Peran Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) pada Penyakit Manusia

Ismatul Fauziah Rambe

Abstract


Abstrak: Gen CTLA-4 merupakan gen yang mengkode protein CTLA-4. Protein ini terutama diekspresikan pada permukaan sel T, salah satu jenis sel darah putih yang berperan penting dalam imunitas adaptif. Saat aktif, CTLA-4 bersaing dengan protein lain yaitu CD28, untuk mengikat molekul B7 pada antigen presenting cell (APC). Berbeda dari CD28 yang mendorong aktivasi sel T saat berikatan dengan B7, CTLA-4 mengirimkan sinyal penghambatan, sehingga mengurangi respons sel T dan mencegah aktivasi kekebalan yang berlebihan. Beberapa contoh penyakit autoimmune yang dikaitkan dengan CTLA-4 adalah rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Diabetes mellitus tipe 1 (DM tipe 1), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), kanker dan lainnya. Penelitian masih terus dilakukan hingga kini yang berkaitan dengan penyakit lain  maupun peran gen CTLA-4 dalam  tatalaksana suatu penyakit.

Kata kunci: CTLA-4, Autoimun, sel T.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jih.v5i3.20462

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