The Enigma of Ethics: Code of Ethics Enforcement on Covid-19 Health Protocol

Fradhana Putra Disantara; Ruetaitip Chansrakaeo; Mohamad Jazuli; Ni Putu Ratnayutika; Rini Triastutiek Umiasih; Claudya Inamas Putri

doi:10.30596/dll.v7i1.8203

The Enigma of Ethics: Code of Ethics Enforcement on Covid-19 Health Protocol

Fradhana Putra Disantara, Ruetaitip Chansrakaeo, Mohamad Jazuli, Ni Putu Ratnayutika, Rini Triastutiek Umiasih, Claudya Inamas Putri

Abstract

Ethics as a guide for human behavior is often alienated in the political realm. However, the political process requires ethics to maintain the essence of the implementation of a dignified democracy. This legal research uses a conceptual approach and legislation using primary legal materials and secondary materials. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the existence of the application of ethics in the political realm; then, review the validity of the COVID-19 health protocol as one of the codes of ethics for the organs of the Local Leaders Election (Pemilukada) organizers. The results of the study explain that in fact, ethics in the political realm is a fundamental thing that aims to provide welfare for the wider community. Furthermore, the determination of the COVID-19 health protocol as a code of ethics for the organs of the Pemilukada by the DKPP is very appropriate and legally justified; considering that DKPP has the authority to formulate and stipulate a code of ethics for the organs of the Pemilukada. Thus, it is necessary to formulate a joint regulation between the organs of the Pemilukada regarding the determination of the code of ethics for the Pemilukada.

Keywords

Code of Ethics, Health Protocol, Regional election, DKPP, COVID-19

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ackerman, B. (2020). The Emergency Constitution. Journal of Constitutional Law, 1(Special Edition), 963. https://www.constcourt.ge/files/7/JCL - ENG - VOL 1 (2020) Special Issue/JCL - 2020 Vol.1 Special Edition - Emergency - ENG.pdf

Adhihernawan, M. Y., & Fadhila, A. N. (2021). Telaah Efektivitas Mekanisme Pemberhentian Presiden Indonesia: Perbandingan Praktik Amerika Serikat dan Korea Selatan. Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum, 1(2), 211248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19184/jkph.v1i2.24453.

Adkins, A. W. H. (1984). The Connection between Aristotles Ethics and Politics. Political Theory, 12(1), 2949.

Aydogan, A. (2021). Party systems and ideological cleavages in the Middle East and North Africa. Party Politics, 27(4), 814826. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068819894299

Bourcier, B. (2019). RESCUING POLITICS FROM LYING AND HYPOCRISY: UTILITY AND TRUTH IN JEREMY BENTHAMS THOUGHT. Ethics, Politics & Society, 2(1), 155177. https://doi.org/10.21814/eps.2.1.90

Budiman, A. (2020). DKPP Ingatkan Penyelenggara Pilkada 2020 Tegas Soal Protokol Covid-19. Tempo.Co. https://pilkada.tempo.co/read/1410875/dkpp-ingatkan-penyelenggara-pilkada-2020-tegas-soal-protokol-covid-19/full&view=ok

Chen, S. (2019). The Stages of Moral Education in Aristotles Ethics and Politics. Rhizomata, 7(1), 97118. https://doi.org/10.1515/rhiz-2019-0004

Dawood, Y. (2020). Election Law Originalism: The Supreme Courts Elitist Theory of Democracy. St. Louis University Law Journal, 64(609), 609633. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3661959

Dawson, S. (2020). Electoral Fraud and The Paradox of Political Competition. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, 120. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2020.1740716

Dindjer, H. (2020). THE NEW LEGAL ANTI-POSITIVISM. Legal Theory, 26(3), 181213. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352325220000208

DKPP-RI, H. (2020a). Alfitra Salamm: Tingkatkan Kedisiplinan Untuk Cegah COVID-19. Dkpp.Go.Id. https://dkpp.go.id/alfitra-salamm-tingkatkan-kedisiplinan-untuk-cegah-covid-19/

DKPP-RI, H. (2020b). Disiplin Covid Harus Jadi Inspirasi Untuk Tingkatkan Etika Penyelenggara. Dkpp.Go.Id. https://dkpp.go.id/disiplin-covid-harus-jadi-inspirasi-untuk-tingkatkan-etika-penyelenggara/

