Towards Whom Do Consumers Exhibit Loyalty?
Abstract
Purpose – This research aims to test the effect of perceived effectiveness of loyalty programs, perceived online channel value and customer loyalty on repurchase decision.
Methodology – This study employs a quantitative approach. A study involving 210 samples from ACE Hardware members who are also MISS ACE app users examined the influence of perceived online channel value and perceived effectiveness of loyalty programs on repurchase decisions, mediated by customer loyalty, using the method of SEM, with SMART-PLS software for data analysis.
Findings – Both perceived effectiveness of loyalty programs and perceived online channel value significantly influence repurchase decisions, both directly and indirectly through customer loyalty. The fact that the perceived online channel value has a greater impact than loyalty programs emphasises the need to enhance the value of online platforms as the primary means of creating loyalty and driving repurchases.
Originality/Novelty – This research tests four research variables that have not been studied: perceived effectiveness of loyalty programs, perceived online channel value and customer loyalty on repurchase decision.
Implications – The findings suggest that ACE Hardware members value the app's functionality more than the loyalty programs in making repurchase decisions, emphasising the need for investing in app features le tailoring more market-relevant loyalty programs.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdullaeva, M. (2020). Impact Of Customer Satisfaction On Customer Loyalty In Upscale Ethnic Restaurants. Theoretical & Applied Science, 86(06), 372–375. https://doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2020.06.86.71
Bai, Y., Jia, S., Wang, S., & Tan, B. (2020). Customer Loyalty Improves the Effectiveness of Recommender Systems Based on Complex Network. Information, 11(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/info11030171
Bariha, P. P. (2021). Customer Loyalty Program and Retention Relationship. Psychology and Education Journal, 58(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.2012
Bhatt, G. (2021). Effective Customer Relationship Management: A Key to Success for Banks. International Journal of Management and Development Studies, 10(06), Article 06. https://doi.org/10.53983/ijmds.v10i06.372
Both, A., & Steinmann, S. (2023). Customer experiences in omnichannel retail environments: A thematic literature review. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 33(5), 445–478. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2023.2256491
Bresia, Z. D. Y., & Furinto, A. (2022). New Marketing Approach to Enhance Brand Awareness: Case Study of an Electronic Retailer Company in Indonesia. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 05(04). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V5-i4-41
Bunea, O.-I., Corboș, R.-A., Mișu, S. I., Triculescu, M., & Trifu, A. (2024). The Next-Generation Shopper: A Study of Generation-Z Perceptions of AI in Online Shopping. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 19(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19040125
Chatterjee, S., Chaudhuri ,Ranjan, & and Vrontis, D. (2021). Examining the global retail apocalypse during the COVID-19 pandemic using strategic omnichannel management: A consumers’ data privacy and data security perspective. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 29(7), 617–632. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2021.1936132
Chatzoglou, P., Chatzoudes, D., Savvidou, A., Fotiadis, T., & Delias, P. (2022). Factors affecting repurchase intentions in retail shopping: An empirical study. Heliyon, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10619
Chu, K.-M. (2021). Measuring Customer Service Experience in Offline and Online Retail Environments (No. 2021020250). Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0250.v1
Deventer, M. van, & Redda, E. H. (2021). Modeling the factors that explain customer loyalty in retail banking. Innovative Marketing, 17(3), 135–143. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.17(3).2021.11
Dong, S., Zhao, P., & Zou, D. (2022). Measuring Repurchase Decisions by Accelerating Repurchase Behavior. Australasian Marketing Journal, 30(3), 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1177/18393349211000353
Faridi, M. R., & Naushad, M. (2021). A study of brand fidelity: Its contribution and impact on the Saudi market. Innovative Marketing, 17(4), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.17(4).2021.02
Fook, A. C. W., & Dastane, O. (2021). Effectiveness of Loyalty Programs in Customer Retention: A Multiple Mediation Analysis. Jindal Journal of Business Research, 10(1), 7–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/22786821211000182
