Model Global Manajemen Sekolah untuk Kesehatan Mental: Tinjauan Kritis atas Praktik dan Kebijakan Pendidikan di Enam Kawasan Dunia

Muhammad Arsyad, Ahmad Suriansyah, Aslamiah Aslamiah

Abstract


Masalah kesehatan mental remaja telah menjadi isu global yang berdampak serius pada perkembangan akademik dan sosial siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji praktik dan kebijakan manajemen sekolah berbasis kesehatan mental di enam kawasan dunia—Indonesia, Eropa, Amerika Utara, Asia lainnya, Afrika, dan Australia—guna merumuskan rekomendasi kebijakan yang kontekstual bagi sistem pendidikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA untuk menyeleksi dan menganalisis sebelas artikel jurnal terpilih dari database internasional terkemuka. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa model intervensi universal berbasis kurikulum sosial-emosional, pendekatan selektif dan terindikasi, serta program berbasis e-health memiliki efektivitas yang bervariasi tergantung pada dukungan institusional, keterlibatan aktor, dan kesiapan sistem kebijakan di masing-masing negara. Keberhasilan manajemen sangat bergantung pada kolaborasi multidisipliner, pelatihan guru, dan keberadaan kebijakan nasional yang mendukung. Di sisi lain, tantangan seperti ketimpangan kebijakan, keterbatasan evaluasi jangka panjang, dan kesenjangan akses digital masih menjadi hambatan utama. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar Indonesia mengembangkan kebijakan nasional yang secara eksplisit mengintegrasikan kesehatan mental ke dalam sistem manajemen sekolah, memperkuat pelatihan guru, membentuk tim pendukung psikososial sekolah, dan mengembangkan sistem monitoring berbasis data untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan keberlanjutan layanan kesehatan mental di sekolah.


Keywords


School management, Mental health, Systematic literature review, Education policy

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jmp-dmt.v6i4.25609

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.30596/jmp-dmt.v6i4.25609.g14300

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