Pengaruh Olahraga Terhadap Penderita Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Sebuah Systematic Literatur Review
Abstract
Abstrak :Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) adalah gangguan endokrin yang umum terjadi pada wanita usia reproduktif dan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama infertilitas. PCOS ditandai dengan ketidakteraturan siklus menstruasi, peningkatan kadar androgen, serta gangguan metabolik yang sering berhubungan dengan resistensi insulin. Olahraga terbukti memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin, mengatur keseimbangan hormon, serta memperbaiki metabolisme pada penderita PCOS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan menganalisis pengaruh olahraga terhadap penderita PCOS, khususnya dalam hal keseimbangan hormonal, sensitivitas insulin, dan kesuburan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sistematic literature review (SLR) dengan mengumpulkan artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal internasional terindeks Scopus Q1 selama lima tahun terakhir (2019-2024). Sebanyak 10 referensi yang relevan dipilih untuk dianalisis. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa olahraga, baik aerobik maupun latihan kekuatan, dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin, menurunkan kadar androgen, dan memperbaiki keseimbangan hormon, yang semuanya berkontribusi pada pengelolaan gejala PCOS. Selain itu, olahraga teratur juga berpengaruh positif terhadap fertilitas dengan meningkatkan frekuensi ovulasi dan peluang kehamilan, terutama bila diikuti dengan penurunan berat badan. Jenis olahraga yang disarankan untuk wanita dengan PCOS adalah latihan aerobik dan kekuatan dengan intensitas moderat. Berdasarkan temuan ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa olahraga memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan dalam pengelolaan PCOS, baik untuk masalah metabolik maupun kesuburan, dan harus menjadi bagian dari pengelolaan klinis PCOS.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ding H, Zhang J, Zhang F, et al. Resistance to the Insulin and Elevated Level of Androgen: A Major Cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021;12. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.741764
Zeng LH, Rana S, Hussain L, et al. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Disorder of Reproductive Age, Its Pathogenesis, and a Discussion on the Emerging Role of Herbal Remedies. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.874914
Rababa’h AM, Matani BR, Yehya A. An update of polycystic ovary syndrome: causes and therapeutics options. Heliyon. 2022;8(10):e11010. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11010
Sadeghi HM, Adeli I, Calina D, et al. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Management, and Drug Repurposing. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2). doi:10.3390/ijms23020583
Ali AT, Al-Ani O, Al-Ani F, Guidozzi F. Polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic disorders: A review of the literature. Afr J Reprod Health. 2022;26(8):89-99. doi:10.29063/ajrh2022/v26i8.9
Hussein RS, Dayel S Bin, Abahussein O. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Reproductive Health: A Comprehensive Review. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2024;51(12). doi:10.31083/j.ceog5112269
Spritzer PM, Marchesan LB, Santos BR, Fighera TM. Hirsutism, Normal Androgens and Diagnosis of PCOS. Diagnostics. 2022;12(8):1-12. doi:10.3390/diagnostics12081922
Bai H, Ding H, Wang M. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2024;51(5). doi:10.31083/j.ceog5105126
Xu Y, Qiao J. Association of Insulin Resistance and Elevated Androgen Levels with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A Review of Literature. J Healthc Eng. 2022;2022. doi:10.1155/2022/9240569
Chang KJ, Chen JH, Chen KH. The Pathophysiological Mechanism and Clinical Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Molecular and Cellular Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(16). doi:10.3390/ijms25169037
Hajam YA, Rather HA, Neelam, Kumar R, Basheer M, Reshi MS. A review on critical appraisal and pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Endocr Metab Sci. 2024;14(January):100162. doi:10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100162
Bulsara J, Patel P, Soni A, Acharya S. A review: Brief insight into Polycystic Ovarian syndrome. Endocr Metab Sci. 2021;3. doi:10.1016/j.endmts.2021.100085
Cunha A, Póvoa AM. Infertility management in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a review. Porto Biomed J. 2021;6(1):e116. doi:10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000116
Hoeger KM, Dokras A, Piltonen T. Update on PCOS: Consequences, Challenges, and Guiding Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(3):E1071-E1083. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa839
Szczuko M, Kikut J, Szczuko U, et al. Nutrition strategy and life style in polycystic ovary syndrome—narrative review. Nutrients. 2021;13(7). doi:10.3390/nu13072452
