Study on the Effect of NAA Concentration and Application Frequency on Shoot Growth of Porang Tuber Cuttings (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)

Yun Fita Mora, Nini Rahmawati, Luthfi A M Siregar

Abstract


Increasing industrial demand for porang requires efficient propagation strategies, such as tuber cuttings combined with NAA application to enhance shoot and root development. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NAA concentration and application frequency on the growth of porang tuber cuttings. The experiment was conducted from July to December 2024 in Pagar Merbau III Village, Lubuk Pakam District, and at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, using a two-factor Randomized Block Design with three replications. The treatments consisted of four levels of NAA concentration (0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) and two application frequencies (single application at the beginning of the nursery stage and repeated application at the beginning of the nursery stage and 7 days after sowing). Observed variables included shoot emergence percentage, plant growth, biomass, tuber weight, chlorophyll content, and stomatal density. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of NAA at 100 ppm significantly enhanced shoot growth, plant height, fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content, and stomatal characteristics. A single application at the early nursery stage produced optimal results in plant height, tuber weight, and chlorophyll content, while repeated application increased the number of shoots, vegetative growth, and biomass accumulation. The interaction between 100 ppm NAA and early application resulted in the best performance in leaf number at 3 weeks after planting and tuber weight.

Keywords


Concentration, frequency, NAA, porang.

References


Adawiah, A., Rosniawaty, S., dan Anjarsari, I. (2023). Respons peningkatan perkecambahan benih dan pertumbuhan bibit tanaman secang (Caesalpinia sappan l.) terhadap penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh dan media tanam yang berbeda. Agrikultura, 34(1): 66. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v34i1.42875

Alfiansyah, Sukemi IS dan Khoir M.A. (2015). Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Auksin dengan berbagai konsentrasi pada bibit karet (Havea brasilliensis Muell Arg) Stum Mata Tidur Klon PB 260. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau. 2(1), 1-10.

Anturida, Z., dan Azrianingsih, R. (2015). Pengaruh jarak tanam terhadap pertumbuhan porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) pada fase pertumbuhan kedua. Jurnal Biotropika, 3(3):132-136.

Asra, R., R. A. Samarlina, dan M. Silalahi. (2020). Plant Hormone. UKI Press. Jakarta

Astutik, A., Sumiati, A., & Sutoyo, S. (2021). Stimulasi Pertumbuhan Dendrobium sp Menggunakan Hormon Auksin Naphtalena Acetic Acid (NAA) dan Indole Butyric Acid (IBA). Jurnal Buana Sains, 21(1), 19-28.

Duan, W., Zhang, H., Wang, Q. (2023). Regulation of root development in nitrogen-susceptible and nitrogen-tolerant sweet potato cultivars under different nitrogen and soil moisture conditions. BMC Plant Biol 23, 454 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04461-y

Erliandi., R.R. Lahay dan T. Simanungkalit. (2015). Pengaruh Kompos Media Tanaman dan Lama Perendaman Auksin pada Bibit Tebu Teknik Budidaya Chip. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi USU. 3(1): 378-389.

Frasiandini, I., Puspawati, R. P., dan Indah, N. K. (2012). Struktur morfologi dan anatomi Syringodium isoetifolium di Pantai Kondang Merak Malang. Lentera Bio Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 1(2), 67-74.

Fitriani, H. (2008). Kajian Konsentrasi BAP dan NAA terhadap Multiplikasi Tanaman Artemisia annuaL. secara In Vitro.Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS. Surakarta.

Ganjari, L. E. 2014. Pembibitan Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) dengan model agroekosistem Botol Plastik. Jurnal ilmiah Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Madiun, 01: 43-58.

Guo, Hua., D. Guang, X. Wub and X. Xiong Wang. 2018. Enhanced growth and fatty acid accumulation of microalgae Scenedesmus sp. LX1 by two types of auxin. Bioresource Technology 247: 561-567.

Gusmalawati, D. 2021. Evaluasi Kualitas Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Selama Periode Dormansi Hingga Muncul Tunas Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi, Anatomi, Fisiologi Dan Biokimia, Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Brawijaya).

Harjanti, RA., Tohari, SNH Utami. 2014. Pengaruh Takaran Pupuk Nitrogen dan Silika Terhadap Pertumbuhan Awal Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) Pada Inceptisol. Vegetalika. 3(2): 35-44.

Hidayat, R. 2020. Study of growth and yield of several sources of Indonesia Konjac (Amorphophallus) seeding by CPPU treatment., Conference Paper Seminar Nasional Magister Agroteknologi. Fakultas Pertanian UPN Veteran. Jawa Timur,132-138.

Ikayanti, F., Radian, dan Rianto, F. 2021. Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Porang Periode Pertanaman pada Tanah Gambut Dengan Pemberian Pupuk NPK. Jurnal Pertanian Agros, 23(2), 319-326.

Karyanti. (2017). Pengaruh Beberapa Jenis Sitokinin Pada Multiplikasi Tunas Anggrek Vanda Douglas Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia, 4 (1): 36-43

Khusni, M. 2023. Pengaruh waktu pemberian dan konsentrasi hormon NAA (napthalene acetic acid) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil stroberi (Fragaria ananassa duch) untuk mendukung pengembangan agrowisata di desa pancasari, bali. Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi - Plumula, 11(2), 93-111.

