAMILIES
The phenomenon of broken home families often triggers negative psychological impacts on children, including anxiety, low self-esteem, and maladaptive behavior. From an Islamic perspective, the family is the first educational institution that shapes a child's spirituality and character. Therefore, Islamic Guidance and Counseling (BKI) is proposed as a holistic and strategic intervention for recovery, with a focus on the spiritual dimension as the core of healing. The implementation of BKI aims to restore the child's spiritual balance (fitrah) by establishing tauhid (monotheism) as the main foundation. This counseling seeks to change irrational thoughts such as self-blame into the conviction that every difficulty surely contains ease (based on Q.S. Al-Insyirah: 5-6). The BKI counselor's role is highly important as an educator of the soul and a spiritual guide, who uses Islamic methods such as Religious Counseling and the Modelling technique to direct positive behavior and encourage the practice of worship, dhikr (remembrance of Allah), and prayer as a source of peace. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data searching was conducted through a reliable database, namely Google Scholar. The research results show that BKI intervention has a positive effectiveness. This service helps children from broken home families to regain their enthusiasm for learning, self-confidence, and better adjustment capabilities, empowering them to become independent and responsible individuals with high self-worth in the presence of their Creator.
WISDOM, INTELLECT AND REVELATION: ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY AND HUMAN RESILIENCE IN THE POST-DIGITAL WORLD
The post-digital world is categorized by the interweaving of digital know-how in almost all aspects of human life including idea, value development and ethical decision. This experience has shaped new challenges to human flexibility particularly in terms of significance, ethics and the purpose of continuation. In this framework this document argues that Islamic beliefs based on the amalgamation of wisdom, reason (‘aql) and revelation (wahy) which provides a inclusive structure for building human toughness in facing post-digital challenges (al-attas, 1995; osman bakar, 2014). This study uses a qualitative-conceptual approach through the analysis of texts by classical and contemporary Islamic philosophers. The findings indicate that Islamic philosophy defines resilience not merely as technical adaptability but as moral firmness, intellectual balance and continuous spiritual awareness (Al-Ghazali, 2004; Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud, 2011). This paper concludes that the revival of Islamic philosophy is essential to guide technological innovation in alignment with human dignity and universal well-being.
THE IMPACT OF FATHERLESSNESS ON ADOLESCENTS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF GIRLS
The absence of a father figure, known as fatherlessness, is a phenomenon that is increasingly common in modern society. Fatherlessness does not only mean that a child has lost their father due to death, but also due to divorce, busyness, or emotional absence. The loss of a father figure has a major impact on a child's growth and development, especially during adolescence. Girls are the most vulnerable group because their emotional relationship with their father plays an important role in shaping their personality, self-confidence, and future views of men. This study aims to identify the impact of fatherlessness on adolescents in general and analyze its influence on the emotional development of girls. The research method used a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach through a survey of 100 female adolescents aged 13–25 years in Medan City and in-depth interviews with psychologists. The analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics to measure the level of self-confidence and emotional stability. The results of the study show a correlation between fatherlessness and a decline in emotional balance, including social isolation in 40% of respondents and difficulty in building healthy relationships. Family support and psychological intervention are needed to maintain the emotional balance of adolescent girls.
EXPLORING SUBSCRIPTION-BASED BUSINESS MODELS IN ISLAMIC DIGITAL SERVICES: PROFITABILITY AND CUSTOMER RETENTION
The development of Islamic digital services has encouraged various innovations in business models, one of which is the subscription-based business model. This model is considered capable of providing more stable revenue while also fostering long-term relationships with customers. However, in the context of Islamic business, profit sustainability is not solely measured by financial gains, but also by compliance with Sharia principles, justice, and social welfare (maslahah). This study aims to explore the implementation of subscription-based business models in Islamic digital services and to analyze their influence on profitability and customer retention. The study employs a qualitative approach using a case study method involving several Islamic digital service providers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, platform observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that the subscription model contributes to cash flow stability and enhances customer loyalty through value-driven content, continuous service delivery, and ethical communication. The main challenges include maintaining Sharia compliance in payment systems and sustaining service quality. This study contributes to the development of sustainable and ethical Islamic digital business models.
DEVELOPMENTS IN ISLAMIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW OF CURRENT SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE
Perkembangan manajemen investasi syariah telah menunjukkan kemajuan yang cukup besar seiring dengan meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan penerapan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi Islam dan kebutuhan akan sistem keuangan yang menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai etika dan keberlangsungan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk secara sistematis meneliti perkembangan konsep, praktik, dan tren dalam manajemen investasi syariah dengan Merujuk pada literatur ilmiah terkini. Metode yang digunakan adalah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis (SLR) melalui pencarian artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional terkemuka yang relevan dengan topik investasi Syariah dan diterbitkan dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Tahapan pemilihan literatur meliputi identifikasi, penyaringan, penilaian kelayakan, dan penentuan artikel yang sesuai berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen investasi Islam terus berkembang, khususnya dalam hal inovasi instrumen investasi, implementasi tata kelola yang baik, manajemen risiko, dan pemanfaatan teknologi keuangan berbasis Syariah. Selain itu, terdapat pergeseran orientasi dari sekedar memenuhi syariah menuju penguatan nilai-nilai keinginan dan pendekatan investasi berbasis nilai. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi para akademisi pengembangan studi ekonomi dan keuangan Islam, serta berfungsi sebagai referensi bagi para praktisi dan pembuat kebijakan dalam merumuskan strategi untuk pengembangan manajemen investasi Islam di masa mendatang.
