Root Development and Nodulation Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seedling on Post-Tin Mining Soil Enriched with Organic Planting Media

Limartaida Siahaan; Yus Dwi Yanti; Mahmudin Mahmudin; Geby Geby

doi:10.30596/agrium.v29i2.28648

Root Development and Nodulation Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seedling on Post-Tin Mining Soil Enriched with Organic Planting Media

Limartaida Siahaan, Precision Agriculture Study Program, Politeknik Manufaktur Negeri Bangka Belitung, Yus Dwi Yanti, Precision Agriculture Study Program, Politeknik Manufaktur Negeri Bangka Belitung, Mahmudin Mahmudin, Precision Agriculture Study Program, Politeknik Manufaktur Negeri Bangka Belitung, Geby Geby, Precision Agriculture Study Program, Politeknik Manufaktur Negeri Bangka Belitung

Received: 2026-01-27

Accepted: 2026-08-04

Published: 2026-10-29

Abstract

Post-tin mining soils in Bangka Belitung are severely degraded, making them unsuitable for legume cultivation. This is because the root systems of the plants and their symbiotic relationships with root-associated bacteria require a high-quality growing medium. This study investigated how incorporating an organic planting medium influences the growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seedlings in such soils. The organic medium, consisting of compost, tea leaves, topsoil, manure, and biofertilizer, was mixed with post-mining soil in four ratios: P0 (100% mining soil), P1 (85% mining soil: 15% organic medium), P2 (75% mining soil: 25% organic medium), and P3 (60% mining soil: 40% organic medium). Growth parameters measured included shoot and root dry weight, shoot/root dry weight ratio, shoot and root length, shoot/root length ratio, shoot length per shoot biomass, root volume, and number of nodules. Adding organic media significantly affected the shoot/root dry weight ratio and nodule formation. The control treatment (P0) had the highest shoot/root dry weight ratio, although it was not significantly different from P1 and P2. Treatment P3 produced the highest number of nodules, which was significantly greater than that of the control but not significantly different from P1 and P2. These results highlight the potential of organic planting media to rehabilitate post-mining soil and support groundnut growth.

Keywords

Arachis hypogeae L., groundnut, post-tin mining soil, organic planting media, root nodulation.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abbas, A., Naveed, M., Shehzad Khan, K., Ashraf, M., Siddiqui, M. H., Abbas, N., Mustafa, A., & Ali, L. (2024). The Efficacy of Organic Amendments on Maize Productivity, Soil Properties and Active Fractions of Soil Carbon in Organic-Matter Deficient Soil. Spanish Journal of Soil Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/sjss.2024.12814

Amaya-Gómez, C. V., Flórez-Martínez, D. H., Cayuela, M. L., & Tortosa, G. (2025). Compost and Vermicompost Improve Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, Physiology and Yield of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis: A systematic review. Applied Soil Ecology, 210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106051

Azam, G., Wickramarachchi, K., Scanlan, C., & Chen, Y. (2025). Deep and Continuous Root Development in Ameliorated Soil Improves Water and Nutrient Uptakes and Wheat Yield in Water-limited Conditions. Plant and Soil, 512(1–2), 1405–1420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07153-0

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025, October 22). Food Crop Production (Ton), 2015. https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MjMjMg==/produksi.html.

Bekele, G., Dechassa, N., & Tana, T. (2022). Effect of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers on Productivity of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties in East Hararghe, Eastern Ethiopia. Oil Crop Science, 7(3), 112–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocsci.2022.07.002

Cabrerizo, P. M., González, E. M., Aparicio-Tejo, P. M., & Arrese-Igor, C. (2001). Continuous CO2 Enrichment Leads to Increased Nodule Biomass, Carbon Availability to Nodules and Activity of Carbon-Metabolising Enzymes but Does Not Enhance Specific Nitrogen Fixation in Pea. Physiologia Plantarium, 133, 33–40. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1130105.x

Cannell, R. (1980). Methods of Studying Root Systems. Experimental Agriculture, 16, 437–437. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479700012126

Ho, T. T. K., Tra, V. T., Le, T. H., Nguyen, N. K. Q., Tran, C. S., Nguyen, P. T., Vo, T. D. H., Thai, V. N., & Bui, X. T. (2022). Compost to Improve Sustainable Soil Cultivation and Crop Productivity. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2022.100211

Ismail, S. M., Almulhim, N., Sedky, A., El-Cossy, S. A. N., & Mahmoud, E. (2025). Impact of Soil Ameliorants on Soil Chemical Characteristics, Sugar Beet Water Productivity, and Yield Components in Sandy Soils Under Deficit Irrigation. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041513