Sabag A, Patten RK, Moreno-Asso A, et al. Exercise in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: A position statement from Exercise and Sports Science Australia. J Sci Med Sport. 2024;27(10):668-677. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.05.015
Lőrincz CE, Börzsei D, Hoffmann A, Varga C, Szabó R. Mechanisms and Target Parameters in Relation to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Physical Exercise: Focus on the Master Triad of Hormonal Changes, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. Biomedicines. 2024;12(3). doi:10.3390/biomedicines12030560
Hafizi Moori M, Nosratabadi S, Yazdi N, Kasraei R, Abbasi Senjedary Z, Hatami R. The Effect of Exercise on Inflammatory Markers in PCOS Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Int J Clin Pract. 2023;2023. doi:10.1155/2023/3924018
Gitsi E, Livadas S, Argyrakopoulou G. Nutritional and exercise interventions to improve conception in women suffering from obesity and distinct nosological entities. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15(June):1-13. doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1426542
Aryani R, Soraya Nur Intan Y, Kesuma Dinanti F. Efficacy of Lifestyle Modification in Pcos Patients with Obesity. Asian J Heal Sci. 2023;2(4):192-197. doi:10.58631/ajhs.v2i4.43
Jurczewska J, Ostrowska J, Chełchowska M, et al. Physical Activity, Rather Than Diet, Is Linked to Lower Insulin Resistance in PCOS Women—A Case-Control Study. Nutrients. 2023;15(9):1-16. doi:10.3390/nu15092111
Unluhizarci K, Karaca Z, Kelestimur F. Role of insulin and insulin resistance in androgen excess disorders. World J Diabetes. 2021;12(5):616-629. doi:10.4239/wjd.v12.i5.616
Nasiri M, Monazzami A, Alavimilani S, Asemi Z. The Effect of High Intensity Intermittent and Combined (Resistant and Endurance) Trainings on Some Anthropometric Indices and Aerobic Performance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2022;16(4):268-274. doi:10.22074/IJFS.2022.551096.1279
Ramanjaneya M, Abdalhakam I, Bettahi I, et al. Effect of Moderate Aerobic Exercise on Complement Activation Pathways in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;12(February):1-11. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.740703
Cowan S, Lim S, Alycia C, et al. Lifestyle management in polycystic ovary syndrome – beyond diet and physical activity. BMC Endocr Disord. 2023;23(1):1-33. doi:10.1186/s12902-022-01208-y
Mennitti C, Farina G, Imperatore A, et al. How Does Physical Activity Modulate Hormone Responses? Biomolecules. 2024;14(11):1-27. doi:10.3390/biom14111418
Butt MS, Saleem J, Zakar R, Aiman S, Khan MZ, Fischer F. Benefits of physical activity on reproductive health functions among polycystic ovarian syndrome women: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2023;23(1):1-9. doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15730-8
Benham JL, Booth JE, Corenblum B, et al. Exercise training and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2021;95(2):332-343. doi:10.1111/cen.14452
Mussawar M, Balsom AA, Totosy de Zepetnek JO, Gordon JL. The effect of physical activity on fertility: a mini-review. F S Reports. 2023;4(2):150-158. doi:10.1016/j.xfre.2023.04.005
Barber TM, Franks S. Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2021;95(4):531-541. doi:10.1111/cen.14421
Alemany M. The Roles of Androgens in Humans: Biology, Metabolic Regulation and Health. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(19). doi:10.3390/ijms231911952
Stańczak NA, Grywalska E, Dudzińska E. The latest reports and treatment methods on polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann Med. 2024;56(1). doi:10.1080/07853890.2024.2357737
Barooah R. Better Sight and Clarity of Vision through Yoga. Ayuhom. Published online 2022:7-8. doi:10.4103/AYUHOM.AYUHOM
Wright PJ, Corbett CF, Pinto BM, Dawson RM, Wirth M. Resistance Training as Therapeutic Management in Women with PCOS: What is the Evidence? Int J Exerc Sci. 2021;14(3):840-854.
Singh B, Koneru YC, Zimmerman H, et al. A step in the right direction: exploring the effects of aerobic exercise on HbA1c reduction. Egypt J Intern Med. 2023;35(1):4-9. doi:10.1186/s43162-023-00247-8
Jamka M, Makarewicz-Bukowska A, Bokayeva K, et al. Comparison of the Effect of Endurance, Strength and Endurance-Strength Training on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis and the Lipid Profile of Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis †. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(22). doi:10.3390/ijerph192214928
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jph.v6i2.22993
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.30596/jph.v6i2.22993.g12554
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Alamat Pengelola: Gedung Kampus 1 Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU) Lantai II, Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Terapi Fakultas Kedokteran UMSU Jalan Gedung Arca No. 53 Medan Sumatera Utara Indonesia, Kode Pos 20217.
Kontak (WA): 0812-6208-2844
E-mail: jurnalpanduhusada@umsu.ac.id