THE EFFEVTIVENESS OF TIKTOK MARKETING AMONG YOUNG MUSLIM CONSUMERS: CHALLENGES IN RELIGIOUS PRODUCT PROMOTION
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of TikTok marketing in promoting religious products to young Muslim consumers. TikTok, as a short-video platform, offers high interactivity, making it a potential medium for digital marketing. Promoting religious products requires special attention to Islamic values and ethics.The research employs a quantitative descriptive correlational approach. Data were collected via an online questionnaire from 150 respondents aged 17–30 who actively use TikTok. Independent variables include creative content, influencer credibility, and Islamic values & ethics; the dependent variable is promotion effectiveness, measured through purchase intention, engagement, and consumer trust. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results show a positive and significant relationship between TikTok marketing and promotion effectiveness (r = 0.63; p < 0.05). Marketing strategies are most effective when creative content is presented while maintaining Islamic ethical principles.
The Effect of Digital Financial Inclusion On Microenterprise Performance
Abstract: This study examines the effect of digital financial inclusion on microenterprise performance. Microenterprises play a crucial role in economic development but often face constraints related to limited financial access and inefficient financial management. This study employs a quantitative approach using primary data collected from microenterprise owners who utilize digital financial services. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to assess the relationship between digital financial inclusion and microenterprise performance. Digital financial inclusion is measured through indicators such as the use of digital payment systems, mobile banking, and fintech-based financial services, while microenterprise performance is assessed based on sales growth, profit growth, and business sustainability. The results indicate that digital financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on microenterprise performance. Increased utilization of digital financial services improves operational efficiency, enhances cash flow management, and supports better business decision-making. The findings suggest that digital financial inclusion is an important driver of microenterprise performance in the digital economy. This study concludes that strengthening digital financial inclusion, accompanied by improved financial and digital literacy, can contribute to the sustainable development of microenterprises. These findings provide valuable implications for policymakers and financial institutions in designing inclusive digital financial strategies. Keywords: Digital Financial Inclusion,Microenterprise Performance,Digital Payments,Intech, Financial Inclusion
Islamic Banking Reform and Its Microeconomic Implications in Indonesia
This study investigates the microeconomic implications of Islamic banking reforms in Indonesia, examining how regulatory changes and institutional developments affect individual consumers, small businesses, and household financial behavior. Employing a library research methodology, this research systematically reviews and analyzes scholarly books, textbooks, and reference works on Islamic economics, banking reforms, and microeconomic theory. Primary sources include authoritative texts on Islamic finance principles, Indonesian banking system development, and microeconomic analysis frameworks. Content analysis was utilized to synthesize theoretical perspectives and empirical insights from the literature. The findings reveal that Islamic banking reforms significantly influence microeconomic outcomes through enhanced financial accessibility, alternative financing mechanisms for MSMEs, and shifts in savings behavior aligned with religious values. Four major themes emerged: increased financial inclusion among previously unbanked Muslim populations, adoption of profit-sharing arrangements fostering entrepreneurial risk-taking, behavioral changes in consumption patterns due to Shariah-compliant financing, and challenges in financial literacy limiting reform benefits. Participants reported greater confidence in formal financial systems but expressed concerns about product complexity and limited branch accessibility in rural areas. This research concludes that Islamic banking reforms generate positive microeconomic effects but require complementary initiatives in financial education and infrastructure development to maximize socioeconomic benefits across diverse Indonesian communities
Understanding Youth Engagement with Digital Sadaqah Platforms: Generational Perspectives
This study explores youth engagement with digital sadaqah platforms by examining generational perspectives that shape charitable behavior in the digital era. The purpose of this manuscript is to understand the factors influencing young Muslims’ adoption and sustained use of digital sadaqah platforms, including motivations, preferences, and perceived challenges. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a quantitative survey of youth users with qualitative focus group discussions to capture generational insights. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural regression analysis, while qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis. The results indicate that convenience, transparency, social media integration, and real-time impact reporting are key drivers of youth engagement with digital sadaqah platforms. Conversely, concerns related to platform credibility, data privacy, and limited emotional connection to beneficiaries act as barriers. The findings also reveal generational differences, where younger users demonstrate a stronger preference for mobilebased, interactive, and socially driven giving experiences. The study concludes that digital sadaqah platforms must adopt youth-centered design, enhance trust mechanisms, and leverage digital storytelling to strengthen long-term engagement. These findings provide valuable implications for Islamic social finance institutions, platform developers, and policymakers in promoting inclusive, transparent, and sustainable digital philanthropy among younger generations.