Lestari, T. A., Apriyadi, R., & Ulfa, D. R. (2020). Utilization of Post-Tin-Mining Land for Mustard Cultivation. Agrotechnology Research Journal, 4(1), 17–21. https://doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v4i1.36021

Lolowang, A. F., Assa, B. H., Makal, H. V. G., & Pioh, D. D. (2022). Incidence of Leaf Spot (Cercospora spp.) on Plant Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) in Kawangkoan District West. Jurnal Agroteknologi Terapan, 3, 238–241. https://doi.org/DOI:10.35791/jat.v3i2.44103

Luo, G., Li, L., Friman, V. P., Guo, J., Guo, S., Shen, Q., & Ling, N. (2018). Organic Amendments Increase Crop Yields by Improving Microbe-Mediated Soil Functioning of Agroecosystems: A meta-analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 124, 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.002

Lynch, J. (1995). Root Architecture and Plant Productivity. Plant Physiol (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.1.7

Manasikana, A., Kuswanto, L., & Kusrinah, K. (2019). Pengaruh Dosis Rhizobium serta Macam Pupuk NPK terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max) Varietas Anjasmoro. Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology, 2(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.21580/ah.v2i1.4647

Mariana, M. (2017). Pengaruh Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Batang Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth). Agrica Ekstensia, 11, 1–8.

Muryati, S., Rahmatia, C., Mansur, I., & Budi, W. (2022). Effect of Compost Fertilizer Application on the Growth of Octomeles sumatrana Miq. Seedlings in Post-Mining Soil. Jurnal Informatika, Sistem Informasi dan Kehutanan (FORSINTA), 1(2), 118–123. https://doi.org/10.53978/jfsa.v2i1

Qin, W., Li, G., Chen, X., & Liu, J. (2024). Organic Amendments Enhance Peanut Nodulation by Influencing Interactions Between Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Peanut Rhizosphere. Agronomy, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14123004

Shaji, H., Chandran, V., & Mathew, L. (2021). Organic Fertilizers as a Route to Controlled Release of Nutrients. Controlled Release Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture (pp. 231–245). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819555-0.00013-3

Sianipar, G., Indrawati, A., & Rahman, A. (2020). Growth Response and Peanut Plant Production (Arachis hypogaea L.) Against the Composting of Corn Rod and Liquid Organic Fertilizer Waste Sugar Cane Pulp. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian (JIPERTA), 2(1), 11–22. http://jurnalmahasiswa.uma.ac.id/index.php/jiperta

Sukarman, N., & Gani, R. A. (2020). Post-mining Land in Bangka and Belitung Islands, Indonesia and Their Suitability for Agricultural Commodities. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim, 41(2), 101. https://doi.org/10.21082/jti.v41n2.2017.101-114

Tao, W. Q., Wu, Q. Q., Zhang, J., Chang, T. T., & Liu, X. N. (2024). Effects of Applying Organic Amendments on Soil Aggregate Structure and Tomato Yield in Facility Agriculture. Plants, 13(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13213064

Vanlauwe, B., Hungria, M., Kanampiu, F., & Giller, K. E. (2019). The Role of Legumes in the Sustainable Intensification of African Smallholder Agriculture: Lessons Learnt and Challenges for the Future. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 284, Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2019.106583

Voothuluru, P., Wu, Y., & Sharp, R. E. (2024). Not so Hidden Anymore: Advances and Challenges in Understanding Root Growth under Water Deficits. Plant Cell, 36(5), 1377–1409. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koae055

Witcombe, A. M., & Tiemann, L. K. (2022). Potential Contribution of Groundnut Residues to Soil N and the Influence of Farmer Management in Western Uganda. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.691786

Wulandari, D., Agus, C., Rosita, R., Mansur, I., & Maulana, A. F. (2022). Impact of Tin Mining on Soil Physio-chemical Properties in Bangka, Indonesia. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Lingkungan, 14(2), 114–121. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.20885/jstl.vol14.iss2.art2

Zhang, X., Wu, J., & Kong, Z. (2024). Cellular Basis of Legume–rhizobium Symbiosis. Plant Communications 5(11). Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101045

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/agrium.v29i2.28648

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

Agrium: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian indexing:

Office:
Gedung Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
(Kampus Utama UMSU)
Jl. Kapten Muchtar Basri No.3, Glugur Darat II,
Kec. Medan Timur, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara - 20238

Email:
agrium@umsu.ac.id