Kumar, A., Prakash, S., Pandey, V., Prakash, O., Meena, N. K., Kumar, R., ... & Shukla, K. K. (2023). Biosynthesis, mechanism and potential application of hormones for mitigating stress, conserving bioactive constituents in fruits. Int J Plant Soil Sci, 35(19), 1467-80. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193690

Lehar, L., Proklamita, T. L., & Sine, H. M. C. (2024). Efek pemberian pupuk organik cair hasil fermentasi isi rumen terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil caisim (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis). Agriprima: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 8(1), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v4i2.375

Martins, J. P. R., Rodrigues, L. C. A., Santos, E. R., Batista, B. G., Gontijo, A. B. P. L., & Falqueto, A. R. (2018). Anatomy and photosystem II activity of in vitro grown Aechmea blanchetiana as affected by 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. Biologia plantarum, 62(2), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-018-0781-8

Mardhiyetti, M., Syarif, Z., Jamarun, N. dan Suliansyah, I. (2015). Pengaruh BAP (Benzil Adenin Purine) dan NAA (Naphthalena Acetic Acid) Terhadap Eksplan tanaman Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) Dalam Media Multiplikasi in vitro. Pastura. 5(1), 35-38.

Masood, A., N. Iqbal and N. A. Khan. 2012. Role of ethylene in alleviation of cadmium induced photosynthetic capacity inhibition by sulphur in mustard. Plant Cell Environ. 35: 524–533.

Miftah, S., Trihaditia, R., dan Imansyah, A. 2022. Efektivitas streptomycin dan auksin terhadap kecambah bunga gelombang cinta (Anthurium plowmanii) pada kemunculan variegata. Pro-Stek, 4(1), 21.

Nazar, R., Khan, M. I. R., Iqbal, N., Masood, A., and Khan, N. A. 2014. Involvement of ethylene in reversal of salt-inhibited photosynthesis by sulfur in mustard. Physiol. Plant. 152: 331–344.

Nikmah, Z. C., Slamet, W., dan Kristanto, B. A. 2017. Aplikasi silika dan NAA terhadap pertumbuhan Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis l.) pada tahap aklimatisasi. J. Agro Complex, 1(3), 101-110.

Nurdinah, S. 2024. Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Kalium dan Konsentrasi Paklobutrazol Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan produksi ubi jalar (Ipomea batatas L.). Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas, 28(2), 82-91.

Prayana, FA, Djenal, F. and Wardana, R. 2017. In Vitro Micropropagation of Iles-Iles Leaf Stalks (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) with the Addition of PGR BAP and NAA. Agriprima: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 1(2), 95-104.

Permadi, D. B. (2012). Potensi Agroforestri porang dalam menekan pencurian hutan jati dalam Budiadi, Permadi, DP dan Latifah, LP (Ed.) Agroforestri porang, Masa depan hutan Jawa. Indonesian managing higher education for 65 relevance and effeciency (IMHERE). Fakultas Kehutanan UGM. Yogyakarta.

Puspitorini, P. S. (2019). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Jembul dengan Teknologi Tepat Guna Pengolahan Chips porang dalam meningkatkan Daya Saing. International Journal of Community Service Learning, 3(4), 244–251. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijcsl.v3i4.15723

Raoofi, M.M., D, Sima, K. Motahare and P. Omid. 2014. Effect of naphthalene acetic acid in agriculture and the role of increase yield. Intl. J. Agri. Crop Sci. 7(14): 1378-1380.

Satria N., Wardati., dan M.A. Khoiri. 2015. Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Dan Pupuk Npk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccencis). JOM Faperta, 2(1), 1-14.

Setiawan, E. 2017. Efektivitas pemberian IAA, NAA, IBA, dan root-up pada pembibitan kesemek. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 8(2), 97-103.

Suhardjito. 2017. Pengaruh Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Pada Tanaman Singkong (Manihot esculenta) Dengan Metode Single Bud. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Agroteknologi, 18(1), 46-53.

Sulasiah, A., Tumisilar, C., dan Lestari, T., 2015. Pengaruh pemberian jenis dan konsentrasi auksin terhadap induksi perakaran pada tunas Dendrobium sp secara in vitro. Jurnal Bioma, 11(1), 55-56. https://doi.org/10.21009/Bioma11(2).5

Syahputra B.S.A., 2021. Hubungan Luas Daun, Diameter Batang Dan Tinggi Tanaman Padi Karena Perbedaan Waktu Aplikasi Paclobutrazol (PBZ). Jurnal Agrium, 23(2), 88-93. https://doi.org/10.30596/agrium.v21i3.2456

Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I. M., and Murphy, A. 2015. Plant Physiology and Development (6th ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. https://doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780197614204.001.0001

Turhadi dan Indrityani. 2015. Uji Daya Tumbuh Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) dari berbagai Variasi Potongan Biji. Jurnal Biotropical, 3(1), 1-6. https://biotropika.ub.ac.id/index.php/biotropika/article/view/315

Zhang JY, He SB, Li L, Yang HQ. 2014. Auxin inhibits stomatal development through monopteros repression of a mobile peptide gene in mesophyll. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111: E3015–E3023. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1400542111




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/agrium.v29i1.26270

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Agrium: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian indexing: 

 

 

Flag Counter

 

Office:
Gedung Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
(Kampus Utama UMSU)
Jl. Kapten Muchtar Basri No.3, Glugur Darat II,
Kec. Medan Timur, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara - 20238


Email:
agrium@umsu.ac.id