DEVELOPMENT OF HEUTAGOGY-BASED INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM (SPMI) IMPLEMENTATION ASSISTANCE MODEL FOR ENHANCEMENT OF QUALITY COMMITMENT IN INDONESIA
The aims of this study were to: (1) determine the characteristics of the Heutagogy-Based SPMI Implementation Assistance model; (2) find out the feasibility of the heutagogy-based SPMI implementation assistance model; (3) to find out the effectiveness of the heutagogy-based SPMI implementation assistance model for increasing the quality commitment of PTS leaders in North Sumatra.This research is a development research using the ADDIE model. It was carried out in all PTS that had not been accredited in Indonesia. The population subjects for this study were 82 PTS leaders who had not been accredited, the sample subjects were 30 people. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, documentation, questionnaires and tests. The research instrument and model design were first validated by experts to obtain the feasibility of its use. The trials were carried out 2 (two) times, namely, limited trials (10 respondents), wide trials (30 respondents). The effectiveness of the model obtained a score of 92.86% and the mentoring program was rated an average of 92.43% in the very good category. So it can be concluded that the Heutagogy-Based SPMI Implementation Assistance Model is effective in increasing the quality commitment of PTS leaders in Indonesia especially North Sumatra.
IMPROVING CUSTOMER SERVICE USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CHATBOTS IN ACADEMIC FILE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES
The advancement of information technology in daily life is progressing rapidly, particularly in the transformation of human resource management in customer service. Chatbots serve as a viable option for enhancing customer service, particularly in the administration of academic records within colleges. The study aims to create an artificial intelligence chatbot model using web WhatsApp as a basis, with the goal of enhancing user convenience. The study encompassed 400 student participants who utilized AI chatbots to manage academic documents. The outcome yielded a 45% favourable impact on the satisfaction measure, which indirectly influences customer loyalty by moderating the system quality variable.
COMIC AS A PHYSICS LEARNING MEDIA: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
This study aims to systematically review the literature on using comic as a physics learning media. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) framework was used as a formal systematic review guideline for data collection. Data were obtained from research results during the period 2015-2024. This analysis includes a total of 27 papers from the Scopus database. Our findings show that most comics used as a media for learning physics are in digital form. The physics materials discussed include electricity, parabolic motion, momentum and impulse, force, work and energy, Newton^s laws, global warming, temperature and heat, and optical instruments. Most studies focus on the development of comics, while others focus on the effectiveness and implementation of comics in learning. Using comics as a media for learning physics can improve mathematical representation, vector representation, verbal representation, critical thinking skills, creative thinking skills, conceptual understanding, motivation, scientific attitudes, character, and cognitive achievement. Comics can also map cooperative attitudes, process skills, and motivation and train conceptual understanding.
UNIFIED GLOBAL HIJRI CALENDAR (KHGT) FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF MAQĀSID AL-SHARI ‘AH AND ASTRONOMY: A SOLUTION FOR UNIFYING THE TIMING OF ACTS OF WORSHIP AND SOCIAL TRANSACTIONS FOR THE MUSLIM UMMAH
The Hijri calendar holds a significant place in the lives of Muslims, serving as the basis for determining the timing of various acts of worship, such as Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and themWuquf (standing) at Arafat. However, differences in methods, crescent moon visibility criteria, the concept of matla‘(local sighting horizons), and the authority to determine the start of the month have prevented the realization of a universally applicable Hijri calendar. This situation has spurred the proposal of a Unified Global Hijri Calendar (KHGT) as an effort to establish a calendar system that is uniform, predictive, and globally usable. This study aims to analyze the KHGT from the perspectives of maqāṣid al-syari‘ah (the objectives of Islamic law) and astronomy, specifically examining its scientific basis, the public interest (maṣlaḥah) it serves, and the challenges and prospects of its implementation as an instrument to unify the timing of worship and social affairs (mu‘āmalāt) among Muslims. The study employs a qualitative approach using library research methods. Data were analyzed through a descriptive-analytical review of Islamic sources, literature on maqāṣid al-syari‘ah, ‘ilm al-falak (traditional Islamic astronomy) and modern astronomy, as well as documents and literature related to KHGT development. The results indicate that the KHGT possesses an astronomical foundation enabling the creation of an accurate and predictive calendar through calculations of ijtimā‘ (conjunction), the positions of the Moon and Sun, and crescent visibility criteria. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-syari‘ah, the KHGT offers benefits such as certainty regarding the timing of worship, social order, a reduction in potential conflicts arising from date discrepancies, and the strengthening of Muslim brotherhood and unity. Nevertheless, its implementation still faces challenges regarding fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), astronomy, institutional authority, the International Date Line, and social acceptance. Therefore, the adoption of the KHGT requires the integration of ‘ilm al-falak, modern astronomy, fiqh, public policy, and dialogue among stakeholders to establish a global calendar system that is accurate, legitimate, and oriented toward the well-being of the Muslim community.