Gagné, M., & Hewett, R. (2024). Assumptions about Human Motivation have Consequences for Practice. Journal of Management Studies, joms.13092. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.13092
Ganaie, T. A., & Bhat, Prof. M. A. (2020). Relationship Marketing Practices and Customer Loyalty: A Review with Reference to Banking Industry. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 10(4), 118–125. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.10.4.18
Gibson, S., Dahl ,Andrew J., Hsu ,Maxwell K., & and Moreno, G. (2024). Understanding the complexities of omnichannel retailing through a service-dominant logic framework: Exploring the role of digitalization in the retail ecosystem. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 34(5), 669–702. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2024.2347931
Guo, J., & Li, L. (2022). Exploring the Relationship Between Social Commerce Features and Consumers’ Repurchase Intentions: The Mediating Role of Perceived Value. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.775056
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). An Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling. In J. F. Hair Jr., G. T. M. Hult, C. M. Ringle, M. Sarstedt, N. P. Danks, & S. Ray (Eds.), Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook (pp. 1–29). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7_1
Hanaysha, J. R., Shriedeh ,Fayez Bassam, & and Gulseven, O. (2025). Impact of website quality, product assortment, customer reviews, and perceived service quality on online loyalty: The role of perceived value as a mediator. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1), 2433706. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2433706
Hasanah, A., Harahap, M. I., & Silalahi, P. R. (2024). Influence Price, Production Rubber and Income on The Level of Welfare of Rubber Farmers in The Village Ranto Jior District River Right Regency Port Rock South. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 11(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.33096/jmb.v11i2.899
He, X., Liu, Q., & Jung, S. (2024). The Impact of Recommendation System on User Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Approach. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 19(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19010024
Ho, M. H.-W., & Chung, H. F. L. (2020). Customer engagement, customer equity and repurchase intention in mobile apps. Journal of Business Research, 121, 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.07.046
Hollebeek, L. D., & Belk, R. (2021). Consumers’ technology-facilitated brand engagement and wellbeing: Positivist TAM/PERMA- vs. Consumer Culture Theory perspectives. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 38(2), 387–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2021.03.001
Hossain, T. M. T., Akter, S., Kattiyapornpong, U., & Dwivedi, Y. (2020). Reconceptualizing Integration Quality Dynamics for Omnichannel Marketing. Industrial Marketing Management, 87, 225–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2019.12.006
Huang, Q., Zhang, R., Lee, H., Xu, H., & Pan, Y. (2024). A Study on Customer Behavior in Online Dating Platforms: Analyzing the Impact of Perceived Value on Enhancing Customer Loyalty. Behavioral Sciences, 14(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14100973
Jarosz, J. (2022). The Introduction of Loyalty Programs for the Retail Industry. International Journal of Innovation in Marketing Elements, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.59615/ijime.2.1.59
Jo, H., & Bang, Y. (2024). Navigating the Omnichannel Landscape: Unraveling the Antecedents of Customer Loyalty. Sage Open, 14(1), 21582440241233091. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241233091
Jothi Krishnan, J. (2021). A study on loyalty dimension and measurement. Materials Today: Proceedings, 37, 890–893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.046
Kimura, M. (2021). Customer segment transition through the customer loyalty program. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 34(3), 611–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-09-2020-0630
Koo, W. (2020). Critical Omni-Channel Service Elements Affecting Satisfaction and Loyalty: International Journal of E-Business Research, 16(2), 32–46. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEBR.2020040103
Lee, H. J. (2020). A Study of Consumer Repurchase Behaviors of Smartphones Using Artificial Neural Network. Information, 11(9), Article 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/info11090400
Lin, C., & Bowman, D. (2022). The impact of introducing a customer loyalty program on category sales and profitability. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 64, 102769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102769
