Designing a Pop-Up Book–VR Module to Improve Critical Thinking in Solid Geometry Learning

Niken Ananda Sitorus
Received: 2025-10-11
Accepted: 2026-10-29
Published: 2026-11-01

Abstract


This study aims to develop an innovative instructional module that integrates a Pop-Up Book and Virtual Reality (VR) based on graphic design principles to enhance students’ critical thinking skills in learning solid geometry. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The module was validated by experts, tested for effectiveness, and evaluated through student and teacher responses. Thirty-six Grade IX students and two mathematics teachers from SMP Swasta YWKA Medan were involved as research participants. Data were collected using critical thinking tests (pretest–posttest), observation, questionnaires, and interviews.The results showed that the module was rated “very feasible” by experts with an average score of 90%, particularly strong in content quality, interactivity, and visual design. The N-Gain score of 0.61 indicated a moderate to high improvement in students’ critical thinking skills after using the module. Statistical tests confirmed the normality of data distribution, validating the results. In addition, students and teachers gave positive feedback, emphasizing the module’s usefulness, engagement, and clarity.This research contributes to educational innovation by presenting a dual-mode instructional media that combines tactile learning and immersive digital experience, addressing the gap between abstract geometry concepts and real-world visualization.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jmea.v5i3.26824

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Journal of Mathematics Education and Application: JMEA

University Muhammadiyah of Sumatera Utara

Magister Pendidikan Matematika Program Pascasarjana Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Jl. Denai No 217, Indonesia