Coffee Husk Extract as a Growth Medium for Trichoderma brevicompactum and Its Antagonistic Activity Against Fusarium sp. and Stimulation of Chili Seed Germination
Abstract
Coffee husk waste is an organic material containing nutrients and bioactive compounds, making it potentially useful as an alternative medium for the propagation of Trichoderma brevicompactum and as a biological control formulation against Fusarium sp. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of coffee husk extract as a propagation medium for T. brevicompactum, to test the effectiveness of the formulation in suppressing the growth of Fusarium sp. in vitro, and to determine its effect on the germination of chili seeds infected with Fusarium sp. The research was conducted from April to July 2025 at the Biological Control Agents Laboratory, Agricultural Plant Protection Center of Gorontalo Province, using an experimental method. Parameters observed included the physicochemical properties of the medium, spore density, mycelial biomass weight, inhibition against Fusarium sp., germination percentage, and vigor index of chili seeds. Data analysis was performed descriptively for the physical properties of the medium, using a t-test for spore density, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at the 5% level for seed growth parameters. The results showed that coffee husk extract was able to support the growth of T. brevicompactum with a spore density of 2.0 × 10⁹ spores mL⁻¹ and was not significantly different from Potato Dextrose Broth medium, indicating its potential as a more economical alternative liquid medium. The filtrate of the coffee husk extract–based formulation showed an inhibition rate against Fusarium sp. of 31.31%. The formulation treatment was also able to maintain chili seed viability with germination percentages of 93.3–96.7% and vigor index in the good category. Coffee husk extract has the potential to be developed as an alternative growth medium for T. brevicompactum.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/agrium.v29i2.28562
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