Liu, C., Wang, S., & Jia, G. (2020). Exploring E-Commerce Big Data and Customer-Perceived Value: An Empirical Study on Chinese Online Customers. Sustainability, 12(20), Article 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208649
Luo, Z., & Paulino, A. G. (2023). Correlation of Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: The Heritage Tourism Site of Dongguan Street in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Journal of Service Science and Management, 16(03), 161–191. https://doi.org/10.4236/jssm.2023.163011
Malenkov, Y., Kapustina, I., Kudryavtseva, G., Shishkin, V. V., & Shishkin, V. I. (2021). Digitalization and Strategic Transformation of Retail Chain Stores: Trends, Impacts, Prospects. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2), 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020108
Mavilinda, H. F., Putri, Y. H., & Nazaruddin, A. (2023). Is Storytelling Marketing Effective in Building Customer Engagement and Driving Purchase Decisions? Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 14(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v14i2.17830
Muhammad, F., Rozi, F., & Supriyanto, A. S. (2021). The influence of membership program on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 10(6), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i6.1362
Mukhopadhyay, R., & Jha, D. (2025). Building Brand Loyalty in the Digital Age: The Power of Social Media Engagement. In R. Sharma, T. Maqableh, F. Rabby, R. Sharma, & R. Bansal (Eds.), Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services (pp. 133–158). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9954-5.ch007
Muzumdar, P., Basyal, G. P., & Vyas, P. (2021). Moderating effects of retail operations and hard-sell sales techniques on salesperson’s interpersonal skills and customer repurchase intention (No. arXiv:2103.00054). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2103.00054
Nanta, T. M., Noermijati, N., Rohman, F., & Hussein, A. S. (2025). The Effect of Digital Touchpoint Usage Experience on Customer Loyalty Mediated by Digital Engagement and Customer Satisfaction. Businesses, 5(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/businesses5010003
Osatuyi, B., Qin, H., Osatuyi, T., & Turel, O. (2020). When it comes to Satisfaction … It depends: An empirical examination of social commerce users. Computers in Human Behavior, 111, 106413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106413
Paulose, D., & Shakeel, A. (2022). Perceived Experience, Perceived Value and Customer Satisfaction as Antecedents to Loyalty among Hotel Guests. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 23(2), 447–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2021.1884930
Prompanyo, M., & Wang, L. (2020). A Validation of the Multidimensional Perceived Value in the Model of E-loyalty towards Sino-Thai Cross-border E-commerce based on China s Customers. Journal of Business Research - Turk, 12(2), 1014–1022. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.891
Quach, S., Barari, M., Moudrý, D. V., & Quach, K. (2022). Service integration in omnichannel retailing and its impact on customer experience. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 65, 102267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102267
Rahman, S. M., Carlson, J., Gudergan, S. P., Wetzels, M., & Grewal, D. (2022). Perceived Omnichannel Customer Experience (OCX): Concept, measurement, and impact. Journal of Retailing, 98(4), 611–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2022.03.003
Ramachandran, S., & Balasubramanian, S. (2020). Examining the Moderating Role of Brand Loyalty among Consumers of Technology Products. Sustainability, 12(23), Article 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239967
Ringo, R. Y. S., Septyanto, D., & Ramli, A. H. (2023). Analysis of Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Shopee Marketplace. Majalah Ilmiah Bijak, 20(2), 293–310. https://doi.org/10.31334/bijak.v20i2.3427
Saini, S., & Singh, J. (2020). A Link Between Attitudinal and Behavioral Loyalty of Service Customers. Business Perspectives and Research, 8(2), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.1177/2278533719887452
Setiahutama, H. I., & Muthohar, M. (2023). Determinants of Consumer Repurchase Intention on Tokopedia in Indonesia. INJURITY: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(6), 541–549. https://doi.org/10.58631/injurity.v2i6.78
Shankar, A., Gupta, M., Tiwari, A. K., & Behl, A. (2021). How does convenience impact showrooming intention? Omnichannel retail strategies to manage global retail apocalypse. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2021.1965189
Shin, M., Back, K.-J., Lee, C.-K., & Lee, Y.-S. (2020). Enhancing customer-brand relationship by leveraging loyalty program experiences that foster customer-brand identification. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(12), 3991–4016. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2020-0550