DKPP-RI, H. (2020c). DKPP Paparkan Data Aduan dan Perkara Selama 2020. Dkpp.Go.Id. https://dkpp.go.id/dkpp-paparkan-data-aduan-dan-perkara-selama-2020/

Doherty, D., Dowling, C. M., & Miller, M. G. (2021). The conditional effect of local party organization activity on federal election outcomes. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, 31(3), 368387. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2019.1651320

Donaldson, S., Vink, J., & Gagnon, J.-P. (2021). Realizing Interspecies Democracy. Democratic Theory, 8(1), 7195. https://doi.org/10.3167/dt.2021.080105

Donnelly, J., & Nardin, T. (1984). Law, Morality, and the Relations of States. Human Rights Quarterly, 6(3), 381. https://doi.org/10.2307/762007

Egorov, G., & Sonin, K. (2021). Elections in Non-Democracies. The Economic Journal, 131(636), 16821716. https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueaa123

Ellis, A. R. (2020). Voter Fraud as an Epistemic Crisis for the Right to Vote. Mercer Law Review, 71(3), 757778.

Farisa, F. C. (2020a). Bawaslu Sebut Pengaturan Protokol Kesehatan Pilkada Mentok di Undang-Undang. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/09/25/08091261/bawaslu-sebut-pengaturan-protokol-kesehatan-pilkada-mentok-di-undang-undang?page=all

Farisa, F. C. (2020b). Pilkada 2020, Catatan soal Pelanggaran Protokol hingga Kekhawatiran Penularan Covid-19. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/11/24/09353691/pilkada-2020-catatan-soal-pelanggaran-protokol-hingga-kekhawatiran-penularan?page=all

Femia, J. V. (2011). Pareto and Political Theory. Routledge.

Fiqri, A. Al. (2020). Kesepakatan Pelaksanaan Pilkada Dinilai Tidak Jelas. Alinea.Id. https://www.alinea.id/pemilu/kesepakatan-pelaksanaan-pilkada-dinilai-tidak-jelas-b1ZTG9xrK

Fives, A. (2006). Aristotles ethics and contemporary political philosophy: virtue and the human good. Twenty-First Century Society, 1(2), 205220. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450140600913423

Frantz, E., Kendall-Taylor, A., Nietsche, C., & Wright, J. (2021). How Personalist Politics Is Changing Democracies. Journal of Democracy, 32(3), 94108. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2021.0036

Geyh, C. G. (2019). Judicial Ethics: A New Paradigm for a New Era. St. Marys Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics, 9(2), 239255.

Gunatilleke, G. (2021). Justifying Limitations on the Freedom of Expression. Human Rights Review, 22(1), 91108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-020-00608-8

Hall, J. (1978). Religion, Law and Ethics - A Call For Dialogue. The Hastings Law Journal, 29(1), 12571281.

Hankin, G. (1923). Ethics and Law. International Journal of Ethics, 33(4), 416435.

Harding, R. (2020). Who Is Democracy Good For? Elections, Rural Bias, and Health and Education Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Journal of Politics, 82(1), 241254. https://doi.org/10.1086/705745

Insole, C. J. (2020). Kant and the Divine: From Contemplation to the Moral Law. Oxford University Press.

Iovan, M. (2020). Analysis of the Connections Between Law and Morals, Between Customs and Contemporaneity. Journal of Legal Studies, 25(39), 5768. https://doi.org/10.2478/jles-2020-0004

Killoren, D., Crookston, E., & Trerise, J. (Eds.). (2017). Ethics in Politics: The Rights and Obligations of Individual Political Agents. Routledge.

Lerman, L. G., Schrag, P. G., & Rubinson, R. (2020). Ethical Problems in the Practice of Law (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Law & Business.

Levine, S. J. (2000). Law, Ethics, and Religion in the Public Square: Principles of Restraint and Withdrawal. Marquette Law Review, 83(4), 733783.

