Single Global Hijri Calendar in the Muhammadiyah Perspective: Integration of Hisab, Rukyat, and Dates Unification

Sandika Alfalaah

Abstract


The discrepancy in determining the beginning of the month of Qamariyah remains an annual issue in the Islamic world, particularly in relation to the fasting of Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha. Muhammadiyah, through the manhaj tarjih, offers a solution based on the concept of the Single Global Hijri Calendar (KHGT), which is grounded in essential hisab and the criteria of global imkanur rukyat. This research employs a qualitative method, drawing on a literature study of the decisions made at the 47th and 48th Muhammadiyah Congresses, official documents of the Tarjih and Tajdid Councils, and the results of the 2016 Turkish Congress. The results of the study show that KHGT plays a role as an instrument of unifying Muslims in setting the calendar, without changing the local daily worship time. The implementation of KHGT is projected to enhance Islamic ukhuwah, provide certainty of worship times, and serve as a model for integrating astronomy and Islamic law in the contemporary era.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33096/jah.v2i3.26668

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