Sitek, A., & Kotulski, Z. (2020). A New Card-Linked Loyalty Program: Estimated and Anticipated Benefits for Payment Transaction Parties. Electronics, 9(11), Article 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111956
Sofiya, N. A., Syauqina, N. D., Fadhilah, N., Fatihah, N., Alam, A., & Upadhyay, A. (2023). The Influence of Shoppe on Consumer Behavior: A Case Study in Malaysia. Journal of The Community Development in Asia, 6(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.32535/jcda.v6i2.2296
Son, Y., Oh, W., Han, S. P., & Park, S. (2020). When Loyalty Goes Mobile: Effects of Mobile Loyalty Apps on Purchase, Redemption, and Competition. Information Systems Research, 31(3), 835–847. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2019.0918
Steinhoff, L., & Zondag, M. M. (2021). Loyalty programs as travel companions: Complementary service features across customer journey stages. Journal of Business Research, 129, 70–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.02.016
Swoboda, B., & Winters, A. (2021). Reciprocity within major retail purchase channels and their effects on overall, offline and online loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 125, 279–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.12.024
Tawfik, A. A., Gatewood, J., Gish-Lieberman, J. J., & Hampton, A. J. (2022). Toward a Definition of Learning Experience Design. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 27(1), 309–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-020-09482-2
Thuy, D. C., & Ngoc Quang, N. (2022). Factors affecting satisfaction and intention to repurchase retail banking services in Vietnam. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2137952. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2137952
Tomas, A., & Fitriningrum, A. (2022). Pengaruh Omnichannel Integration Quality terhadap Customer Satisfaction yang Dimediasi oleh Omnichannel Perceived Value pada Pelanggan Klikindomaret (Studi Empiris: Konsumen Klikindomaret di Jabodetabek). Journal of Business & Applied Management, 15(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.30813/jbam.v15i1.3457
Trenggana, A. F. M., Wibowo, L. A., Rahayu, A., & Lestari, O. (2022). The Effectiveness of Strategies to Achieve Customer Loyalty: The Role of Relationship Marketing and Customer Retention. 516–520. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220701.094
Venkatesh, V. (2022). Adoption and use of AI tools: A research agenda grounded in UTAUT. Annals of Operations Research, 308(1–2), 641–652. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03918-9
Vermila, C. W., & Alatas, A. (2021). Analysis of Rice Consumer Loyalty in Pekanbaru City. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 2(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v2i3.199
Visuri, A., van Berkel, N., Goncalves, J., Rawassizadeh, R., Ferreira, D., & Kostakos, V. (2021). Understanding usage style transformation during long-term smartwatch use. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 25(3), 535–549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-020-01511-2
Wang, G., & Nuangjamnong, C. (2023). The Influence of Online Shopping Platform on Customer Satisfaction and Trust toward Customer Loyalty: A Case Study of JD E-commerce Platform in China. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 10(01), 7623–7649. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v10i01.08
Xu, X., & Hu, Z. (2022). Effect of introducing virtual community and community group buying on customer’s perceived value and loyalty behavior: A convenience store-based perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.989463
Yin, W., & Xu, B. (2021). Effect of online shopping experience on customer loyalty in apparel business-to-consumer ecommerce. Textile Research Journal, 91(23–24), 2882–2895. https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175211016559
Zhang, N., Guo, M., Bu, X., & Jin, C. (2023). Understanding green loyalty: A literature review based on bibliometric-content analysis. Heliyon, 9(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18029
Zhang, Y. (2022). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Loyalty Programmes in the Fashion Industry: A Case Study of ASOS UK. Modern Economics & Management Forum, 3(3), 189. https://doi.org/10.32629/memf.v3i3.860
Zhao, Y., Zhao, X., & Liu, Y. (2023). Exploring the Impact of Online and Offline Channel Advantages on Brand Relationship Performance: The Mediating Role of Consumer Perceived Value. Behavioral Sciences, 13(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13010016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/ijbe.v6i2.23681
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
International Journal of Business Economics (IJBE)is abstracting & indexing in the following databases:
View My Stats IJBE