Linebarger, C., & Salehyan, I. (2020). Electoral Integrity and Election-Related Conflict. Democracy and Security, 16(3), 260280. https://doi.org/10.1080/17419166.2020.1787158

Magni, B. (2020). COMPROMISE AND/OR INTEGRITY? SOME NORMATIVE REMARKS. Ethics, Politics & Society, 2(1), 335353. https://doi.org/10.21814/eps.2.1.99

Marshall, A., Brown, P., & Ojiako, U. (2020). The Lion and Fox Animal Spirits of Machiavelli and Pareto. Revue Europenne Des Sciences Sociales, 58(1), 1340. https://doi.org/10.4000/ress.6226

Morris, C. W. (1996). Well-Being, Reasons, and the Politics of Law Ethics in the Public Domain: Essays in the Morality of Law and Politics. Joseph Raz. Ethics, 106(4), 817833. https://doi.org/10.1086/233674

Muhammad, M., & Prasetyo, T. (2018). Eksistensi DKPP RI dalam Mengawal Demokrasi dan Pemilu Bermartabat. Rajawali Pers.

Neidleman, J. (2020). Politics and Tragedy: The Case of Rousseau. Political Research Quarterly, 73(2), 464475. https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912919839144

Nili, S. (2018). Integrity, Personal and Political. The Journal of Politics, 80(2), 428441. https://doi.org/10.1086/694786

Owen, D. (2021). Refugees, legitimacy and development. Ethics & Global Politics, 14(2), 8697. https://doi.org/10.1080/16544951.2021.1926082

Parley, L. (1999). A Brief History of Legal Ethics. Family Law Quarterly, 33(3), 637645.

Patterson, D. (2018). Theoretical Disagreement, Legal Positivism, and Interpretation. Ratio Juris, 31(3), 260275. https://doi.org/10.1111/raju.12216

Prasetyo, T. (2017). Pemilu Bermartabat Reorientasi Pemikiran Baru Tentang Demokrasi. Rajawali Press.

Prasetyo, T. (2018). DKPP RI: Penegak Etik Penyelenggara Pemilu Bermartabat. Rajawali Pers.

Prasetyo, T. (2019). Pemilu dan Etika Penyelenggaraan Pemilu Bermartabat. Nusamedia.

Prasetyo, T. (2020). Hukum dan Teori Hukum Perspektif Teori Keadilan Bermartabat. Nusa Media.

Qvortrup, M. (2018). The Political Philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Manchester University Press. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526137845

Rhode, D. L., Luban, D., Cummings, S. L., & Engstrom, N. F. (2020). Legal Ethics (8th ed.). West Academic.

Sander, B. (2021). Democratic Disruption in the Age of Social Media: Between Marketized and Structural Conceptions of Human Rights Law. European Journal of International Law, 32(1), 159193. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chab022

Seubert, S., & Becker, C. (2021). The Democratic Impact of Strengthening European Fundamental Rights in the Digital Age: The Example of Privacy Protection. German Law Journal, 22(1), 3144. https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2020.101

Sharma, M. (2020). Documents on Democracy. Journal of Democracy, 31(3), 179186. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2020.0040

Stempel, J. W. (2020). Legal Ethics and Law Reform Advocacy. St. Marys Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics, 10(2), 244289.

Tabori, T. (2020). A Practical Guide to Election Law. Law Brief Publishing.

Ulum, M. B. (2019). HOW DEMOCRACY IS ELECTION? REASSESSING ARTICLE 18 (4) OF THE 1945 CONSTITUTION AND ITS IMPLICATION TO THE REGIONAL HEAD ELECTION IN INDONESIA. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 8(2), 315. https://doi.org/10.25216/JHP.8.2.2019.315-332

Ulum, M. B. (2020). Indonesian Democracy and Political Parties After Twenty Years of Reformation: A Contextual Analysis. Indonesia Law Review, 10(1), 2944. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.15742/ilrev.v10n1.577

Ward, J. K. (2005). Aristotle on Physis: Human Nature in the Ethics and Politics. Polis: The Journal for Ancient Greek Political Thought, 22(2), 287308. https://doi.org/10.1163/20512996-90000081

Watra, B. L. (2020). 13 Penyelenggara Pemilu Terbukti Langgar Kode Etik. Antaranews.Com. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1834560/13-penyelenggara-pemilu-terbukti-langgar-kode-etik

Woolley, A. (2013). The Problem of Disagreement in Legal Ethics Theory. Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence, 26(1), 181217. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0841820900006007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/dll.v7i1.8203