Biomethane Production as an Alternative Cooking Energy Source in Jakarta

Diyono .

Abstract


This study delved into the viability of biomethane as a cleaner alternative to fulfil Jakarta's substantial cooking energy needs, which is currently reliant on liquid petroleum gas (LPG). By harnessing waste streams from wastewater, organic waste, and crop residues in an anaerobic digester, biogas was produced and subsequently upgraded into biomethane. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was utilized to enhance biogas production efficiency. Biomethane production amounted to 1.58 million tons annually, covering approximately 68.74% of the cooking energy demand. Although this falls short of Jakarta's annual LPG demand of 2.88 million tons, the study proposes a distribution scheme to bridge this gap and facilitate the broader adoption of biomethane. This research underscores the potential of biomethane in reducing LPG dependency, offering promising avenues for sustainable urban energy solutions.

Keywords


Biomethane, Anaerobic Digestion, Organic Waste, Wastewater, Crop Residues.

References


UNFCCC. Adoption of the Paris Agreement, Report No. FCCC/CP/2015/L.9/Rev.1. Retrieved on 17th September 2020 from: http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09r01.pdf.

Eurostat. (2018). Retrieved on 3 September 2020 from:https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/pdfscache/1180.pdf

BP. (2020). BP Statistical Review of World Energy. Retrieved on 21 September 2020 from:https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/businesssites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energyeconomics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2020-full-report.pdf.

International Energy Agency (IEA). Retrieved on 5 February 2021 from: https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-information-overview.

Barua, Pranta., Chowdhury, Tamal., at all. (2018). A Study on Renewable Energy in Smart Grid. National Conference on Energy Technology and Industrial Automation. Bangladesh.

The World Bank. Retrieved on 5 February 2021 from: https://datatopics.worldbank.org/whata- waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.html#:~:text=The%20world%20generates%202.01 %20billion,from%200.11%20to%204.54%20kilograms.

Statistics, W. G. B. (2020). World Bioenergy Association (WBA) : Stockholm.

Statistics Indonesia (BPS). (2019). Population in DKI Jakarta. Retrieved on 19 March 2020 from: https://jakarta.bps.go.id/indicator/12/1270/1/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-kabupaten-kota-di-provinsi-dki-jakarta-.html

Detik News. Retrieved on 02 August 2021 from: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4966234/kebutuhan-lpg-naik-18-juta-tabung-3kg-ditambah-ke-jabodetabek

Aji, K. P., & Bambang, A. N. (2019). Konversi Energi Biogas Menjadi Energi Listrik Sebagai Alternati Energi Terbarukan dan Ramah Lingkungan di Desa Langse, Kecamatan Margorejo Kabupaten Pati. In Prosiding SENTIKUIN (Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri, Lingkungan dan Infrastruktur) (Vol. 2, pp. B4-1).

DKI Jakarta Statistics. Daily waste production. Retrieved on 19 March 2020 from: https://statistik.jakarta.go.id/rata-rata-jumlah-sampah-yang-masuk-ke-tempat-pembuangansampah-terakhir-tpst-bantar-gebang-2019/

Tirto id. Daily waste Supply in DKI Jakarta. Retrieved on 19 March 2020 from: https://tirto.id/dkihasilkan-4-ribuan-ton-sampah-makanan-per-hari-cjti.

Yachiko Engineering. (2012). The Project for Capacity Development of the Wastewater Sector through Reviewing the Wastewater Management Master Plan in DKI Jakarta in the Republic of Indonesia.

IRENA. (2017). Biogas for domestic cooking: Technology brief, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi.

Yang, Q., Luo, K., Li, X. M., Wang, D. B., Zheng, W., Zeng, G. M., & Liu, J. J. (2010). Enhanced efficiency of biological excess sludge hydrolysis under anaerobic digestion by additional enzymes. Bioresource Technology, 101(9), 2924-2930.

Bos, G.-J. K. (2019). Interview on biogas production at 'De Groene Energiefabriek Meerlanden'. (J. Hofstra, Interviewer). Interview taken on 04-11-2019.

Noike, T. Endo, G., Chang, J. E., Yaguchi, J., & Matsumoto, J. (1985). Characteristics of carbohydrate degradation and the rate-limiting step in anaerobic digestion. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 27, 1482–1489. doi:/10.1002/bit.260271013.3595.

Mir, M. A., Hussain, A., & Verma, C. (2016). Design considerations and operational performance of anaerobic digester: A review. Cogent Engineering, 3(1), 1181696.

Ralph, M., & Dong, G. J. (2010). Environmental microbiology second. Wiley.

Ali Shah, F., Mahmood, Q., Maroof Shah, M., Pervez, A., & Ahmad Asad, S. (2014). Microbial ecology of anaerobic digesters: The key players of anaerobiosis. Scientific World Journal, 2014, 183752.

Dhamodharan, K., & Ajay, S. K. (2014). Pretreatment and anaerobic digestion of food waste for high rate methane production – A review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2, 1821– 1830.

Chu, C.-H., Wang, C., & Huang, C.-C. (2007). Pilot study of the influence of stirring and pH on anaerobes converting high-solid organic wastes to hydrogen. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33, 1550–1558. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.09.031

Davidsson, Å. (2007). Increase of Biogas Production at Wastewater Treatment Plants Addition of urban organic waste and pre-treatment of sludge. Lund University.

Zhang D, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Zhu X. (2010). New sludge pretreatment method to improve methane production in waste-activated sludge digestion. Environ Sci Techno 44(12):4802–4808.

Murphy, Jerry, Rudolf Braun, Peter Weiland, and Arthur Wellinger. "Biogas from crop digestion." In IEA bioenergy task, vol. 37, no. 37, pp. 1-23. 2011.

Tepsour, Muthita, Nikannapas Usmanbaha, Thiwa Rattanaya, Rattana Jariyaboon, Sompong O-Thong, Poonsuk Prasertsan, and Prawit Kongjan. "Biogas production from oil palm empty fruit bunches and palm oil decanter cake using solid-state anaerobic co-digestion." Energies 12, no. 22 (2019): 4368.

Arthur, R., & Brew-Hammond, A. (2010). Potential biogas production from sewage sludge: A case study of the sewage treatment plant at Kwame Nkrumah university of science and technology, Ghana. International Journal of Energy & Environment, (6).

GATE and GTZ German Appropriate Technology Exchange (GATE) and German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ). (2007). Biogas Digest Volume II: Application and Product Development. Frankfurt, Germany.

Wirawan, M. (2019). Kajian Kualitatif Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik di DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Riset Jakarta, 12(2).

Dasgupta, A., & Chandel, M. K. (2020). Enhancement of biogas production from organic fraction of municipal solid waste using alkali pretreatment. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 1-11.

Puspitarini,Margarita.Retrievedon21June2020from:https://news.okezone.com/read/2014/04/24/373/975469/kemasbiogasdalamtabungtakbisasembarangan.

Google maps. Retrieved on 02 July 2022 from: https://www.google.com/maps/@-6.1948335,106.8510721,10.95z?entry=ttu

Mullane, Jared. Natural gas vs LPG: What should you get?. Retrieved on 27 June 2021 from: https://www.canstarblue.com.au/gas/natural-gas-vs-lpg/

Watson, Stephanie. (2020). Gas vs Electric Stoves: Which is really more efficient. Retrieved on 27 June 2021 from: https://home.howstuffworks.com/gas-vs-electric-stoves.htm




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/rmme.v7i2.18707

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi  is abstracting & indexing in the following databases: 

 

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Statcounter View My Stats RMME