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Hubungan Infeksi Cacing Soil Transmitted Helminth dengan Kejadian Alergi: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis
Abstract
Alergi adalah gangguan inflamasi yang umumnya disebabkan respon imun yang tidak tepat terhadap alergen lingkungan. Respon imun tubuh terhadap penyakit alergi mirip dengan respon tubuh host terhadap infeksi cacing. Tinjauan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan infeksi soil transmitted helminth dengan kejadian alergi. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database elektronik Pubmed dan Proques menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Literatur terpilih dinilai kelayakannya menggunakan kuesioner The Joanna Broggs Institute (JBI checklist) yang disesuiakan dengan desain masing-masing literatur. Sebanyak 13 studi dimasukkan ke dalam tinjauan sistematis. Terdapat 7 artikel yang menjelaskan adanya hubungan negatif dimana infeksi soil transmitted helminth dapat memproteksi terhadap penyakit alergi. Terdapat 3 studi menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif antara dua variable tersebut atau infeksi soil transmitted helminth tidak bersifat proteksi terhadap penyakit alergi. Namun, terdapat 3 artikel yang menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara infeksi soil transmitted helminth dengan kejadian alergi. Berdasarkan literatur yang didapatkan terdapat hasil yang bervariasi terkait dengan hubungan infeksi soil transmitted helminth dengan kejadian alergi, sebagian besar menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor.
Kata kunci: infeksi soil transmitted helminth, alergi
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/amj.v7i3.19000
DOI (PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)): https://doi.org/10.30596/amj.v7i3.19000.g12039
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