Dinamika Pelaporan CSR, Inovasi Hijau, dan Kinerja pada Tahap Siklus Hidup Perusahaan
Abstract
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh kinerja perusahaan dan inovasi hijau terhadap pelaporan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR), serta menelaah bagaimana pengaruh tersebut berkembang seiring dengan perbedaan tahap siklus hidup perusahaan.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi data panel. Sampel penelitian mencakup perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam indeks IDX KEHATI ESG Sector Leaders di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2019–2023. Kinerja perusahaan diukur menggunakan Return on Assets (ROA), inovasi hijau diproksikan melalui kepemilikan paten hijau, pelaporan CSR diukur menggunakan skor ESG dari CSRHub, dan tahap siklus hidup perusahaan diukur menggunakan rasio laba ditahan terhadap total aset (RETA). Analisis dilakukan dengan model fixed effects dan robust standard errors menggunakan Stata.
Originalitas/Novelty: Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penempatan tahap siklus hidup perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi dalam menjelaskan dinamika hubungan antara kinerja perusahaan, inovasi hijau, dan pelaporan CSR, khususnya dalam konteks negara berkembang.
Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja perusahaan dan inovasi hijau berpengaruh positif terhadap pelaporan CSR. Namun, tahap siklus hidup perusahaan terbukti memperlemah pengaruh tersebut, yang mengindikasikan bahwa perusahaan yang lebih matang cenderung mengurangi intensitas CSR sebagai alat strategis.
Implikasi: Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa peran CSR dan inovasi hijau bersifat dinamis dan berubah seiring dengan tingkat kematangan perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, strategi CSR dan inovasi hijau perlu disesuaikan dengan tahap perkembangan perusahaan agar tetap relevan dan efektif.
Research Objectives: This study aims to examine the influence of firm performance and green innovation on corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting, and to explore how these relationships evolve across different enterprise life stages.
Research Method: This study adopts a quantitative approach using panel data regression analysis. The sample consists of firms listed in the IDX KEHATI ESG Sector Leaders index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2019–2023. Firm performance is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), green innovation is proxied by green patent ownership, CSR reporting is assessed using ESG scores from CSRHub, and enterprise life stage is measured by the retained earnings-to-total assets ratio (RETA). The analysis applies a fixed-effects model with robust standard errors using Stata.
Originality/Novelty: The originality of this study lies in incorporating enterprise life stage as a moderating variable to explain the dynamic relationship between firm performance, green innovation, and CSR reporting within an emerging market context.
Research Results: The findings indicate that firm performance and green innovation positively affect CSR reporting. However, enterprise life stage weakens these effects, suggesting that more mature firms tend to place less strategic emphasis on CSR activities.
Implications: These results highlight that the role of CSR and green innovation is not static but shifts as firms mature. Accordingly, companies should align CSR and innovation strategies with their life cycle stages to enhance effectiveness and long-term value.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jakk.v9i1.28498
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