Annular Solar Eclipse in the Classical Islamic Astronomical Tradition

Jauharotul Maknunah Firman, Ahmad Syifaul Anam

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the limitations of the hisab method found in classical falak texts in estimating the types of solar eclipses particularly annular solar eclipses and to offer an integrative approach with modern astronomical calculations. Although classical calculation has played a significant role in predicting celestial phenomena and determining prayer times, the methods employed do not take into account key astronomical parameters such as the apparent diameters and relative distances of the Sun and Moon from the Earth. As a result, it is unable to accurately distinguish between different types of solar eclipses. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative method through a literature study, combining content analysis of classical falak texts with contemporary astronomical data and theories. The findings indicate that integration between classical calculation and modern astronomical calculations is essential to enhance the accuracy of eclipse predictions, especially in identifying annular solar eclipses. Such integration reinforces the relevance of falak science in today’s scientific and religious contexts and opens up pathways for developing knowledge that harmoniously bridges Islamic tradition and modern science.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33096/jah.v2i3.24383

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